Revealing the identity of Mordellistena minima and M. pseudorhenana (Coleoptera: Mordellidae) based on re-examined type material and DNA barcodes, with new distributional records and comments on morphological variability

Abstract The current interpretation of two common European species, Mordellistena minima Costa, 1854 and M. pseudorhenana Ermisch, 1977, is based on misidentification. The confusion regarding the identity of the species is fixed based on the revised type material. Here, the species are redescribed, and diagnostic characters are provided. Mordellistena pseudorhenana is revalidated. Mordellistena emeryi Schilsky, 1895 is recognised as a new synonym of M. minima. Mordellistena sajoi Ermisch, 1977 is recognised as a new synonym of M. pseudorhenana. Lectotype and paralectotypes of M. emeryi are designated. Mordellistena pseudorhenana is reported for the first time from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, and Switzerland. Two morphotypes of M. pseudorhenana differing in size and shape of the parameres are recognised. Morphological differences are quantified and displayed using principal component analysis. In addition, DNA barcodes have been used for the first time in family Mordellidae to examine the divergences between the species and to interpret the morphological variability observed in M. pseudorhenana. Low genetic divergences did not provide the evidence for considering the morphotypes as separate species. The discrepancy between the morphological and molecular evidence raises questions about the efficiency of the CO1 gene for Mordellidae identification and the stability of morphological traits conventionally used for species separation.

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Corrections and Additions to Descriptions of Some Species of the Subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects13010051 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Bruno Rossaro ◽

Laura Marziali ◽

Giulia Magoga ◽

Matteo Montagna ◽

Angela Boggero

Keyword(s):

Antennal Segment ◽

Principal Component ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Body Parts ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Adult Males ◽

Separate Species ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Pupal Exuviae ◽

First Time

The larvae of some species of the subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae) are here described for the first time with corrections and additions to the descriptions of adult males and pupal exuviae. The identification of larvae is generally not possible without association with pupal exuviae and/or adult males, so the descriptions here are based only on reared material or on pupae with the associated larval exuviae. Usually, Chironomidae larvae can be separated on the basis of morphometric characters, the most discriminant ones are: (1) the ratio between the width of median tooth of mentum (Dm) and the width of the first lateral tooth (Dl) = mental ratio (DmDl), (2) the ratio between the length of the first antennal segment (A1) and the combined length of segments 2–5 (A2–5) = antennal ratio (AR). The shape of mandible, maxilla, and other body parts are almost identical in all the species considered in this study. The larva of Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lignicola is very characteristic and can be separated by the shape of mentum and the larvae of all the known species of Symposiocladius are characterized by the presence of large Lauterborn organs on antennae and of tufts of setae on abdominal segments. The larvae of Orthocladius (Orthocladius) oblidens and Orthocladius (Orthocladius) rhyacobius can be distinguished from other species basing on their large Dm and to each other by AR. A principal component analysis was carried out using 5 characters: (1) Dm, (2) Dl, (3) length of A1, (4) width of A1 (A1W), (5) combined length of segments 2–5 (A2–5). The most discriminant characters were Dm and A1, confirming that DmDl and AR can be used to separate species at larval stage, but the large superposition of morphometric characters in different species confirms that association with pupal exuviae is in any case needed to identify larvae. In future perspective, the development of reference DNA barcodes from specimens identified by specialists is recommended since possibly the best tool for larvae identification, but association of barcodes with morphotypes is in any case fundamental.

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Corrections and Additions to Descriptions of Some Species of the Subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)

10.20944/preprints202112.0146.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Rossaro ◽

Laura Marziali ◽

Giulia Magoga ◽

Matteo Montagna ◽

Angela Boggero

Keyword(s):

Antennal Segment ◽

Principal Component ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Body Parts ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Adult Males ◽

Separate Species ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Pupal Exuviae ◽

