scholarly journals Corrections and Additions to Descriptions of Some Species of the Subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)

Insects ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Bruno Rossaro ◽  
Laura Marziali ◽  
Giulia Magoga ◽  
Matteo Montagna ◽  
Angela Boggero
Keyword(s):  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Pupal Exuviae ◽  
First Time

The larvae of some species of the subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae) are here described for the first time with corrections and additions to the descriptions of adult males and pupal exuviae. The identification of larvae is generally not possible without association with pupal exuviae and/or adult males, so the descriptions here are based only on reared material or on pupae with the associated larval exuviae. Usually, Chironomidae larvae can be separated on the basis of morphometric characters, the most discriminant ones are: (1) the ratio between the width of median tooth of mentum (Dm) and the width of the first lateral tooth (Dl) = mental ratio (DmDl), (2) the ratio between the length of the first antennal segment (A1) and the combined length of segments 2–5 (A2–5) = antennal ratio (AR). The shape of mandible, maxilla, and other body parts are almost identical in all the species considered in this study. The larva of Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lignicola is very characteristic and can be separated by the shape of mentum and the larvae of all the known species of Symposiocladius are characterized by the presence of large Lauterborn organs on antennae and of tufts of setae on abdominal segments. The larvae of Orthocladius (Orthocladius) oblidens and Orthocladius (Orthocladius) rhyacobius can be distinguished from other species basing on their large Dm and to each other by AR. A principal component analysis was carried out using 5 characters: (1) Dm, (2) Dl, (3) length of A1, (4) width of A1 (A1W), (5) combined length of segments 2–5 (A2–5). The most discriminant characters were Dm and A1, confirming that DmDl and AR can be used to separate species at larval stage, but the large superposition of morphometric characters in different species confirms that association with pupal exuviae is in any case needed to identify larvae. In future perspective, the development of reference DNA barcodes from specimens identified by specialists is recommended since possibly the best tool for larvae identification, but association of barcodes with morphotypes is in any case fundamental.

scholarly journals Corrections and Additions to Descriptions of Some Species of the Subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rossaro ◽  
Laura Marziali ◽  
Giulia Magoga ◽  
Matteo Montagna ◽  
Angela Boggero
Keyword(s):  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Pupal Exuviae ◽  
First Time

The larvae of some species of the subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae) are here described for the first time with corrections and additions to the descriptions of adult males and pupal exuviae. The identification of larvae is generally not possible without association with their pupal exuviae and/or adult males, so the descriptions here are based only on reared material or on pupae with the associated larval exuviae. Usually, Chironomidae larvae can be separated on the basis of morphometric characters, and the most discriminant characters ones are: 1- the ratio between the width of median tooth of mentum (Dm) and the width of the first lateral tooth (Dl) = mental ratio (DmDl), 2- the ratio between the length of the first antennal segment (A1) and the combined length of segments 2-5 (A(2-5)2-5) = antennal ratio (AR). The shape of mandible, maxilla, and other body parts are almost identical in all the species considered in this study. The larva of Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lignicola is very characteristic and can be separated by the shape of mentum and the larvae of all the known species of Symposiocladius are characterized by the presence of large Lauterborn organs on antennae and of tufts of setae on abdominal segments. The larvae of Orthocladius (Orthocladius) oblidens and Orthocladius (Orthocladius) rhyacobius can be distinguished from other species basing on their large Dm and to each other by AR. A principal component analysis was carried out using 5 characters: 1- Dm, 2- Dl, 3- length of A1, 4- width of A1 (A1W), 5- combined length of segments 2-5 (A2-5). The most discriminant characters were Dm and A1, confirming that DmDl and AR can be used to separate species at larval stage, but the large superposition of morphometric characters in different species confirms that association with pupal exuviae is in any case needed to identify larvae. In future perspective, the development of reference DNA barcodes from specimens identified by specialists is recommended since possibly the best tool for larvae identification, but association of barcodes with morphotypes is in any case fundamental.

scholarly journals Revealing the identity of Mordellistena minima and M. pseudorhenana (Coleoptera: Mordellidae) based on re-examined type material and DNA barcodes, with new distributional records and comments on morphological variability

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Dávid Selnekovič ◽  
Katarína Goffová ◽  
Ján Kodada ◽  
Roberta Improta
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Stability ◽  
First Time

