scholarly journals Taguchi Method and Response Surface Methodology in the Treatment of Highly Contaminated Tannery Wastewater Using Commercial Potassium Ferrate

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violetta Kozik ◽  
Krzysztof Barbusinski ◽  
Maciej Thomas ◽  
Agnieszka Sroda ◽  
Josef Jampilek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Potassium Ferrate

The potential implementation of Envifer®, a commercial product containing potassium ferrate (40.1% K2FeO4), for the purification of highly contaminated tannery wastewater from leather dyeing processes was proposed. The employment of the Taguchi method for optimization of experiments allowed the discoloration (98.4%), chemical oxygen demand (77.2%), total organic carbon (75.7%), and suspended solids (96.9%) values to be lowered using 1.200 g/L K2FeO4 at pH 3 within 9 min. The application of the central composite design (CCD) and the response surface methodology (RSM) with the use of 1.400 g/L K2FeO4 at pH 4.5 diminished the discoloration, the chemical oxygen demand, the total organic carbon, and suspended solids within 9 min. The Taguchi method is suitable for the initial implementation, while the RSM is superior for the extended optimization of wastewater treatment processes.

scholarly journals Effective Chromium Adsorption From Aqueous Solutions and Tannery Wastewater Using Bimetallic Fe/Cu Nanoparticles: Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117862212110281
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Mahmoud ◽  
Nouran Y. Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed K. Mostafa ◽  
Mohamed S. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Cr Removal

Tannery industrial effluent is one of the most difficult wastewater types since it contains a huge concentration of organic, oil, and chrome (Cr). This study successfully prepared and applied bimetallic Fe/Cu nanoparticles (Fe/Cu NPs) for chrome removal. In the beginning, the Fe/Cu NPs was equilibrated by pure aqueous chrome solution at different operating conditions (lab scale), then the nanomaterial was applied in semi full scale. The operating conditions indicated that Fe/Cu NPs was able to adsorb 68% and 33% of Cr for initial concentrations of 1 and 9 mg/L, respectively. The removal occurred at pH 3 using 0.6 g/L Fe/Cu dose, stirring rate 200 r/min, contact time 20 min, and constant temperature 20 ± 2ºC. Adsorption isotherm proved that the Khan model is the most appropriate model for Cr removal using Fe/Cu NPs with the minimum error sum of 0.199. According to khan, the maximum uptakes was 20.5 mg/g Cr. Kinetic results proved that Pseudo Second Order mechanism with the least possible error of 0.098 indicated that the adsorption mechanism is chemisorption. Response surface methodology (RSM) equation was developed with a significant p-value = 0 to label the relations between Cr removal and different experimental parameters. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were performed with a structure of 5-4-1 and the achieved results indicated that the effect of the dose is the most dominated variable for Cr removal. Application of Fe/Cu NPs in real tannery wastewater showed its ability to degrade and disinfect organic and biological contaminants in addition to chrome adsorption. The reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), Cr, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and oil reached 61.5%, 49.5%, 44.8%, 100%, 38.9%, 96.3%, 88.7%, and 29.4%, respectively.

Study on the Photochemical Decolorization of Orange II by Natural Goethite

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 480-483
Author(s):  
Wei Li Zhou ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Jie Kuang ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Jin Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Decolorization Efficiency

The decolorization of Orange II in goethite/UV system was investigated. It was discovered that the optimum condition is: pH=3, [α-FeOOH]=0.5 g/L, [Orange II]=10 mg/L. Furthermore, the absorption of Orange II on goethite, and the effect of pH values, goethite dosage and carboxylate on the decolorization were investigated. The decolorization efficiency was 90% after 6h irradiation when the concentration of pyruvic acid was 1.0mmol/L, α-FeOOH concentration was 0.3 g/L, and Orange II concentration was 10 mg/L at pH 3.0. Besides, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were determined, and a possible reaction mechanism was prompted as well.