First Time

The larvae of some species of the subgenus Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera, Chironomidae) are here described for the first time with corrections and additions to the descriptions of adult males and pupal exuviae. The identification of larvae is generally not possible without association with their pupal exuviae and/or adult males, so the descriptions here are based only on reared material or on pupae with the associated larval exuviae. Usually, Chironomidae larvae can be separated on the basis of morphometric characters, and the most discriminant characters ones are: 1- the ratio between the width of median tooth of mentum (Dm) and the width of the first lateral tooth (Dl) = mental ratio (DmDl), 2- the ratio between the length of the first antennal segment (A1) and the combined length of segments 2-5 (A(2-5)2-5) = antennal ratio (AR). The shape of mandible, maxilla, and other body parts are almost identical in all the species considered in this study. The larva of Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lignicola is very characteristic and can be separated by the shape of mentum and the larvae of all the known species of Symposiocladius are characterized by the presence of large Lauterborn organs on antennae and of tufts of setae on abdominal segments. The larvae of Orthocladius (Orthocladius) oblidens and Orthocladius (Orthocladius) rhyacobius can be distinguished from other species basing on their large Dm and to each other by AR. A principal component analysis was carried out using 5 characters: 1- Dm, 2- Dl, 3- length of A1, 4- width of A1 (A1W), 5- combined length of segments 2-5 (A2-5). The most discriminant characters were Dm and A1, confirming that DmDl and AR can be used to separate species at larval stage, but the large superposition of morphometric characters in different species confirms that association with pupal exuviae is in any case needed to identify larvae. In future perspective, the development of reference DNA barcodes from specimens identified by specialists is recommended since possibly the best tool for larvae identification, but association of barcodes with morphotypes is in any case fundamental.

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Taxonomic Review of theCaudatella heterocaudata(McDunnough) andC. hystrix(Traver) Complexes (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae)

Psyche A Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1155/2010/493935 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luke M. Jacobus

Keyword(s):

Type Specimen ◽

Identification Key ◽

Western Montana ◽

Type Material ◽

New Combination ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Taxonomic Review ◽

New Synonym ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Comparative Examination

Caudatella columbiella(McDunnough, 1935), new combination, (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) is removed from synonymy withCaudatella heterocaudata(McDunnough, 1929), and a new junior synonym is recognized, based on comparative examination of type material and larval exuviae associated with adults from the type locale ofC. columbiella(=C. californica(Allen and Edmunds, 1961), new status, new synonym).Caudatella circia(Allen and Edmunds, 1961), new status, is recognized as a strict specific synonym ofC. heterocaudata(McDunnough, 1929) (=C. circia(Allen and Edmunds, 1961), new synonym). A neotype is designated forCaudatella hystrix(Traver, 1934), based on a specimen collected in Western Montana, USA, during June 2000. Morphological differences between the type specimen ofC. hystrixand the type specimens of its two junior synonyms,Ephemerella cascadiaAllen and Edmunds, 1961, andE. spinosaMayo, 1952, are detailed. An identification key for larvae of the genusCaudatellais included.

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The type material of Mordellidae described by Achille Costa (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4803.1.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4803 (1) ◽

pp. 42-50

Author(s):

DÁVID SELNEKOVIČ ◽

ROBERTA IMPROTA

Keyword(s):

Male Genitalia ◽

Complete List ◽

Type Material ◽

Valid Species ◽

Type Specimens ◽

New Synonym ◽

First Time

A complete list of the type material of Mordellidae described by Achille Costa is provided. Mordellistena picipes Costa, 1854 stat. restit. is restored as a valid species and a diagnostic description of the lectotype is given. Natirrica meridionalis Costa, 1854 is proposed as a new synonym of Mordellistena humeralis (Linnaeus, 1758). Lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated for the following taxa: Tomoxia bucephala Costa, 1854; Mordella coronata Costa, 1854 (= Variimorda villosa (Schrank, 1781)); M. interrupta Costa, 1854 (= Variimorda villosa (Schrank, 1781)); M. brevicauda Costa, 1854 (= M. brachyura Mulsant, 1856); M. perspicillata Costa, 1854 (= Mediimorda bipunctata Germar, 1827); M. viridescens Costa, 1859; Variimorda basalis (Costa, 1854); Mordellistena stricta Costa, 1854 (= M. pumila (Gyllenhal, 1810)); M. picipes Costa, 1854; M. confinis Costa, 1854; M. minima Costa, 1854; Natirrica meridionalis Costa, 1854 (= Mordellistena humeralis (Linnaeus, 1758)). The male genitalia of the Variimorda basalis lectotype are illustrated here for the first time. Photographs of the labels are provided for the type specimens.

