scholarly journals Role of Biomarkers as Prognostic Factors in Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Tae Hoon Kim ◽  
Seung Geun Yeo ◽  
Jae Yong Byun
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy

Acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP), including Bell’s palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome, is a disease that affects daily life through facial motor dysfunction, causing psychological problems. Various tests to evaluate prognosis have been studied; however, there are no validated predictive biomarkers to guide clinical decision making. Therefore, specific biomarkers that respond to treatment are required to understand prognostic outcomes. In this review, we discuss existing literature regarding the role of APFP biomarkers in prognosis and recovery. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant papers. Our screening identified relevant studies and biomarkers correlating with the identification of predictive biomarkers. Only studies published between January 2000 and October 2021 were included. Our search identified 5835 abstracts, of which 35 were selected. All biomarker samples were obtained from blood and were used in the evaluation of disease severity and prognosis associated with recovery. These biomarkers have been effective prognostic or predictive factors under various conditions. Finally, we classified them into five categories. There is no consensus in the literature on the correlation between outcomes and prognostic factors for APFP. Furthermore, the correlation between hematologic laboratory values and APFP prognosis remains unclear. However, it is important to identify new methods for improving the accuracy of facial paralysis prognosis prediction. Therefore, we systematically evaluated prognostic and potentially predictive APFP biomarkers. Unfortunately, a predictive biomarker validating APFP prognosis remains unknown. More prospective studies are required to reveal and identify promising biomarkers providing accurate prognosis.

The role of viruses in idiopathic peripheral facial palsy and cellular immune response

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
İrfan Kaygusuz ◽  
Ahmet Gödekmerdan ◽  
Erol Keleş ◽  
Turgut Karlidağ ◽  
Sinasi Yalçin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals A “Lymphocyte MicroRNA Signature” as Predictive Biomarker of Immunotherapy Response and Plasma PD-1/PD-L1 Expression Levels in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Pointing towards Epigenetic Reprogramming

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3396
Author(s):  
Lorena Incorvaia ◽  
Daniele Fanale ◽  
Giuseppe Badalamenti ◽  
Chiara Brando ◽  
Marco Bono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Mirna Expression Profile ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Cancer Evolution ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Number Of Patients

Introduction of checkpoint inhibitors resulted in durable responses and improvements in overall survival in advanced RCC patients, but the treatment efficacy is widely variable, and a considerable number of patients are resistant to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. This variability of clinical response makes necessary the discovery of predictive biomarkers for patient selection. Previous findings showed that the epigenetic modifications, including an extensive microRNA-mediated regulation of tumor suppressor genes, are key features of RCC. Based on this biological background, we hypothesized that a miRNA expression profile directly identified in the peripheral lymphocytes of the patients before and after the nivolumab administration could represent a step toward a real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes during cancer evolution and treatment. Interestingly, we found a specific subset of miRNAs, called “lymphocyte miRNA signature”, specifically induced in long-responder patients (CR, PR, or SD to nivolumab >18 months). Focusing on the clinical translational potential of miRNAs in controlling the expression of immune checkpoints, we identified the association between the plasma levels of soluble PD-1/PD-L1 and expression of some lymphocyte miRNAs. These findings could help the development of novel dynamic predictive biomarkers urgently needed to predict the potential response to immunotherapy and to guide clinical decision-making in RCC patients.

scholarly journals Non-idiopathic peripheral facial palsy: prognostic factors for outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Geißler ◽  
Elisabeth Urban ◽  
Gerd F. Volk ◽  
Carsten M. Klingner ◽  
Otto W. Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Prednisolone Therapy ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Function Tests

Abstract Objectives There is a lack of data on patients’ and diagnostic factors for prognostication of complete recovery in patients with non-idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (FP). Methods Cohort register-based study of 264 patients with non-idiopathic peripheral FP and uniform diagnostics and standardized treatment in a university hospital from 2007 to 2017 (47% female, median age: 57 years). Clinical data, facial grading, electrodiagnostics, motor function tests, non-motor function tests, and onset of prednisolone therapy were assessed for their impact on the probability of complete recovery using univariable and multivariable statistics. Results The most frequent reason for a non-idiopathic peripheral FP was a reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV; 36.4%). Traumatic origin had a higher proportion of complete FP (52.9%). Furthermore, in traumatic FP, the mean interval between onset and start of prednisolone therapy was longer than in other cases (5.6 ± 6.2 days). Patients with reactivation of VZV, Lyme disease or otogenic FP had a significant higher recovery rate (p = 0.002, p < 0.0001, p = 0.018, respectively), whereas patients with post-surgery FP and other reasons had a significant lower recovery rate (p < 0.0001). After multivariate analyses voluntary activity in first EMG, Lyme disease and post-surgery cause were identified as independent diagnostic and prognostic factors on the probability of complete recovery (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Infectious causes for non-idiopathic FP like VZV reactivation and Lyme disease had best probability for complete recovery. Post-surgery FP had a worse prognosis. Level of evidence 2

