scholarly journals Further Development of Wear Calculation and Wear Reduction in Cold Forging Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Bernd-Arno Behrens ◽  
Kai Brunotte ◽  
Sven Hübner ◽  
Hendrik Wester ◽  
Felix Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Wear Calculation ◽  
Wear Reduction ◽  
Further Development

Tools are of strategic importance for industrial manufacturing processes. Their behaviour has a great influence on the productivity of the process and the quality of the product. A material saving and efficient technique for processing metallic workpieces is cold forging. One major challenge of this production method is the handling of high contact normal stresses in the tool contact, which can lead to severe tool wear. To investigate promising approaches for understanding wear modelling and wear reduction a demonstrator process based on the first stage of a total five-staged cold forging process for the manufacturing of a bolt anchor is considered in the scope of this research. This work aims at the further development of a numerical wear calculation based on an adapted Archard model in order to be able to realistically predict the tool wear in cold forging processes. Therefore, the material characterization of the used workpiece material as well as an investigation of the worn tool dies takes place to validate a numerical wear calculation model. Furthermore, this research addresses a reduction in wear by identifying critical areas and changing the inlet geometry of the investigated demonstrator tool die. This way, conclusions can be drawn about the wear sensitivity during numerical process design, and particularly critical areas can be geometrically modified in terms of the design.

Smart FE-Based Tool Design in Cold Forging

2014 ◽  
Vol 1018 ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Kolja Andreas ◽  
Christoph Kiener ◽  
Ulf Engel ◽  
Marion Merklein
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Tool Design ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Elastic Behaviour ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Die Material ◽  
Tool Stresses

In cold forging, the forming tool takes a key role as it determines accuracy and efficiency of forming process. The present study focuses on the FE based analysis of the influence of die material, interference within prestressing and die splitting on the stress state in and the elastic behaviour of the forming tool. The results reveal a great influence of the workpiece material and the tool layout on the outcome of the forming process and the corresponding tool stresses.

scholarly journals Tool Wear Reduction Effect of Ca Sulfonate in Cutting Oil for Hobbing.

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (644) ◽  
pp. 1341-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori MATSUOKA ◽  
Hajime ONO ◽  
Yoshihiro TSUDA ◽  
Kouki GOTO
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Wear Reduction ◽  
Reduction Effect

scholarly journals Influence of Hob Geometry on Tool Wear Reduction Effect of Lubricating Additives in Cutting Oil.

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (636) ◽  
pp. 3444-3451
Author(s):  
Hironori MATSUOKA ◽  
Hajime ONO ◽  
Yoshihiro TSUDA ◽  
Kouki GOTO
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Wear Reduction ◽  
Reduction Effect

scholarly journals Influence of Workpiece Material on Tool Wear Performance and Tribofilm Formation in Machining Hardened Steel

Lubricants ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Yuan ◽  
Jeremy Boyd ◽  
Danielle Covelli ◽  
Taib Arif ◽  
German Fox-Rabinovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Wear Performance

Audio-Based Condition Monitoring in Milling of the Workpiece Material With the Hardness Variation Using Support Vector Machines and Convolutional Neural Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achyuth Kothuru ◽  
Sai Prasad Nooka ◽  
Rui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Support Vector Machines ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Artificial Intelligent ◽  
Tool Condition ◽  
Hardness Variation ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Audible Sound

Machining industry has been evolving towards implementation of automation into the process for higher productivity and efficiency. Although many studies have been conducted in the past to develop intelligent monitoring systems in various application scenarios of machining processes, most of them just focused on cutting tools without considering the influence due to the non-uniform hardness of workpiece material. This study develops a compact, reliable, and cost-effective intelligent Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) model to detect the cutting tool wear in machining of the workpiece material with hardness variation. The generated audible sound signals during the machining process will be analyzed by state of the art artificial intelligent techniques, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to predict the tool condition and the hardness variation of the workpiece. A four-level classification model is developed for the system to detect the tool wear condition based on the width of the flank wear land and hardness variation of the workpiece. The study also involves comparative analysis between two employed artificial intelligent techniques to evaluate the performance of models in predicting the tool wear level condition and workpiece hardness variation. The proposed intelligent models have shown a significant prediction accuracy in detecting the tool wear and from the audible sound into the proposed multi-classification wear class in the end-milling process of non-uniform hardened workpiece.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS IN UKRAINE AND ABROAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (20) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
A.M. Kulish ◽  
V.V. Turpitko
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Further Development

Sport has always served to establish peace, to help different peoples of the world to study each other’s culture, to create conditions for the humane resolution of conflicts, to be an opportunity to express their talents. Therefore, he never fell out of sight of society. In this work, the authors present the formation and development of sports in Ukraine and abroad. The main features of the primitive community were identified. It is determined that the invention of the chariot for the physical culture of the states: Babylon, Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Ancient India, China, Persia became the starting point for the further development of sports in this region. It has been found that ancient Greece made a significant contribution to the development of sports. After all, it was the basis of the main principles of modern professional sport. Attention is drawn to the Olympic Games that took place in Ancient Greece: their appearance, conditions, prohibition, and revival Pierre de Coubertin. Further new competitions (Paralympic Games, Olympic Games, etc.) were added to them. It is revealed that international organizations and institutions have been set up to control such competitions. The authors found that religion had a great influence on the formation of physical culture during the Middle Ages and during the Renaissance. Trends in the development of modern sport and the factors that influence it was found out. As a result, it was concluded that sports are currently in the process of transformation. Therefore, the authors indicate what has the greatest influence on the formation and continued existence of sports. The main stages of the formation of physical culture in Ukraine were analyzed. It is also established that Ukraine has built a domestic sport in accordance with world experience in this field. Keywords: sports, physical culture, Olympics, doping, consolidating function.

Effect of minimum quantity lubrication and vortex tube cooling on laser-assisted micromilling of a difficult-to-cut steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (11) ◽  
pp. 1422-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushparghya Deb Kuila ◽  
Shreyes Melkote
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Vortex Tube ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Burr Formation ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Minimum Quantity ◽  
Tool Condition ◽  
Cooling Methods

Laser-assisted micromilling is a promising micromachining process for difficult-to-cut materials. Laser-assisted micromilling uses a laser to thermally soften the workpiece in front of the cutting tool, thereby lowering the cutting forces, improving the dimensional accuracy, and reducing the tool wear. Thermal softening, however, causes the workpiece material to adhere to the tool and form a built-up edge. To mitigate this problem and to enhance micromachinability of the workpiece in laser-assisted micromilling, this article investigates the following lubrication and cooling methods: (1) minimum quantity lubrication and (2) vortex tube cooling. Experiments utilizing the two methods are carried out on a difficult-to-cut stainless steel (A286), and the surface morphology, tool condition, burr formation, groove dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and cutting forces are analyzed. Results show that the combination of laser-assisted micromilling and minimum quantity lubrication yields the least amount of tool wear, lower resultant force, better groove dimensional accuracy, and no built-up edge. While vortex tube cooling with laser-assisted micromilling produces smaller burrs compared to minimum quantity lubrication, it yields larger changes in groove dimensions and is characterized by built-up edge formation. Possible physical explanations for the experimental observations are given.

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