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Taxonomic changes resulting from a review of the types of Australian Anoplognathini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) housed in Swedish natural history collections

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4908.2.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4908 (2) ◽

pp. 225-238

Author(s):

MATTHIAS SEIDEL ◽

CHRIS A.M. REID

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

The Other ◽

Type Material ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Natural History Collections ◽

New Synonym ◽

Senior Synonym ◽

Taxonomic Changes ◽

First Time ◽

Total Type

The type material of Australian Anoplognathini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) housed in Swedish natural history collections is reviewed, concerning three genera: Anoplognathus Leach, 1815, Amblyterus MacLeay, 1819, and Repsimus MacLeay, 1819. The species were described by G.J. Billberg, J.W. Dalman, L. Gyllenhal, C.J. Schönherr, O. Swartz, and C.P. Thunberg. The contemporary type material of W.S. MacLeay in the Macleay Museum, Sydney, is also examined as it has been overlooked by previous researchers. In total, type specimens for 12 species described between 1817 and 1822 were found in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet in Stockholm the Evolutionsmuseet in Uppsala and the Macleay Museum. Five of these species are valid: Anoplognathus brunnipennis, (Gyllenhal, 1817); A. olivieri (Schönherr & Dalman, 1817); A. porosus (Dalman, 1817); Amblyterus cicatricosus (Gyllenhal, 1817); and Repsimus manicatus (Swartz, 1817). The other seven species are junior synonyms, as follows (senior synonym first): A. brunnipennis = Rutela chloropyga Thunberg, 1822 (new synonym); A. olivieri = Rutela lacunosa Thunberg, 1822 (new synonym); A. viridiaeneus (Donovan, 1805) = A. latreillei (Schönherr & Gyllenhal, 1817); A. viriditarsus Leach, 1815 = Rutela analis Dalman, 1817; and R. manicatus = Anoplognathus brownii W.J. MacLeay, 1819 = A. dytiscoides W. J. MacLeay, 1819 = Rutela ruficollis Thunberg, 1822 (new synonym). Authorship of A. latreillei and A. olivieri is corrected, as noted above. Anoplognathus brunnipennis has been misidentified for the last 60 years at least, leading to the synonymy noted above. Anoplognathus flavipennis Boisduval, 1835 (revised status), is reinstated as the oldest available name for the misidentified A. brunnipennis and the types of A. flavipennis in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, are illustrated. Lectotypes are designated for: Anoplognathus brownii, A. flavipennis, A. dytiscoides, Melolontha cicatricosa, Rutela analis, R. brunnipennis, R. lacunosa, R. latreillei, R. manicata, R. olivieri, R. porosa, R. ruficollis, and R. chloropyga. Photographs of all type specimens examined are presented for the first time.

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Revision of Molopsis Schatzmayr (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichini), with descriptions of four new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3185.1.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3185 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

ROMAN LOHAJ ◽

BORISLAV GUÉORGUIEV ◽

GÉRARD DUBAULT ◽

BERNARD LASSALLE

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Female Genitalia ◽

Type Material ◽

Separate Species ◽

Male And Female ◽

First Time

The species belonging to the subgenus Molopsis Schatzmayr, 1943 of genus Tapinopterus Schaum, 1858 are revised. Thestudy is based on 372 specimens and includes, for each taxon, diagnosis, description (only for the new species), references,new distributional records and illustrations. Morphological characters of the male and female genitalia are widely used todelimit the separate species, the significance of some non-gonapophyseal genital structures of the females for the system-atics of Molopsis is explicitly emphasized. For the first time, the male genitalia of T. molopiformis, T. molopinus, T. wie-demanni, and T. rebellis, including also newly described species, as well as female genitalia of Molopsis are described andillustrated. All available type material is listed and represented by habitus photographs.As a result, 9 monotypic species of Molopsis are recognized. Tapinopterus rebellis (Chaudoir, 1868) and T. rebelliskumanensis (Reitter, 1884), formerly assigned to Molopsis are recognized as outgroup-taxa. The following new speciesare described: T. (Molopsis) aenigmaticus sp.nov. (Asian Turkey, „Armenia“ imprecise locality), T. (Molopsis) chaudoirisp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Bursa Villayet, Uludağ Mt., Sakarya (Adapazari) Villayet, Gökdağ Mt.), T. (Molopsis) oyukluensissp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Konya Villayet, Fasihan Pass), and T. (Molopsis) relegatus sp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Bolu Villayet,Mengen env., Dorukhan Pass). The following nomenclatural acts are also proposed: Tapinopterus (Molopsis) molopinus (Chaudoir, 1868) = Tapinopterus (Molopsis) dipojranus brussanus Straneo, 1984, syn.nov.; Tapinopterus (Molopsis)

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Comparative Floral Micromorphology in Mimosa sect. Calothamnos (Fabaceae)

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden ◽

10.3417/2021596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 106 ◽

pp. 271-291

Author(s):

Mariana C. Grohar ◽

Sonia Rosenfeldt ◽

Renée H. Fortunato ◽

Matías Morales

Keyword(s):

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Taxonomic Treatment ◽

Floral Micromorphology ◽

Species Groups ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Trichome Types ◽

