scholarly journals Air Pollutant Particles, PM2.5, Exposure and Glaucoma in Patients with Diabetes: A National Population-Based Nested Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9939
Author(s):  
Yun-Wei Chiang ◽  
Sheng-Wen Wu ◽  
Ci-Wen Luo ◽  
Shih-Pin Chen ◽  
Chun-Jung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Exposure Concentration ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached 20%. Air pollutants with a particle size of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) are a globally recognized risk factor for diabetes and glaucoma. We examined whether the risk of glaucoma would decrease or increase when patients with DM were exposed to different PM2.5 concentrations. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan and the Air Quality Monitoring Network between 2008 and 2013. This nested case–control study involved 197 DM patients with glaucoma and 788 DM patients without glaucoma. Cases and controls were matched (1:4) by gender, age (±5 years), and index date (±6 months), and their data were entered in a logistic regression model adjusted for gender, age, urbanization level, income level, and comorbidities. The odds ratio (OR) of glaucoma at PM2.5 exposure concentration in the fourth quartile (Q4) compared with in the first quartile (Q1) was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.084–2.764). For glaucoma risk, the OR was 1.013 (95% CI: 1.006–1.020) at a PM2.5 exposure concentration in Q1, 1.004 (95% CI: 1.001–1.007) in the third quartile (Q3), and 1.003 (95% CI: 1.001–1.004) in Q4. In the subgroup analysis of patients living in non-emerging towns and non-agricultural towns, the OR for glaucoma in Q4 compared with in Q1 was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.229–3.406) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.091–2.803), respectively (p trend = 0.001 and 0.011). For patients without migraine, the OR for glaucoma was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.074–2.782; p = 0.006). These results demonstrate that, for patients with DM, PM2.5 increased the risk of glaucoma and PM2.5 was an independent risk factor for glaucoma in patients with DM.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus pre-S deletion mutations are a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma: a matched nested case–control study

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 2882-2890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Liao Fang ◽  
Caroline A. Sabin ◽  
Bai-Qing Dong ◽  
Shao-Chao Wei ◽  
Qin-Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Deletion Mutations ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

A matched nested case–control study of 33 paired cases and controls was conducted, based on a study cohort in Long An county, Guangxi, China, to determine whether infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) with pre-S deletions is independently associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), without the confounding effects of basal core promoter (BCP) double mutations. The prevalence of pre-S deletions was significantly higher in HCC (45.5 %, 15 of 33) than the controls (18.2 %, 6 of 33) (P<0.01), under the control of the influence of BCP double mutations. Most of the pre-S deletions occurred in, or involved, the 5′ half of the pre-S2 region and the difference between HCC (93.3 %, 14 of 15) and controls (66.7 %, four of six) was significant for this region (P=0.015). There was no significant difference in pre-S deletions between the BCP mutant group and BCP wild-type group (P>0.05), nor was the prevalence of pre-S deletions significantly different between genotypes B and C (P>0.1). These results suggest that pre-S deletions constitute an independent risk factor for HCC and their emergence and effect are independent of BCP mutations. The 5′ terminus of pre-S2 is the favoured site for the deletion mutations, especially in HCC cases. Further prospective studies are required to confirm the role of these mutations in the development of HCC.

scholarly journals Factor V Leiden as a risk factor for preterm birth - a population-based nested case-control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. HILTUNEN ◽  
H. LAIVUORI ◽  
A. RAUTANEN ◽  
R. KAAJA ◽  
J. KERE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Pneumonia is an independent risk factor for pyogenic liver abscess: A population-based, nested, case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e0178571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai-Wai Ho ◽  
Chao-Bin Yeh ◽  
Shun-Fa Yang ◽  
Han-Wei Yeh ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pyogenic Liver Abscess ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Teenage Pregnancy as a Risk Factor of Stunting and Wasting among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia (IFLS 5 Analysis Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Justiyulfah Syah ◽  
Abdul Wahab ◽  
BJ. Istiti Kandarina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Indonesia Family Life Survey ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstrak. Stunting dan wasting saling terkait dengan peningkatan mortalitas terutama ketika keduanya dialami oleh anak yang sama serta meningkatnya angka kematian dan kesakitan perinatal di Indonesia diakibatkan oleh kehamilan dan kelahiran pada usia remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besarnya risiko kehamilan usia remaja terhadap kejadian stunting dan wasting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain nested case-control study dengan menganalisis data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) periode ke-5. Hasil analisis bivariabel kejadian stunting dan wasting  tidak berhubungan secara statistik terhadap kehamilan usia remaja dengan nilai p=0, 39 (OR=1, 30; CI 95 = 0, 67-2, 48). Hasil analisis multivariat kejadian stunting dan wasting dengan kehamilan usia remaja dengan mengikut sertakan variabel berat badan lahir, tinggi badan ibu, penyakit infeksi, dan lokasi tempat tinggal tidak berhubungan secara statistik dengan nilai p=0,47 (OR=1,25; 95% CI=0,67-2,35). Penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa tidak berhubungan secara statistik antara kehamilan usia remaja dengan kejadian stunting dan wasting, namun tetap di perlukan startegi untuk menurunkan angka kehamilan usia remaja melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi bahaya pernikahan dini guna mendapatkan generasi dengan status kesehatan yang lebih baik.

scholarly journals Asthma as a Risk Factor for Hospitalization in Children with COVID‐19: A Nested Case‐Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Gaietto ◽  
Megan Culler Freeman ◽  
Leigh Anne DiCicco ◽  
Sherry Rauenswinter ◽  
Joseph R Squire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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