scholarly journals Chromoblastomycosis in an Endemic Area of Brazil: A Clinical-Epidemiological Analysis and a Worldwide Haplotype Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Daniel Wagner C. L. Santos ◽  
Vania Aparecida Vicente ◽  
Vinicius Almir Weiss ◽  
G. Sybren de Hoog ◽  
Renata R. Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Expansion ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Standard Report ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mean Time

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a neglected implantation mycosis prevalent in tropical climate zones, considered an occupational disease that affects impoverished rural populations. This retrospective study described clinical aspects of CBM in a hyperendemic area in Brazil and constructed a worldwide haplotype network of Fonsecaea spp. strains. The variables were collected from medical records using a standard report form, reporting 191 patients with CBM from Maranhão, Brazil. The mean age was 56.1 years, 168 (88%) patients were male and predominantly farmers (85.8%). The mean time of evolution of the disease until diagnosis was 9.4 years. Lower limbs (81.2%) and upper limbs (14.2%) were the main sites affected. Most patients exhibited verrucous (55%) and infiltrative plaque (48.2%). Fonsecaea spp. were identified in 136 cases and a haplotype network constructed with ITS sequences of 185 global strains revealed a total of 59 haplotypes exhibiting high haplotypic and low nucleotide diversities. No correlation was observed between the different haplotypes of Fonsecaea species and dermatological patterns, severity of disease or geographic distribution inside Maranhão. Data from this area contributed to better understanding the epidemiology of CBM. For the first time, a robust haplotype network with Fonsecaea strains reveals an evolutionary history with a recent population expansion.

Time to Resolution of Triggering after Steroid Injection for First Presentation Trigger Digits

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Ryan Siqi Yak ◽  
Anna-Carin Lundin ◽  
Poi Hoon Tay ◽  
Alphonsus KS. Chong ◽  
Sandeep Jacob Sebastin
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Steroid Injection ◽  
Alternative Treatments ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Grade Iii

Background: Steroid injection is a proven treatment for trigger digits. The time taken for resolution of triggering following an injection is a question often asked by patients and one that has not been adequately addressed in existing literature. The aim of this study was to determine the time taken for triggering to resolve after a single steroid injection in patients presenting for the first time with a trigger digit. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in patients with first presentation of a grade II or grade III trigger digit(s) that received a steroid injection. Data with regards to age, gender, digit(s) involved, duration of symptoms, trigger grade, and presence of diabetes were collected. They were given a stamped addressed postcard with instructions to fill in the date that the triggering resolved and mail the postcard back to us. If the postcard was not received at three weeks, we contacted the patient by telephone to ask for the date of resolution of trigger. Results: 56 patients with 66 trigger digits were included in the study. 52 out of 66 digits (79%) had resolution of the trigger at one month. The mean duration for resolution of trigger was 8.8 days (range 1–30 days). Conclusions: Patients can be counselled that a steroid injection is effective in resolving the trigger in 79% of trigger digits presenting for the first time and that the mean time taken for resolution of triggering is 8.8 days. It is recommended to wait for at least one month before considering another injection or alternative treatments.

scholarly journals Using the Portuguese version of the Bicultural Scale in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Carlos Zubaran ◽  
Katia Foresti ◽  
Karina Nunes Persch
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Brazilian Culture ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Introduction: Brazil has received influxes of people, mainly from Africa, Europe and Japan, forming one of the most heterogeneous populations in the world. Some groups, particularly in Southern Brazil, have retained their original cultural traditions, whilst acquiring elements of the typical local Brazilian cultural identity. This is the first study designed to formally evaluate biculturality in Brazil. Objective: To psychometrically assess and validate the Portuguese version of the Bicultural Scale (BS) in Brazil. Methods: The BS was adapted and translated to Portuguese and tested for the first time in Brazil in a sample of descendants (n = 160) from four immigrant groups and respective locations in Southern Brazil. A series of psychometric tests were conducted in order to examine the validity of the Portuguese version of the BS. Analyses of variance across scores for all subgroups were also conducted. Results: Factor analysis revealed two main factors contributing to most of the variance in scores. The 10 items measuring affiliation with minority cultural characteristics and the typical Brazilian culture yielded Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.69 and 0.78 respectively, whereas the overall Cronbach's alpha for all 20 items of the BS was 0.67. There was a significant correlation between items related to the typical Brazilian culture and the generation since immigration of research participants (r = 0.23, p = 0.004). The mean time taken to complete the questionnaire was 7.4 minutes. Conclusion: The results indicate that the Portuguese version of the BS is a valid, reliable and easy-to-use instrument to assess biculturality experienced by descendants of immigrants in southern Brazil.