First Time

The genus Mimosa L. is well known for its high morphological variability and the presence of taxonomic complexes—groups of taxa that are not adequately circumscribed and are therefore in continuous revision. For this study, we analyzed flowers from 28 different taxa in Mimosa sect. Calothamnos Barneby and five vegetatively similar taxa from Mimosa sect. Mimosa. We observed three calyx shapes and four (glabrous or pubescent) calyx border types, as well as describe glandular trichomes on the calyx border for the first time in section Calothamnos. While the corolla exhibits only two shape types, trichomes on the corolla are much more diverse, as we found one simple and 11 branched trichome types in diverse orientations and dispositions. Given the taxonomic value of trichomes and profuse terminology in different families, we focused on the detailed description of their micromorphology, type, and shape, finding morphological differences between trichome types, which is an easy way to adequately compare them between even unrelated taxa. Our results using trichome types on the corolla are consistent with the original differentiation of sections Calothamnos and Mimosa. Flower micromorphology also provides characters to distinguish species, groups of species, and varieties within section Calothamnos and could be useful in a future taxonomic treatment of the section. We also found that some floral features, such as inflorescence color and stamen fusion, are associated with the characters used in this study.

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Systematic revision of Brachypelma red-kneed tarantulas (Araneae : Theraphosidae), and the use of DNA barcodes to assist in the identification and conservation of CITES-listed species

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is16023 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 157 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jorge Mendoza ◽

Oscar Francke

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcoding ◽

Environmental Conservation ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Systematic Revision ◽

Human Interactions ◽

Large Numbers ◽

New Synonym ◽

In Captivity ◽

Morphological Differences

Mexican red-kneed tarantulas of the genus Brachypelma are regarded as some of the most desirable invertebrate pets, and although bred in captivity, they continue to be smuggled out of the wild in large numbers. Species are often difficult to identify based solely on morphology, therefore prompt and accurate identification is required for adequate protection. Thus, we explored the applicability of using COI-based DNA barcoding as a complementary identification tool. Brachypelma smithi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) and Brachypelma hamorii Tesmongt, Cleton & Verdez, 1997 are redescribed, and their morphological differences defined. Brachypelma annitha is proposed as a new synonym of B. smithi. The current distribution of red-kneed tarantulas shows that the Balsas River basin may act as a geographical barrier. Morphological and molecular evidence are concordant and together provide robust hypotheses for delimiting Mexican red-kneed tarantula species. DNA barcoding of these tarantulas is further shown to be useful for species-level identification and for potentially preventing black market trade in these spiders. As a Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) listing does not protect habitat, or control wildlife management or human interactions with organisms, it is important to support environmental conservation activities to provide an alternative income for local communities and to avoid damage to wildlife populations.

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Discovery of Eubasilissa signata Wiggins, 1998 (Trichoptera, Phryganeidae) from Taiwan

Zoosymposia ◽

10.11646/zoosymposia.14.1.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 103-107

Author(s):

RYOICHI B. KURANISHI ◽

LI-PENG HSU

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcode ◽

Species Group ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Single Female ◽

Separate Species ◽

Other Information ◽

Group A ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Male Morphology ◽

First Time

The phryganeid caddisfly Eubasilissa signata Wiggins, 1998 was originally described based on a single female specimen from Korea, and no other information on the species was available. Here we record an additional five male and five female specimens of E. signata from Taiwan and describe the male morphology for the first time. Based on morphological differences with other Eubasilissa species, E. signata should be regarded as a separate species and also not a member of the “tibetana” species group. A 658-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of the new specimens of E. signata is provided as a DNA barcode.

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Resurrection of the name Limnia testacea (Diptera: Sciomyzidae), with L. setosa as a new synonym, and the first record of L. testacea from Mongolia

Zoosystematica Rossica ◽

10.31610/zsr/2020.29.1.101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 101-108

Author(s):

J. Mortelmans

Keyword(s):

First Record ◽

Type Material ◽

Published Data ◽

New Synonym ◽

The Status ◽

Taxonomic Changes ◽

First Time

The status of the names Pherbina testacea (Sack, 1939) and Limnia setosa Yano, 1978 is revised based on the examination of the type material of both the species, additional specimens and an analysis of the published data. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Ph. testacea is returned to the genus Limnia, as Limnia testacea, comb. resurr., and L. setosa, syn. nov., is placed in synonymy with L. testacea. The records of L. testacea (under both names) are reviewed. Limnia testacea is recorded for the first time from Mongolia, which considerably extends the range of this species.

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