scholarly journals The Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Explosive Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Rachel Tan ◽  
Leire Cano ◽  
Ángel Lago-Rodríguez ◽  
Raúl Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Fast Twitch Muscle ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Type Studies

Dietary nitrate supplementation is evidenced to induce physiological effects on skeletal muscle function in fast-twitch muscle fibers and may enhance high-intensity exercise performance. An important component of sport-specific skills is the ability to perform explosive movements; however, it is unclear if nitrate supplementation can impact explosive efforts. We examined the existing evidence to determine whether nitrate supplementation improves explosive efforts lasting ≤ 6 s. PubMed, Scopus and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were searched for articles using the following search strategy: (nitrate OR nitrite OR beetroot) AND (supplement OR supplementation) AND (explosive OR power OR high intensity OR high-intensity OR sprint* OR “athletic performance”). Out of 810 studies, 18 were eligible according to inclusion criteria. Results showed that 4 of the 10 sprint-type studies observed improved sprint time, power output, and total work in cycling or running, whereas 4 of the 10 resistance-based exercise studies observed improvements to power and velocity of free-weight bench press as well as isokinetic knee extension and flexion at certain angular velocities. These results suggest that nitrate potentially improves explosive exercise performance, but further work is required to clarify the factors influencing the efficacy of nitrate in different exercise modalities.

scholarly journals Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances high-intensity running performance in moderate normobaric hypoxia, independent of aerobic fitness

Nitric Oxide ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Michael Shannon ◽  
Lauren Duckworth ◽  
Matthew John Barlow ◽  
David Woods ◽  
Jose Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

Dietary nitrate supplementation improves team sport-specific intense intermittent exercise performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 1673-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee J. Wylie ◽  
Magni Mohr ◽  
Peter Krustrup ◽  
Sarah R. Jackman ◽  
Georgios Ermιdis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

scholarly journals Influence of dietary nitrate supplementation on physiological and muscle metabolic adaptations to sprint interval training

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Thompson ◽  
Lee J. Wylie ◽  
Jamie R. Blackwell ◽  
Jonathan Fulford ◽  
Matthew I. Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Severe Intensity ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

We hypothesized that 4 wk of dietary nitrate supplementation would enhance exercise performance and muscle metabolic adaptations to sprint interval training (SIT). Thirty-six recreationally active subjects, matched on key variables at baseline, completed a series of exercise tests before and following a 4-wk period in which they were allocated to one of the following groups: 1) SIT and [Formula: see text]-depleted beetroot juice as a placebo (SIT+PL); 2) SIT and [Formula: see text]-rich beetroot juice (~13 mmol [Formula: see text]/day; SIT+BR); or 3) no training and [Formula: see text]-rich beetroot juice (NT+BR). During moderate-intensity exercise, pulmonary oxygen uptake was reduced by 4% following 4 wk of SIT+BR and NT+BR ( P < 0.05) but not SIT+PL. The peak work rate attained during incremental exercise increased more in SIT+BR than in SIT+PL ( P < 0.05) or NT+BR ( P < 0.001). The reduction in muscle and blood [lactate] and the increase in muscle pH from preintervention to postintervention were greater at 3 min of severe-intensity exercise in SIT+BR compared with SIT+PL and NT+BR ( P < 0.05). However, the change in severe-intensity exercise performance was not different between SIT+BR and SIT+PL ( P > 0.05). The relative proportion of type IIx muscle fibers in the vastus lateralis muscle was reduced in SIT+BR only ( P < 0.05). These findings suggest that BR supplementation may enhance some aspects of the physiological adaptations to SIT. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the influence of nitrate-rich and nitrate-depleted beetroot juice on the muscle metabolic and physiological adaptations to 4 wk of sprint interval training. Compared with placebo, dietary nitrate supplementation reduced the O2 cost of submaximal exercise, resulted in greater improvement in incremental (but not severe-intensity) exercise performance, and augmented some muscle metabolic adaptations to training. Nitrate supplementation may facilitate some of the physiological responses to sprint interval training.

Influence of dietary nitrate on the physiological determinants of exercise performance: a critical review

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Nitrate Dose

Dietary nitrate supplementation, usually in the form of beetroot juice, has been heralded as a possible new ergogenic aid for sport and exercise performance. Early studies in recreationally active participants indicated that nitrate ingestion significantly reduces the O2 cost of submaximal exercise and improves performance during high-intensity endurance exercise. Subsequent studies have begun to address the physiological mechanisms underpinning these observations and to investigate the human populations in whom, and the exercise conditions (high- vs. low-intensity, long- vs. short-duration, continuous vs. intermittent, normoxic vs. hypoxic) under which, nitrate supplementation may be beneficial. Moreover, the optimal nitrate loading regimen in terms of nitrate dose and duration of supplementation has been explored. Depending on these factors, nitrate supplementation has been shown to exert physiological effects that could be conducive to exercise performance enhancement, at least in recreationally active or sub-élite athletes. This article provides a “state-of-the-art” review of the literature pertinent to the evaluation of the efficacy of nitrate supplementation in altering the physiological determinants of sport and exercise performance.

Dietary Nitrate and Physical Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Jones ◽  
Christopher Thompson ◽  
Lee J. Wylie ◽  
Anni Vanhatalo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a plethora of important roles in the human body. Insufficient production of NO (for example, during older age and in various disease conditions) can adversely impact health and physical performance. In addition to its endogenous production through the oxidation of l-arginine, NO can be formed nonenzymatically via the reduction of nitrate and nitrite, and the storage of these anions can be augmented by the consumption of nitrate-rich foodstuffs such as green leafy vegetables. Recent studies indicate that dietary nitrate supplementation, administered most commonly in the form of beetroot juice, can ( a) improve muscle efficiency by reducing the O2 cost of submaximal exercise and thereby improve endurance exercise performance and ( b) enhance skeletal muscle contractile function and thereby improve muscle power and sprint exercise performance. This review describes the physiological mechanisms potentially responsible for these effects, outlines the circumstances in which ergogenic effects are most likely to be evident, and discusses the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on physical performance in a range of human populations.

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