Reliability analysis of an extended shock model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1748006X2098779
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Poursaeed
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Probability Generating Function ◽  
Reliability Function ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Shock Model ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Shock Models ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mean Time

Suppose that a system is subject to a sequence of shocks which occur with probability p in any period of time [Formula: see text], and suppose that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are two critical levels ([Formula: see text]). The system fails when the time interval between two consecutive shocks is less than [Formula: see text], and the time interval bigger than [Formula: see text] has no effect on the system activity. In addition, the system fails with a probability of, say, [Formula: see text], when the time interval varies between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Therefore, this model can be regarded as an extension of discrete time version of [Formula: see text]-shock model, and such an idea can be also applied in the extension of other shock models. The present study obtains the reliability function and the probability generating function of the system’s lifetime under this model. The present study offers some properties of the system and refers to a generalization of the new model. In addition, the mean time of the system’s failure is obtained under reduced efficiency which is created when the time between two consecutive shocks varies between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the first time.

Evaluation of lipopolysaccharide and capsular polysaccharide as subunit vaccines against experimental melioidosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1177-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Nelson ◽  
Joann L Prior ◽  
M Stephen Lever ◽  
Helen E Jones ◽  
Timothy P Atkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Polysaccharide Antigens ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Human Vaccine

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in endemic regions. Currently there is no human vaccine against melioidosis. In this study, LPS or capsular polysaccharide was used to immunize BALB/c mice. The different polysaccharide antigens induced antibody responses. Mice vaccinated with LPS developed predominantly IgM and IgG3 responses. Contrastingly, mice vaccinated with capsular polysaccharide developed a predominantly IgG2b response. After immunization, mice were challenged by the intra-peritoneal route and an increased mean time to death was observed compared with unvaccinated controls. Immunization with LPS provided an optimal protective response. Mice challenged by the aerosol route showed a small increase in the mean time to death compared with the unvaccinated controls. The passive transfer of antigen from immunized into naïve mice provided protection against a subsequent challenge. This study is the first time antigens protective by active immunization have been identified and suggests that polysaccharides have potential as vaccine candidates against melioidosis.

Does the Ambulance Environment Adversely Affect the Ability to Perform Oral Endotracheal Intubation?

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Gough ◽  
Stephen H. Thomas ◽  
Lawrence H. Brown ◽  
James E. Reese ◽  
C. Keith Stone
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Emergency Medical Technicians ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Restrictive Environment ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Student’S T Test

AbstractObjective:Oral endotracheal intubation (ETI) is the preferred method of controlling the airway in critically ill or injured patients. It was postulated that time could be saved if intubation was performed in the ambulance en route to the hospital. This study was designed to determine whether the ambulance environment adversely affected the ability of emergency medical technicians at the advanced-intermediate level (EMT-AI) to perform oral ETI.Hypothesis:The restrictive environment of a moving ambulance would affect adversely the ability of EMT-AIs to perform ETI compared with a controlled setting. This would result in a significant increase in the time necessary to perform ETI in the ambulance compared with a controlled setting not complicated by restrictive space and motion.Methods:Twenty on-duty EMT-AIs were recruited to volunteer for this prospective, nonrandomized, nonblinded trial. All participants performed three consecutive oral ETIs on an airway mannequin in two settings: 1) in the back of a moving ambulance; and 2) on a table in the rescue squad station. Of the participants, 10 performed the intubations in the ambulance first; the remainder performed the intubations at the station first. Time for intubation with the mannequin was recorded by stopwatch. The mean times for intubation in both settings were compared by Student's t-test (p<0.05).Results:All intubation attempts were successful. The mean time for intubation in the station was 13.0±3.4 seconds. The mean time in the ambulance setting was 13.2±5.3 seconds. There was no significant difference between the intubation times in the two settings (p = 0.88).Conclusion:The environment of a moving ambulance does not appear to hinder the ability of EMT-AIs to perform oral ETI in a laboratory setting with a mannequin model.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the banded butterflyfish, Chaetodon striatus, indicates high connectivity between biogeographic provinces and ecosystems in the western Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M.R. Liedke ◽  
Hudson T. Pinheiro ◽  
Sergio R. Floeter ◽  
Giacomo Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Population Expansion ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Recent Population Expansion ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces ◽  
The Caribbean

