scholarly journals Silencing of the Ortholog of DEFECTIVE IN ANTHER DEHISCENCE 1 Gene in the Woody Perennial Jatropha curcas Alters Flower and Fruit Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8923
Author(s):  
Chuan-Jia Xu ◽  
Mei-Li Zhao ◽  
Mao-Sheng Chen ◽  
Zeng-Fu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Phospholipase A1 ◽  
Woody Perennial ◽  
Flower And Fruit Development ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Androecium Development

DEFECTIVE IN ANTHER DEHISCENCE 1 (DAD1), a phospholipase A1, utilizes galactolipids (18:3) to generate α-linolenic acid (ALA) in the initial step of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we isolated the JcDAD1 gene, an ortholog of Arabidopsis DAD1 in Jatropha curcas, and found that it is mainly expressed in the stems, roots, and male flowers of Jatropha. JcDAD1-RNAi transgenic plants with low endogenous jasmonate levels in inflorescences exhibited more and larger flowers, as well as a few abortive female flowers, although anther and pollen development were normal. In addition, fruit number was increased and the seed size, weight, and oil contents were reduced in the transgenic Jatropha plants. These results indicate that JcDAD1 regulates the development of flowers and fruits through the JA biosynthesis pathway, but does not alter androecium development in Jatropha. These findings strengthen our understanding of the roles of JA and DAD1 in the regulation of floral development in woody perennial plants.

scholarly journals Floral biology of Jatropha curcas L.

2010 ◽  
pp. 31-54
Author(s):  
Angelo Jay Noriel ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
State University ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Male Flowers

This study was conducted at the existing plantation of Jatropha curcas within the campus of Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay, Leyte from April 2006 to June 2006 with the following objectives: 1) to study the floral morphology and flowering behavior of J. curcas; 2) to determine the time and duration of flower opening, anther dehiscence, and stigmatic receptivity of J. curcas; and 3) to test for pollen viability. Male and female flowers of J. curcas were borne on the same plant with an average numbers per inflorescence of 55.03 and 1.926, respectively. Male flowers were more numerous than the females without definite relationship on number per inflorescence. It took an average of 9.56 days for all florets to full bloom. Anther dehiscence was observed to start at the time of opening of male flowers at around 0500 to 0600 hours and remained so for 24 to 72 hours. Stigmatic receptivity started about 12 hours after full bloom and lasted for about 24 hours. Based on observations, opening of floret buds, anther dehiscence, and stigmatic receptivity were all greatly influenced by the environment. Early sunrise, longer sunshine duration, and less amount of rainfall enhanced flowering of J. curcas. Pollen viability was relatively high, ranging from 88.12% to 98.55%.

scholarly journals Manipulation of Auxin Response Factor 19 affects seed size in the woody perennial Jatropha curcas

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwei Sun ◽  
Chunming Wang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Xiyuan Jiang ◽  
Huizhu Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Auxin Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Woody Perennial

scholarly journals Floral Development and Breeding System of Swainsona formosa (Leguminosae)

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Jusaitis
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Bird Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Sigmoidal Growth ◽  
Cross Fertilization

Flowers of Swainsona formosa (G. Don) J. Thompson (syn. Clianthus formosus) developed through seven floral stages from buds to open flowers in 17 days. Floral stages were correlated with the sigmoidal growth pattern of the peduncle. Self-pollination was prevented in the species by the presence of a stigmatic cuticle that precluded pollen germination until ruptured, exposing the receptive surface below. Cuticular rupture occurred in nature during bird-pollination and was emulated manually by lightly rubbing a pollen-covered finger across the stigma. The species was self-compatible, and to ensure cross-fertilization when breeding, emasculation before anther dehiscence was essential.

Comparative morphology and ontogenetic patterns of Bdallophytum species (Cytinaceae, Malvales): insight into the biology of an endoparasitic genus

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Rios-Carrasco ◽  
SONIA VÁZQUEZ-SANTANA
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Unisexual Flowers ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Insight Into

Cytinaceae are root endoparasitic plants with only three genera. Their biology is largely unknown, and most knowledge of the family is based on the Old World genus, Cytinus. Here, we studied all three species of the New World Bdallophytum from Mexico. We describe their morphoanatomy, floral development, and embryology, highlighting the unique traits of Bdallophytum compared with two other genera of the family and members of Malvales. Both B. americanum and B. andrieuxii are dioecious, while B. oxylepis is gynomonoecious. The floral size and the number of floral organs vary within and among species, which appears common in Cytinaceae. The flowers of Bdallophytum exhibit synorganization in sexual organs, a synandrium in male flowers, and a gynostemium in bisexual flowers of B. oxylepis. Unisexual and bisexual flowers are zygomorphic at the early developmental stages. The unisexual flowers become actinomorphic in later development, while the bisexual flowers of B. oxylepis remain zygomorphic. The androecium of Bdallophytum has key traits shared with some Malvales, such as the fused filaments in Malvaceae and Sarcolaenaceae and the connective appendage shared with Dipterocarpaceae. Our results suggest that a unitegmic ovule is a unique trait for Bdallophytum. This is proposed here as a putative synapomorphy for Bdallophytum.

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Transcription Factor Increases Lipid Content in a Woody Perennial Jatropha curcas

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ye ◽  
Chunming Wang ◽  
Yanwei Sun ◽  
Jing Qu ◽  
Huizhu Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Woody Perennial
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