Abstract The current interpretation of two common European species, Mordellistena minima Costa, 1854 and M. pseudorhenana Ermisch, 1977, is based on misidentification. The confusion regarding the identity of the species is fixed based on the revised type material. Here, the species are redescribed, and diagnostic characters are provided. Mordellistena pseudorhenana is revalidated. Mordellistena emeryi Schilsky, 1895 is recognised as a new synonym of M. minima. Mordellistena sajoi Ermisch, 1977 is recognised as a new synonym of M. pseudorhenana. Lectotype and paralectotypes of M. emeryi are designated. Mordellistena pseudorhenana is reported for the first time from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, and Switzerland. Two morphotypes of M. pseudorhenana differing in size and shape of the parameres are recognised. Morphological differences are quantified and displayed using principal component analysis. In addition, DNA barcodes have been used for the first time in family Mordellidae to examine the divergences between the species and to interpret the morphological variability observed in M. pseudorhenana. Low genetic divergences did not provide the evidence for considering the morphotypes as separate species. The discrepancy between the morphological and molecular evidence raises questions about the efficiency of the CO1 gene for Mordellidae identification and the stability of morphological traits conventionally used for species separation.

Brazilian Pseudochironomini (Diptera: Chironomidae) Part 1. New Pseudochironomus Malloch from highlands

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4317 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIKA MAYUMI SHIMABUKURO ◽  
MATEUS PEPINELLI ◽  
SUSANA TRIVINHO-STRIXINO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Nj Tree ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

Four new species of Pseudochironomus Malloch were recorded in Brazilian highlands, three from Atlantic forest and one from Amazon Forest. Adult males and immature stages of Pseudochironomus ruah sp. n., P. jordensis sp. n. and adult males of P. mocidade sp. n., P. surianae sp. n. are described and illustrated. Adult males and females of P. ruah sp. n. were associated using DNA barcodes along with a NJ tree for all Pseudochironomini barcoding sequences publicly available. An emendation to generic diagnoses is provided, once it is the first time that thoracic acrostichals have been described for Pseudochironomus species. 

New species and records of the Pericoma trifasciata group from Croatia (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4486 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUNNAR MIKALSEN KVIFTE ◽  
MARIJA IVKOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
First Time

Pericoma miljenkoi sp. nov. is described based on adult males from the Plitvička jezera National Park, Croatia. Pericoma trifasciata is recorded from Croatia for the first time, and COI DNA barcodes are given from specimens collected in Germany. An emended key to adult Pericoma of the trifasciata group is presented. The Croatian Psychodidae fauna now stands at 35 species. 

Morphological description and DNA barcodes of adult males of Tanytarsus heliomesonyctios Langton, 1999 (Diptera, Chironomidae) in northeast of Russia

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4686 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
OKSANA V. OREL ◽  
ALEXANDER A. SEMENCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Lakes ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
Magadan Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kolyma River

An illustrated morphological description of the adult males of Tanytarsus heliomesonyctios Langton, 1999, is provided for the first time. The males were found in mountain lakes Bolshoi Darpir (Momsky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) and Momontai (Susumansky District of the Magadan Region), located in the Kolyma River basin. Females, pupae and larvae of T. heliomesonyctios was previously described from Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen (Norway) and Ellesmere Island (Arctic Canada), and considered parthenogenetic. Tanytarsus heliomesonyctios is here for the first time noted for the fauna of Russia. Comparison of DNA barcodes shows high K2P nucleotide distances (1.7%) between the sexual populations (Norway and Russia) and the parthenogenetic populations (Svalbard and Canada). In the Bayesian tree, the COI- sequences from adult males group as sister to a strongly supported clade of sequences from parthenogenetic populations. This apparently indicates a single origin of parthenogeneticity, perhaps due to extreme environmental conditions. 

scholarly journals Description of the larvae of Cricotopus festivellus (Kieffer 1906) and Cricotopus diversus (Boesel 1983) with keys to discrimination of larval, pupal and adult stages (Diptera: Chironomidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Hub Cuppen ◽  
Susan E. Gresens ◽  
David Tempelman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Pupal Exuviae ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
First Time

The larva of two very similar Cricotopus species are described for the first time: Cricotopus diversus (Nearctic) and C. festivellus, new description (West Palaearctic). Confusion can arise depending on the source used for identification of Nearctic Cricotopus. The key of LeSage and Harrison (1980) treated adults and exuviae of C. diversus as variants of C. festivellus. Subsequently Boesel (1983) formally described C. diversus and included it in keys to adult Cricotopus of the eastern United States. Adults of these species have been distinguished by consistent differences in the pigmentation on the fourth and fifth abdominal tergites; we also confirmed differences in the structure of the male hypopygium. Keys to larvae, pupal exuviae and adult males are presented. Publicly available DNA barcode records document C. diversus populations in the Mid-Atlantic US and Ontario, Canada, whereas barcode records of C. festivellus were available only for Scandinavia, although this species is widely distributed in Western Europe. These two species are genetically distinct, with 13% mean difference in barcode sequence between species. Both species are reported from rivers and lakes of relatively good water quality.

