scholarly journals Examining Preference Heterogeneity in Best-Worst Scaling: Case of Preferences for Job Opportunities in Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) Communities in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Satoru Komatsu ◽  
Yayu Isyana D. Pongoliu ◽  
Masayuki Sakakibara ◽  
Taro Ohdoko
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Heterogeneous Preferences ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Best Worst Scaling

This research empirically examines the preferences for job-related attributes among rural villagers living close to artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Indonesia. Based on hypothetical scenarios in which a private company collaborates with the local government to establish a food processing industry in these villages, a questionnaire survey designed with best–worst scaling (BWS) was administered to households to determine their preferences. Additionally, the heterogeneity among the villagers was examined by applying a latent class logit (LCL) model. The main household survey was conducted in 2019 in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province. The estimation results revealed that villagers are separated into four classes, and each class has different and unique preferences. Creating more job opportunities for society is a highly evaluated attribute; however, the preference for skill acquisition differs among groups. The results indicate that accounting for heterogeneous preferences regarding job opportunities is helpful to delink dependency on ASGM and health hazards and improve the livelihoods of rural villagers. The study yields key information to substantially reduce environmental and health hazards in the poverty-plagued ASGM community by facilitating job opportunities in Indonesia.

P130 Health hazards of artisanal and small-scale gold mining

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bose-O’Reilly ◽  
Nadine Steckling ◽  
Dennis Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Small Scale

scholarly journals Assessing the Heterogeneity of Consumers’ Preferences for Corporate Social Responsibility Using the Best–Worst Scaling Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Nakano ◽  
Takahiro Tsuge
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Random Parameter ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Best Worst Scaling ◽  
Corporate Social

The promotion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is important for achieving sustainability. The interest of stakeholders is one factor promoting CSR activities. Consumers are one of the major stakeholders. The aim of this study is to quantify Japanese consumers’ preference for 13 CSR activities using the best–worst scaling (BWS) approach. We conducted an online survey in February 2015 and 633 individuals responded. Counting analysis and econometric analysis were used to analyze the BWS data. The results of the counting and MaxDiff analyses show that “Product safety and immediate recall in the case of defects” was identified as the most highly evaluated activity that makes respondents most strongly think that they want to buy a product from a company implementing the CSR activity. The results of the random parameter logit model and latent class model show preference heterogeneity. Some classes prioritize activities that do not generate a private benefit for them, such as environmental issues abroad and the working conditions of employees.

Assessment of workers’ knowledge and views of occupational health hazards of gold mining in Obuasi Municipality, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Michael Atakora ◽  
Berndt Stenberg
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Small-scale mining in Ghana has been a major community and national concern due to its contribution to the destruction of farmlands and bodies of water, and to the loss of human life. Small-scale mining exposes workers to varying degrees of health hazards and problems. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the knowledge and views of workers about the occupational health hazards and problems related to small-scale gold mining in Obuasi Municipality, Ghana, to help improve workers’ safety at the mining sites. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done between May and December 2011. Simple random sampling was used to select 150 small-scale miners take part in this study. The workers were asked about their knowledge and views of occupational health hazards and problems related to gold mining. Data were entered with EpiData Entry 3.1 and analyzed using Stata 11. Results: Most workers (63.3%) had low knowledge of occupational health and safety regulations. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge about regulations was associated with level of education (OR = 8.5; 95% CI: 7–10.5). The common effects of mining that workers expressed awareness of were land pollution (30%), water pollution (28%), air pollution (18.7%), and noise pollution (16%). The factors influencing exposure to health hazards related to mining were low educational levels (14%), little work experience (30.7%), incorrect handling of equipment or chemicals (26%), poor law enforcement (12.7%), and negligence (16.7%). In general, occupational lung disease (16%), occupational hearing loss (14%), heat illnesses (12%), eye infections (16%), malaria (24%), and skin infections (18%) were the most common health problems study participants mentioned. Conclusion: High levels of occupational health hazards and problems related to gold mining exist among workers in private mines. Safety program should be offered as part of associated public health programs to limit the most significant risks. We further recommend education and training on regulations and the use of personal protective equipment.

MERCURY AND SMALL-SCALE GOLD MINING AT ANCIENT SARDIS, TURKEY

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Brooks ◽  
◽  
Huseyin Ozturk ◽  
Zeynep Cansu Oru
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Small Scale

scholarly journals Effects of Ad-hoc Data Truncation and Homogeneous Preferences on Recreational Demand and Values: An Application to the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Kavita Sardana ◽  
John C. Bergstrom ◽  
J. M. Bowker
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Poisson Model ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
National Forests ◽  
Heterogeneous Preferences ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Travel Cost Model

Abstract We estimate a travel cost model for the George Washington & Jefferson National Forests using an On-Site Latent Class Poisson Model. We show that the constraints of ad-hoc truncation and homogenous preferences significantly impact consumer surplus estimates derived from the on-site travel cost model. By relaxing the constraints, we show that more than one class of visitors with unique preferences exists in the population. The resulting demand functions, price responsive behaviors, and consumer surplus estimates reflect differences across these classes of visitors. With heterogeneous preferences, a group of ‘local residents’ exists with a probability of 8% and, on average take 113 visits.

scholarly journals The outbreak of illegal gold mining in the Brazilian Amazon boosts deforestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Siqueira-Gay ◽  
Luis E. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Political Pressure ◽  
Deforestation Rate ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Mineral Supply ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

AbstractIncreased prices and political pressure are boosting illegal gold mining in the Brazilian Amazon, threatening forests, indigenous people, and conservation of biodiversity in protected areas. The rate of illegal mining deforestation increased more than 90% from 2017 to 2020, reaching 101.7 km2 annually in 2020 compared to 52.9 km2 annually in 2017. In that period, illegal mining deforestation rate grew more than the rate of clearing within mining leases. While formal mining is required to comply with environmental regulations, most small-scale or artisanal mining and especially illegal mining areas are abandoned after reserves are exhausted, without proper rehabilitation. Deforestation due to illegal mining is likely to increase in the next years, calling for coordination between local and regional policies as well as for strengthening and expanding international mechanisms to increase traceability of mineral supply chains with certification schemes to help to curb illegal mining.

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