scholarly journals Fresh and Hardened Properties of Portland Cement-Slag Concrete Activated Using the By-Product of the Liquid Crystal Display Manufacturing Process

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4354
Author(s):  
Sung Choi ◽  
Sukhoon Pyo
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Compounds ◽  
Alkaline Activator ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
Highly Porous

This experimental research investigated the applicability of the liquid crystal display (LCD) by-product of the refining process as a sustainable and alternative alkali activator for ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) blended cement concrete. Three levels of binder replacement using the industrial by-product, and four water/binder ratios were considered in order to evaluate the effects of the replacement in fresh and hardened properties of the blended concrete. XRD and TG analyses confirmed that the by-product that contains abundant alkali compounds promotes the reactivity of GGBFS. The test results indicated that the incorporation of the by-product results in delayed setting and degraded workability due to the highly porous nature of the by-product, yet shows rapid early-age strength development of the blended concrete as conventional alkaline activators for GGBFS. These characteristics shed light on a simple yet effective and practical means of reusing the industrial by-product as an alternative alkaline activator.

GGBS Use in Concrete as Cement Constituent: Strength Development and Sustainability Effects – Part 1

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Haotian Fan ◽  
Ravindra K. Dhir ◽  
Peter C. Hewlett
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Design Strength ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Class F Fly Ash

This study, third in the series, following from ground limestone and Class F fly ash, evaluates, as a cement constituent, the effect of using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) on the strength development of concrete, and consequently its embodied carbon dioxide (CO2e). The paper has been built from systematically analysing, evaluating and modelling the extensive data-matrix developed, having 85,099 data points, from the information sourced from 663 studies published in English, during 1974 to 2020, by 1,672 authors, working in 718 institutions in 49 countries, globally. It is shown that, at a given water/cement ratio, in comparison to Portland cement (PC), the use of GGBS results in a reduction in 28-day concrete strength, which increases with GGBS content, at a rate determined by the strength of concrete, GGBS fineness, and curing of concrete. It is also shown that, as to achieve a 28-day design strength, a lower water/cement ratio is required with a PC/GGBS blended cement than PC, this will reduce the actual CO2e savings that can be realised with the use of GGBS as cement constituent in manufacturing concrete. Finally, it is shown that GGBS is more effective in lowering CO2e of concrete than FA and GLS.

scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN SPECTROSCOPY OPTIK PORTABEL BERBASIS ARDUINO MICRO

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
I Gede Yogi Astawan ◽  
Yoga Divayana ◽  
Pratolo Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Grating ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Servo Motor ◽  
Universal Serial Bus ◽  
Card Reader ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Sample Testing ◽  
Sd Card

This research is conducted to build portable spectroscopy optic with Android and desktop applications. Portable spectroscopy optic consists of Arduino Micro, Nextion Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), 2 pieces Light Emitting Diodes (LED), servo motor, diffraction grating (600 lines/mm), 2 pieces photodiodes, Bluetooth HC-05, and SD Card Reader Writer. Android and desktop applications realized by using Qt IDE. Spectroscopy testing is done using polymers with color red, green, and blue. The result of polymers sample testing shows that the spectrum with same wavelength range as the sample color will be passed, while other wavelengths will be absorbed. The device has been able to measure absorption of sample. On testing restore the test results to the SD card produces file with size about 2 kB. Device uses battery with capacity 3000 mAh and can be actively sustainable during 3 hours 31 minutes. Testing of communication Android and desktop applications with spectroscopy is done using bluetooth and Universal Serial Bus (USB) cable. The result of application testing are already able to send and receive data from spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Strength Behavior of Mortar Using Slag As Partial Replacement of Cement

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moinul Islam ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Aftabur Rahman ◽  
Amrita Das
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Strength Behavior ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Curing Age

This paper presents an experimental investigation carried out to study the effects of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) on strength development of mortar and the optimum use of slag in mortar. Cement was partially replaced with seven percentages (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%) of slag by weight. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortar was also prepared as reference mortar. A total of 400 cube and briquet mortar specimens were cast and compressive as well as tensile strength of the mortar specimens were determined at curing age of 3, 7, 14, 28, 60, 90 and 180 days. Test results show that strength increases with the increase of slag up to an optimum value, beyond which, strength values start decreasing with further addition of slag. Among the seven slag mortars, the optimum amount of cement replacement is about 40%, which provides 19% higher compressive strength and 25% higher tensile strength as compared to OPC mortar. KEY WORDS: Slag; Cement; Mortar; Compressive Strength; Tensile Strength; Hydration. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mist.v3i0.8053

Sistem Kontrol Pengisian Air Otomatis Dengan Dua Sumber Suplai Berbasis Mikrokontroler (ATmega 8535)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumardi Sumardi ◽  
Muhammad Nur Anggoro
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display

Sistem kontrol pengisian air otomatis dengan dua sumber suplai berbasis mikrokontroler merupakan sebuah sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan level air pada sebuah bak penampungan secara otomatis. Bahan dan alat yang digunakan dalam sistem kontrol berupa mikrokontroler ATmega 8535, sensor air, downloader DI-USB AVR ISP V2/DI-USB to Serial TTL, liquid crystal display, transisor, resistor, pompa air, adaptor 12 volt dc, saklar, dan program editor code vision avr. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem kontrol pengisian air otomatis ini adalah melakukan percobaan dan ujicoba peralatan secara langsung. Sistem kontrol ini bekerja dalam dua kondisi yaitu ketika air dalam bak penampungan melewati batas bawah maka bak penampungan akan terisi secara otomatis dan ketika telah mencapai batas atas yang ditentukan maka suplai air ke bak penampungan akan berhenti, selanjutnya ditambah pengaturan dari dua buah sumber air sebagai suplai yang akan bekerja sesuai dengan prioritasnya. Proses tersebut dilakukan oleh sensor bagian input yang berupa sensor air pada masukan sumber air yang kemudian diproses oleh mikrokontroler terprogram. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan sensor air berhasil memberikan logika Low atau High pada keluarannya sebagai fungsinya untuk memberikan sinyal masukan pada port mikrokontrol. Pada kondisi high, sensor air mampu memberikan nilai tegangan 4,89 Volt DC untuk digunakan sebagai masukan mikrokontroler. Dan pada kondisi low, sensor air mampu memberikan nilai tegangan 0,11 Volt dc sebagai masukan mikrokontroler ketika elektroda tehubung dengan common oleh media air. Driver Masukan terbukti dapat digunakan untuk menggendalikan kerja dari motor pompa 220 V AC dan lampu indikator 12 V DC. Hasil yang dari sistem kontrol pengisian air ini adalah terjadinya pengurangan kerugian yang ditimbulkan karena masalah ketersediaan air dan juga mempermudah kegiatan dalam pengendalian ketersediaan air. Kata kunci : Sistem kontrol, pengisan air otomatis, mikrokontroler, sensor air.

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