ABSTRACT Among the four butterflyfishes of the genus Chaetodon present in the western Atlantic, the banded butterflyfish Chaetodon striatus has the largest distribution range, spanning 44 degrees of latitude (from Massachusetts, USA to Santa Catarina, Brazil). Although the ecology of the banded butterflyfish has been well studied over its entire range, nothing is known about its phylogeography and how biogeographic barriers structure its populations. To assess the level of genetic connectivity among populations from distinct biogeographic provinces and environmental conditions, we collected samples from seven localities: Puerto Rico, in the Caribbean, and Tamandaré, Salvador, Abrolhos, Trindade Island, Arraial do Cabo and Florianópolis, in Brazil. One nuclear (rag 2) and two mitochondrial (control region and cyt b) molecular markers were sequenced. Our findings are consistent with a recent population expansion, around 30-120 thousand years ago, which was found for all populations. Haplotype network analyses point to the Caribbean as a refugium before the population expansion. Results show no geographic pattern of genetic diversity. Indeed, a lack of population structure was found and no isolation was observed across oceanographic barriers, as well as between coral and rocky reef ecosystems. Furthermore, no directionality in the migration pattern was found among populations. Since ecological and environmental characteristics are very diverse across such a vast geographic range, the lack of genetic differentiation suggests that C. striatus evolved ecological plasticity rather than local adaptation in the western Atlantic.

scholarly journals Avaliação da drenagem linfática manual no pós-parto imediato

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (25) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Laura Sylvia Cataldo Oportus ◽  
Lilian De Paiva Rodrigues ◽  
José Maria Pereira de Godoy ◽  
Silvia Helena Frota Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Manual Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Total Movement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mean Time

Resumo: Avaliamos a eficácia da drenagem linfática manual no pós-parto imediato em relação ao melhoramento no grau de disposição da mãe a partir da sala de recuperação pós- anestésica, através de um estudo prospectivo com grupo controle, quantitativo, com 20 parturientes no pós-parto imediato de cesariana. O tempo médio para movimentação total dos membros inferiores no grupo caso foi 55 minutos e no grupo controle foi 111,8 minutos (p>0,045). Houve diferença entre as medidas de PA e FC a partir da terceira medida (45 minutos após admissão), com valores menores para PA sistólica e FC no grupo que recebeu Drenagem Linfática Manual (p=0,048 e p=0,030 respectivamente). A avaliação 24 horas após o parto revelou que o tempo para deambulação no grupo caso foi menor do que no grupo controle, com significância estatística (p=0,04). Todos estes indicadores contribuíram no seu autocuidado e cuidados com seu bebe.Descritores: Drenagem, Sistema Linfático, Cesárea. Evaluation of manual lymphatic drainage in the immediate postpartum periodAbstract: We evaluated the efficacy of manual lymphatic drainage in the immediate postpartum period in relation to the improvement in the rate of mother's mood from the post-anesthetic recovery room through a prospective study with a quantitative control group with 20 immediate postpartum women cesarean parturition. The mean time for total movement of the lower limbs in the case group was 55 minutes and in the control group it was 111.8 minutes (p>0.045). There were differences between BP and HR from the third measurement (45 minutes after admission), with lower values for systolic BP and HR in the group receiving Manual Lymphatic Drainage (p=0.048 and p=0.030, respectively). The 24 hours postpartum evaluation revealed that the time for ambulation in the case group was lower than in the control group, with statistical significance (p=0.04). All of these indicators have contributed to your self-care and caring for your baby.Descriptors: Drainage, Lymphatic System, Cesarean Parturition. Evaluación del drenaje linfático manual en el postparto inmediatoResumen: Evaluamos la eficacia del drenaje linfático manual en el posparto inmediato en relación al mejoramiento en el grado de disposición de la madre a partir de la sala de recuperación post anestésica, a través de un estudio prospectivo con grupo control, cuantitativo, con 20 parturientas en el post parto inmediato de cesárea. El tiempo promedio para el movimiento total de los miembros inferiores en el grupo caso fue 55 minutos y en el grupo control fue 111,8 minutos (p>0,045). Hubo una diferencia entre las medidas de PA y FC a partir de la tercera medida (45 minutos después de la admisión), con valores menores para PA sistólica y FC en el grupo que recibió Drenaje Linfático Manual (p=0,048 y p=0,030 respectivamente). La evaluación 24 horas después del parto reveló que el tiempo para deambulación en el grupo caso fue menor que en el grupo control, con significancia estadística (p=0,04). Todos estos indicadores contribuyeron en su autocuidado y cuidados con su bebé.Descriptores: Drenaje, Sistema Linfático, Cesariana.