Optimisation of chemical oxygen demand removal from landfill leachate by sonocatalytic degradation in the presence of cupric oxide nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paria Amirian ◽  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Abolfazl Payandeh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles

Leachate is the liquid formed when waste breaks down in the landfill and water filters through that waste. This liquid is very toxic and can pollute the land, ground water, and water resources. In most countries, it is mandatory for landfills to be protected against leachate. In addition to all other harms to the environment, disposal of raw landfill leachate can be a major source of hazard to closed water bodies. Hence, treatment of landfill leachate is considered an essential step prior to its discharge from source. This article describes the sonocatalytic degradation of chemical oxygen demand in landfill leachate using cupric oxide nanoparticles as sonocatalyst (cupric oxide/ultrasonic) and aims to establish this method as an effective alternative to currently used approaches. An ideal experimental design was carried out based on a central composite design with response surface methodology. The response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of process variables including pH values (3, 7, 11), cupric oxide nanoparticles dose (0.02, 0.035, 0.05 g), reaction time (10, 35, 60 minutes), ultrasonic frequency (35, 37, 130 KHz), and their interaction towards the attainment of their optimum conditions. The derived second-order model, including both significant linear and quadratic terms, seemed to be adequate in predicting responses (R2 = 0.9684 and prediction R2 = 0.9581). The optimum conditions for the maximum chemical oxygen demand sonocatalytic degradation of 85.82% were found to be pH 6.9, cupric oxide nanoparticles dosage of 0.05 gr L−1, and the ultrasonic frequency of 130 kHz at a contact time of 10 min.

scholarly journals An investigation on treatment of tannery wastewater by electrocoagulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-555 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Contact Duration ◽  
A Value ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Treatability by the electro-coagulation (EC) and electro-Fenton (EF) methods have been applied to the tannery wastewater from an organized industrial region consisting mostly of tannery plants and compared with each other in this study. Iron plates were used as the anode and cathode. Electrical current was applied at a value of 33.3 mA m-2 for all processes in order to determine the electricity consumptions for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulfide removal. The optimal contact duration for each process was discovered at the end of the first five minutes. During the EC process, the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfide were 46% and 90%, respectively. Electricity consumptions were also obtained as 1.8 kWh kg- 1 COD removed and 27.7 kWh kg-1 sulfide removed. During the EF process, on the other hand, the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfide parameters were 54% and 85%, respectively, and electricity consumptions were also obtained as 1.5 kWh kg-1 COD removed and 8.3 kWh kg-1 sulfide removed. Furthermore, the removal efficiencies of total Chrome and suspended solids were determined to be 97% and 70%, respectively.

Humus transformation at the bank filtration water plant

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. Miettinen ◽  
P. J. Martikainen ◽  
T. Vartiainen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Bank Filtration ◽  
Water Plant

Transformations in the amount and quality of organic matter (humus) during bank filtration of surface water were studied by analyzing the changes in total organic carbon (TOC), non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), color of water, and UV absorbing humus fractions. The amount of organic matter expressed as TOC, NPOC, and COD depended on temperature and filtration distance from lake water. The color of water and the UV absorbing humus peaks presenting different humus molecule fractions decreased more effectively than other parameters measuring the amount of organic matter in water. The ratio of COD to TOC decreased when the filtration distance of water increased. Our observations indicated that bank filtration of humus-rich lake water changed more the quality of organic matter than its total amount.

Effect of commercial xylanases applied at extreme conditions in a eucalyptus pulp mill

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
URSULA FILLAT ◽  
M. BLANCA RONCERO ◽  
ALEXANDRE BASSA ◽  
VERA MARIA SACÓN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Eucalyptus Pulp

In this study, we examined the effect of treating eucalyptus pulp with various commercial xylanases to identify the most effective enzyme for use under the industrial bleaching conditions used at the Jacareí mill of the Brazilian firm Fibria, which include a high pH and temperature. Based on the results, the use of two of the nine enzymes studied reduced the kappa number by 1.5 units, increased brightness by 2.5% ISO, and decreased hexenuronic acids (HexA) content by more than 10 μmol/g relative to a control treatment in the absence of enzyme. The most marked changes in brightness were observed on application of an oxidative D stage to enzyme-treated pulp samples. Finally, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), color, and turbidity of the effluents obtained at the end of the processes involving the enzymes were all higher than in the control process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document