scholarly journals Neoprotoparmelia gen. nov. and Maronina (Lecanorales, Protoparmelioideae): species description and generic delimitation using DNA barcodes and phenotypical characters

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 19-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Singh ◽  
André Aptroot ◽  
Víctor J. Rico ◽  
Jürgen Otte ◽  
Pradeep K. Divakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subtropical Species

Multilocus phylogenetic studies revealed a high level of cryptic diversity within the lichen-forming fungal genus Maronina (Protoparmelioideae, Parmeliaceae). Coalescent-based species delimitation suggested that most of the cryptic molecular lineages warranted recognition as separate species. Here we study the morphology and chemistry of these taxa and formally describe eight new species based on phenotypical and molecular characters. Further, we evaluate the use of ITS rDNA as a DNA barcode for identifying species in this genus. For the first time, we obtained an ITS sequence of Maroninaaustraliensis, the type species of the genus and showed that it is phylogenetically not closely related to species currently placed in Maronina or Protoparmelia. We assembled a dataset of 66 ITS sequences to assess the interspecies genetic distances amongst the twelve Maronina species using ITS as DNA barcode. We found that Maronina and Protoparmelia form a supported monophyletic group whereas M.australiensis is sister to both. We therefore propose a new genus Neoprotoparmelia to accommodate the tropical-subtropical species within Protoparmelioideae, with Neoprotoparmeliacorallifera as the type, N.amerisidiata, N.australisidiata, N.brasilisidiata, N.capensis, N.crassa, N.pauli, N.plurisporibadia and N.siamisidiata as new species and N.capitata, N.isidiata, N.multifera, N.orientalis and N.pulchra as new proposed combinations. We provide a key to Neoprotoparmelia and confirm the use of ITS for accurately identifying species in this group.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

scholarly journals Hide-and-Seek with Tiny Neotenic Beetles in One of the Hottest Biodiversity Hotspots: Towards an Understanding of the Real Diversity of Jurasaidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Gabriel Biffi ◽  
Simone Policena Rosa ◽  
Robin Kundrata
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
First Time

Jurasaidae are a family of neotenic elateroid beetles which was described recently from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot based on three species in two genera. All life stages live in the soil, including the larviform females, and only adult males are able to fly. Here, we report the discovery of two new species, Jurasai miraculum sp. nov. and J. vanini sp. nov., and a new, morphologically remarkable population of J. digitusdei Rosa et al., 2020. Our discovery sheds further light on the diversity and biogeography of the group. Most species of Jurasaidae are known from the rainforest remnants of the Atlantic Forest, but here for the first time we report a jurasaid species from the relatively drier Atlantic Forest/Caatinga transitional zone. Considering our recent findings, minute body size and cryptic lifestyle of all jurasaids, together with potentially high numbers of yet undescribed species of this family from the Atlantic Forest and possibly also other surrounding ecoregions, we call for both field research in potentially suitable localities as well as for a detailed investigation of a massive amount of already collected but still unprocessed materials deposited in a number of Brazilian institutes, laboratories and collections.

Two new species and taxonomic notes on the Neotropical spiny orb-weaving spi-ders Micrathena and Chaetacis (Araneae: Araneidae), with remarks on the development of Micrathena excavata IVAN L. F. MAGALHÃES & ADALBERTO J. SANTOS (Brazil)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2983 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVAN L. F. MAGALHÃES ◽  
ADALBERTO J. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Brazilian Amazonia ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
First Time

In this paper, M. yanomami n. sp., from Brazilian Amazonia, Chaetacis bandeirante n. sp., from Central Brazil, and the males of M. gaujoni Simon, 1897 and M. ruschii (Mello-Leitão, 1945) n. comb. , respectively from Ecuador and Brazil, are described and illustrated for the first time. An ontogenetic series of the last development stages of both sexes of Micrathena excavata (C. L. Koch, 1836) is illustrated and briefly described. Adult females are larger and have longer legs and larger abdomens than adult males. Probably females undergo at least one additional moult before adulthood, compared to males. Micrathena ornata Mello-Leitão, 1932 is considered a junior synonym of M. plana (C. L. Koch, 1836), and M. mastonota Mello-Leitão 1940 is synonymized with M. horrida (Taczanowski, 1873). Acrosoma ruschii Mello-Leitão, 1945 is revalidated, transferred to Micrathena and considered a senior synonym of M. cicuta Gonzaga & Santos, 2004. Chaetacis necopinata (Chickering, 1960) is recorded for Brazil for the first time. Chaetacis incisa (Walckenaer, 1841) is considered a nomen dubium.

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