scholarly journals Connexin Signaling in the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) of Developing, Postnatal Healthy and Nephrotic Human Kidneys

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8349
Author(s):  
Ivona Kosovic ◽  
Natalija Filipovic ◽  
Benjamin Benzon ◽  
Ivana Bocina ◽  
Merica Glavina Durdov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Double Immunofluorescence ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Arterial Blood

Our study analyzed the expression pattern of different connexins (Cxs) and renin positive cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) of developing, postnatal healthy human kidneys and in nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type (CNF), by using double immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and statistical measuring. The JGA contained several cell types connected by Cxs, and consisting of macula densa, extraglomerular mesangium (EM) and juxtaglomerular cells (JC), which release renin involved in renin-angiotensin- aldosteron system (RAS) of arterial blood pressure control. During JGA development, strong Cx40 expression gradually decreased, while expression of Cx37, Cx43 and Cx45 increased, postnatally showing more equalized expression patterning. In parallel, initially dispersed renin cells localized to JGA, and greatly increased expression in postnatal kidneys. In CNF kidneys, increased levels of Cx43, Cx37 and Cx45 co-localized with accumulations of renin cells in JGA. Additionally, they reappeared in extraglomerular mesangial cells, indicating association between return to embryonic Cxs patterning and pathologically changed kidney tissue. Based on the described Cxs and renin expression patterning, we suggest involvement of Cx40 primarily in the formation of JGA in developing kidneys, while Cx37, Cx43 and Cx45 might participate in JGA signal transfer important for postnatal maintenance of kidney function and blood pressure control.

Interactions between ANG II, sympathetic nervous system, and baroreceptor reflexes in regulation of blood pressure

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (6) ◽  
pp. E763-E778 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflexes ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in the regulation of arterial blood pressure and in the development of some forms of clinical and experimental hypertension. It is an important blood pressure control system in its own right but also interacts extensively with other blood pressure control systems, including the sympathetic nervous system and the baroreceptor reflexes. Angiotensin (ANG) II exerts several actions on the sympathetic nervous system. These include a central action to increase sympathetic outflow, stimulatory effects on sympathetic ganglia and the adrenal medulla, and actions at sympathetic nerve endings that serve to facilitate sympathetic neurotransmission. ANG II also interacts with baroreceptor reflexes. For example, it acts centrally to modulate the baroreflex control of heart rate, and this accounts for its ability to increase blood pressure without causing a reflex bradycardia. The physiological significance of these actions of ANG II is not fully understood. Most evidence indicates that the actions of ANG to enhance sympathetic activity do not contribute significantly to the pressor response to exogenous ANG II. On the other hand, there is considerable evidence that the actions of endogenous ANG II on the sympathetic nervous system enhance the cardiovascular responses elicited by activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

scholarly journals Predictors of Arterial Blood Pressure Control During Deliberate Hypotension with Sodium Nitroprusside in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Spielberg ◽  
Jeffrey S. Barrett ◽  
Gregory B. Hammer ◽  
David R. Drover ◽  
Tammy Reece ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Deliberate Hypotension ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals G-Protein Receptor Kinase 4 Polymorphism and Response to Antihypertensive Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1543-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M Muskalla ◽  
Paolo M Suter ◽  
Matthias Saur ◽  
Albina Nowak ◽  
Martin Hersberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Protein Receptor

Abstract BACKGROUND G-protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphism influences blood pressure regulation via modulation of dopamine receptor D1 in renal proximal tubular cells. We investigated the role of G-protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphism in the response to hypertensive therapy in patients with essential hypertension. METHODS In a prospective study, we assessed the G-protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphisms R65L, A142V, and A486V in 100 hypertensive patients. We analyzed the association of the 3 gene variants on blood pressure control and response to antihypertensive therapy with single-locus analysis, haplotype analysis, and regression analysis. RESULTS Hypertensive individuals with a homozygous double variant of 65L and 142V needed significantly more antihypertensive treatment (number of antihypertensives 2.59 vs 1.95, P = 0.043) and especially diuretic therapy (0.82 vs 0.49, P = 0.029) to reach the same mean arterial blood pressure than did homozygous carriers of only 1 variant or heterozygous/wild-type carriers of R65L, A142V, and A486V alleles. CONCLUSIONS G-protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphism is associated with antihypertensive treatment response in patients with essential hypertension. Determination of G-protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphism may improve individual antihypertensive blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension.

scholarly journals Brief Reviews: A Systems Analysis Approach to Understanding Long-Range Arterial Blood Pressure Control and Hypertension

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR C. GUYTON ◽  
THOMAS G. COLEMAN ◽  
ALLEN W. COWLEY ◽  
R. DAVIS MANNING ◽  
ROGER A. NORMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Arterial Blood

ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL AND AGE: THE EXPERIENCE OF A SINGLE CENTRE

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e557
Author(s):  
S. Flori ◽  
S. Leoni ◽  
B. Stagni ◽  
I. Serio ◽  
L. Bolondi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Arterial Blood
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