Untersuchungen zur Quantifizierung der Änderung der Skelettmuskeldurchblutung nach Gefäßrevaskularisationen mit einem 99mTechnetiummarkierten Tracer

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (05) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Benning ◽  
K. Nagel ◽  
M. Jugenheimer ◽  
S. Fischer ◽  
S. Worthmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transluminal Angioplasty ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
First Time ◽  
Percutaneous Transluminal

A new 99mTc-labelled tracer (99mTc-Sestanriibi) was used for the first time to demonstrate the perfusion of the skeletal muscle. In 16 patients with obstructive atherosclerosis of the lower limbs the change of perfusion of thigh and lower leg was studied with SPECT before and after vascular surgery (n = 11) or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (n = 5). Comparative results of scintigraphic measurements and clinical observations (ancle-arm pressure, treadmill test) in 10 surgical patients (14 operated legs) showed correct positive or negative results in 86% (12/14).

Predicting Daily Maintenance Dose of Fluindione, an Oral Anticoagulant Drug

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 731-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Cazaux ◽  
B Gauthier ◽  
A Elias ◽  
D Lefebvre ◽  
J Tredez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complication ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Anticoagulant Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Daily Maintenance Dose

SummaryDue to large inter-individual variations, the dose of vitamin K antagonist required to target the desired hypocoagulability is hardly predictible for a given patient, and the time needed to reach therapeutic equilibrium may be excessively long. This work reports on a simple method for predicting the daily maintenance dose of fluindione after the third intake. In a first step, 37 patients were delivered 20 mg of fluindione once a day, at 6 p.m. for 3 consecutive days. On the morning of the 4th day an INR was performed. During the following days the dose was adjusted to target an INR between 2 and 3. There was a good correlation (r = 0.83, p<0.001) between the INR performed on the morning of day 4 and the daily maintenance dose determined later by successive approximations. This allowed us to write a decisional algorithm to predict the effective maintenance dose of fluindione from the INR performed on day 4. The usefulness and the safety of this approach was tested in a second prospective study on 46 patients receiving fluindione according to the same initial scheme. The predicted dose was compared to the effective dose soon after having reached the equilibrium, then 30 and 90 days after. To within 5 mg (one quarter of a tablet), the predicted dose was the effective dose in 98%, 86% and 81% of the patients at the 3 times respectively. The mean time needed to reach the therapeutic equilibrium was reduced from 13 days in the first study to 6 days in the second study. No hemorrhagic complication occurred. Thus the strategy formerly developed to predict the daily maintenance dose of warfarin from the prothrombin time ratio or the thrombotest performed 3 days after starting the treatment may also be applied to fluindione and the INR measurement.

RESULTS OF INTRALESIONAL TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE FOR CHALAZION TREATMENT

2011 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Viet Hien Vo ◽  
Thi Em Do
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Interventional Trial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The study use intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection proceduce for chalazion treatment.1. Objectives: To evaluate results of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment. 2. Method: This noncomparative prospective interventional trial included 72 chalazions of 61 patients. 3. Results: 61 patients (72 chalazions) with 19 males (31.1%) và 42 females (68.9%), the mean age was 24 ± 9,78 years. 31.1% patients was the first time chalazion and 68.9% patients was more than one times chalazion including 78.6% patients was recurrent at the first position and 21.4% patients occur at new position. 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions was treated before and 56 (77.8%) chalazions wasn’t done that. 72 chalazions with 49 chalazions (68.1%) are local in upper eyelid and 23 chalazions (31.9%) are local in lower eyelid. The mean of chalazion diameter is 6.99 ± 3.03mm. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is injected to treat 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions are injected through the route of skin and 56 (77.8%) chalazions are injected through the route of conjunctiva. After 2 weeks follow-up, the success rate was 93.1% and 6.9% failed. 4. Conclusion: intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment is really effective. Key words: chalazion, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide.

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