scholarly journals Geographic Information Metadata—An Outlook from the International Standardization Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brodeur ◽  
Coetzee ◽  
Danko ◽  
Garcia ◽  
Hjelmager
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Metadata Standards ◽  
Geographic Datasets ◽  
International Standardization ◽  
Map Scale ◽  
Magnetic North

Geographic information metadata provides a detailed description of geographic information resources. Well before digital data emerged, metadata were shown in the margins of paper maps to inform the reader of the name of the map, the scale, the orientation of the magnetic North, the projection used, the coordinate systems, the legend, and so on. Metadata were used to communicate practical information for the proper use of maps. When geographic information entered the digital era with geographic information systems, metadata was also collected digitally to describe datasets and the dataset collections for various purposes. Initially, metadata were collected and saved in digital files by data producers for their own specific needs. The sharing of geographic datasets that required producers to provide metadata with the dataset to guide proper use of the dataset—map scale, data sources, extent, datum, coordinate reference system, etc. Because of issues with sharing and no common understanding of metadata requirements, the need for metadata standardization was recognized by the geographic information community worldwide. The ISO technical committee 211 was created in 1994 with the scope of standardization in the field of digital geographic information to support interoperability. In the early years of the committee, standardization of metadata was initiated for different purposes, which culminated in the ISO 19115:2003 standard. Now, there are many ISO Geographic information standards that covers the various aspect of geographic information metadata. This paper traces an illustration of the development and evolution of the requirements and international standardization activities of geographic information metadata standards, profiles and resources, and how these attest to facilitating the discovery, evaluation, and appropriate use of geographic information in various contexts.

scholarly journals Employing GIS towards shaping a smart and sustainable future: a brief policy survey of global and Taiwan’s efforts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Chen ◽  
Ching-Yi Lin ◽  
Chine-Hung Tung ◽  
Hsiung-Ming Liao ◽  
Jr-Jie Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Sustainable Future ◽  
Strategic Policies

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Since UN announced 17 SDGs in 2015, many countries around the world have been endeavouring to promote SDGs towards building a sustainable future. Given the disparity of the regional development, national government is suggested to establish localised sustainable vision. Drawing on UN SDGs with targets and corresponding indicators, meanwhile considering local circumstances and sustainable vision, government further seeks to establish localised SDGs with related targets and indicators. Meanwhile, under the digital era, digital technologies have been extensively employed as the smart tool in many fields nowadays, and Geographic Information System (GIS) has been developed as the platform to visualise the SDGs progress in UN and many countries. On the above basis, this paper further demonstrates Taiwan’s efforts to establish localised SDGs, and develop National Geographic Information System (NGIS) to implement the sustainable development in Taiwan, monitor the SDGs progress, and provide feedback to policymakers to further make strategic policies in a top-down approach, meanwhile develop Community Geographic Information System (CGIS) to encourage stakeholders and citizens to harness the concept of CGIS to proactively create and tell their own stories and promote Regional Revitalisation policy in a bottom-up approach. Moreover, GIS could not function well without appropriate data management including massive data and open data policy, well-built digital infrastructure, as well as the selected “right data” and cyber security. Hence, with appropriate data management, GIS as a smart tool could facilitate the promotion and implementation of SDGs in an intuitive manner towards shaping a smart and sustainable future.</p>

International Standardization of Boilers and Pressure Vessels

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
Bernard Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Materials Design ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
National Standards ◽  
International Organization ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
International Standardization ◽  
American Society ◽  
Tc 11

International standardization in the field of boilers and pressure vessels is being carried out within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) by Technical Committee No. 11. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is responsible for coordinating this activity on behalf of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Forty-two countries are involved in the work of TC 11 which is organized into 4 subcommittees and 16 working groups covering major areas such as materials, design, welded construction, and serially made pressure vessels.

scholarly journals Mapping ISO 19115-1 geographic metadata standards to CodeMeta

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e174
Author(s):  
Ted Habermann
Keyword(s):  
Technical Committee ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Software Repositories ◽  
Metadata Standards ◽  
Geographic Data

The CodeMeta Project recently proposed a vocabulary for software metadata. ISO Technical Committee 211 has published a set of metadata standards for geographic data and many kinds of related resources, including software. In order for ISO metadata creators and users to take advantage of the CodeMeta recommendations, a mapping from ISO elements to the CodeMeta vocabulary must exist. This mapping is complicated by differences in the approaches used by ISO and CodeMeta, primarily a difference between hard and soft typing of metadata elements. These differences are described in detail and a mapping is proposed that includes sixty-four of the sixty-eight CodeMeta V2 terms. The CodeMeta terms have also been mapped to dialects used by twenty-one software repositories, registries and archives. The average number of terms mapped in these cases is 11.2. The disparity between these numbers reflects the fact that many of the dialects that have been mapped to CodeMeta are focused on citation or dependency identification and management while ISO and CodeMeta share additional targets that include access, use, and understanding. Addressing this broader set of use cases requires more metadata elements.

Being Stuck in (Live) Time: The Sticky Sociological Imagination

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 124-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Uprichard
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Imagination ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transactional Data ◽  
Digital Research

Recently, Savage and Burrows (2007) have argued that one way to invigorate sociology's ‘empirical crisis’ is to take advantage of live, web-based digital transactional data. This paper argues that whilst sociologists do indeed need to engage with this growing digital data deluge, there are longer-term risks involved that need to be considered. More precisely, C. Wright Mills' ‘sociological imagination’ is used as the basis for the kind of sociological research that one might aim for, even within the digital era. In so doing, it is suggested that current forms of engaging with transactional social data are problematic to the sociological imagination because they tend to be ahistorical and focus mainly on ‘now casting’. The ahistorical nature of this genre of digital research, it is argued, necessarily restricts the possibility of developing a serious sociological imagination. In turn, it is concluded, there is a need to think beyond the digitized surfaces of the plastic present and to consider the impact that time and temporality, particularly within the digital arena, have on shaping our sociological imagination.

Gliding in New Zealand

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (680) ◽  
pp. 544-552
Author(s):  
G. A. Hookings
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Post War ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
Second World ◽  
Gliding Movement

I am deeply conscious of the honour to the New Zealand gliding movement and to myself as its representative to be asked to deliver the First George Bolt Aviation Memorial Lecture. George Bolt was one of the first New Zealanders to construct and fly his own glider in the early years of this century, and for the remainder of his life he retained an intense interest in gliding, even when deeply involved in increasingly complex powered aircraft. He agreed to become the first Chairman of the Technical Committee of the New Zealand Gliding Association, and as such helped the movement in its struggles to get back into the air after the Second World War. It is thanks to him that the Association was established on a sound technical basis, as the first post-war Director of Civil Aviation made it clear that the New Zealand Gliding Association would not be recognised until a competent Technical Committee was formed.

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