scholarly journals Precision Medicine for Lung Cancer: Role of the Surgical Pathologist

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1186-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T. Cagle ◽  
Jeffrey Myers
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Biomarker Testing

Precision medicine is altering the traditional role of the surgical pathologist in caring for patients with lung cancer. Diagnosing specific cell type is now a foundation for selecting lung cancers for predictive-biomarker testing by molecular techniques. Using conventional techniques and familiar equipment, the surgical pathologist's role goes beyond this important step and will include screening for, and possibly diagnosis of, predictive biomarkers as we illustrate for one predictive biomarker. Pathologists should embrace the innovations described at the Houston Lung Symposium but must recognize that their traditional expertise will be an important component of precision medicine for the foreseeable future.

PD1 and PD-L1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Kidney Cancer: The Role of PD-L1 Assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 1664-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Cimadamore ◽  
Francesco Massari ◽  
Matteo Santoni ◽  
Antonio Lopez-Beltran ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Death Receptor ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Metastatic Sites

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) pathway represent a drastic change in the treatment landscape of RCC resulting in a dynamic and evolving scenario. There is an urgent need for predictive biomarkers of response to provide a personalized therapeutic strategy for individual patients. Objective: In this review, we focused on trials that investigated the administration of a PD-1 and PDL1 inhibitor alone or in combination with another agent and compared the different assays applied in each trial to evaluate the role of PD-L1 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker. Conclusion: So far, the use of PD-L1 expression alone is not sufficient to predict treatment response and present many limitations: the lack of consensus between different methodologies on biomarker assessment, the heterogeneity of PD-L1 between primary tumors and metastatic sites, different criteria of response to therapy (RECIST vs. irRECIST), the complex interplay with inflammatory components, previous treatments, administration of antibiotic therapy. Combinations of different biomarkers and biological features, such as gene expression associated with angiogenesis, immune response and myeloid inflammation are promising biological variables that need to be validated in the context of prospective clinical trials.

Prognostic Factors of Peripheral Facial Palsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Takemoto ◽  
Arata Horii ◽  
Yoshiharu Sakata ◽  
Hidenori Inohara
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy

scholarly journals MicroRNAs as biomarkers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Berlofa Visacri ◽  
Aline de Souza Nicoletti ◽  
Eder de Carvalho Pincinato ◽  
Patricia Moriel
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cell Immune Response ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus which was identified as the infectious agent responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can be potential biomarkers of several diseases. The aim of this scoping review was to identify which miRNAs could be biomarkers of COVID-19 and their roles. Methods. A literature search was performed based on PubMed, PubMed Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies published until January 28th, 2021. Animal and human studies that described miRNAs as biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19 were included. Studies with a purely computational approach were excluded. Results. A total of 1,797 records were identified, seven of which met the eligibility criteria. Six studies were conducted in humans (samples derived from blood) and one was performed in an animal model (lung tissue). The most important miRNAs identified were miR-195-5p, miR-618, miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-15b-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-155, miR-208a, miR-499, miR-103a-2-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-2115-3p, and members of the let-7 family. Among these miRNAs, miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-15b-5p, and members of the let-7 family may be important as they were deregulated in more than one study. Dysregulated miRNAs appear to play key roles in viral replication, proliferation of infected cells, immune response, inflammation, or cardiovascular dysfunction. Conclusion. MiRNAs may be used as potential diagnostic or severity biomarkers, predictive biomarkers, biomarkers of T-cell immune response, and as therapeutic targets of COVID-19. Further studies are required to investigate and validate the role of miRNAs as biomarkers of COVID-19.

The Role of Viral Infection in Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy

1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Djupesland ◽  
P. Berdal ◽  
T. A. Johannessen ◽  
M. Degre ◽  
R. Stien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy
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