scholarly journals Review of the Problems of Additive Manufacturing of Nanostructured High-Energy Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7394
Author(s):  
Olga Kudryashova ◽  
Marat Lerner ◽  
Alexander Vorozhtsov ◽  
Sergei Sokolov ◽  
Vladimir Promakhov
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Viscosity Reduction ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Aluminum Powders ◽  
High Energy Materials ◽  
Further Development

This article dwells upon the additive manufacturing of high-energy materials (HEM) with regards to the problems of this technology’s development. This work is aimed at identifying and describing the main problems currently arising in the use of AM for nanostructured high-energy materials and gives an idea of the valuable opportunities that it provides in the hope of promoting further development in this area. Original approaches are proposed for solving one of the main problems in the production of nanostructured HEM—safety and viscosity reduction of the polymer-nanopowder system. Studies have shown an almost complete degree of deagglomeration of microencapsulated aluminum powders. Such powders have the potential to create new systems for safe 3D printing using high-energy materials.

IGNITION, COMBUSTION, AND AGGLOMERATION OF HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS BASED ON ALUMINUM AND BORON

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Korotkikh ◽  
◽  
V. A. Arkhipov ◽  
O. G. Glotov ◽  
I. V. Sorokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Aluminum Powders ◽  
High Energy Materials ◽  
Condensed Combustion Products

The burning rate control of the high-energy materials (HEM) is mainly achieved by introducing the catalysts in composite solid propellant as well as by partial or complete replacement of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate by nitramines that change the equivalence ratio of formulation, or by varying the particle size of oxidizer and metal fuels. Promising metallic fuels are highly dispersed aluminum powders, which are characterized by different dispersity and passivation method, as well as bimetallic powders or mixtures of aluminum and other metals, their alloys, and metal powders with various coatings. In this study, the Al-based, Al/B-based, and Al/Fe-based HEM compositions have been used for comparative analysis of the ignition, combustion, and agglomeration characteristics. At the use of boron additive in the Al-based HEM, the ignition time is decreased by a factor of 1.2-1.4 and the burning rate is virtually unchanged as compared with that for the Al-based HEM. However, the agglomeration is significantly enhanced, which is manifested in the increase in the agglomerate particle content in condensed combustion products (CCP), increase in the agglomerate mean diameter, and increase in the unburned metal fraction in agglomerates.

EFFECT OF BORON ON THE COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF METALLIZED HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Korotkikh ◽  
◽  
I. Sorokin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Solid Propellants ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
High Energy Materials ◽  
Condensed Combustion Products ◽  
Active Fuel Binder

The paper presents the results of thermodynamic calculations of the effect of pure boron additives on combustion characteristics of high-energy materials (HEM) based on ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, active fuel-binder, and powders of aluminum Al, titanium Ti, magnesium Mg, and boron B. The combustion parameters and the equilibrium composition of condensed combustion products (CCPs) of HEM model compositions were obtained with thermodynamic calculation program “Terra.” The compositions of solid propellants with different ratios of metals (Al/B, Ti/B, Mg/B, and Al/Mg/B) were considered. The combustion temperature Tad in a combustion chamber, the vacuum specific impulse J at the nozzle exit, and the mass fraction ma of the CCPs for HEMs were determined.

THERMAL BEHAVIOR AND IGNITION OF HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS CONTAINING B, ALB2, AND TIB2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Korotkikh ◽  
◽  
V. A. Arkhipov ◽  
I. V. Sorokin ◽  
E. A. Selikhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Heat Flux Density ◽  
Ignition Delay Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
High Energy Materials

The paper presents the results of ignition and thermal behavior for samples of high-energy materials (HEM) based on ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), active binder and powders of Al, B, AlB2, and TiB2. A CO2 laser with a heat flux density range of 90-200 W/cm2 was used for studies of ignition. The activation energy and characteristics of ignition for the HEM samples were determined. Also, the ignition delay time and the surface temperature of the reaction layer during the heating and ignition for the HEM samples were determined. It was found that the complete replacement of micron-sized aluminum powder by amorphous boron in a HEM sample leads to a considerable decrease in the ignition delay time by a factor of 2.2-2.8 at the same heat flux density due to high chemical activity and the difference in the oxidation mechanisms of boron particles. The use of aluminum diboride in a HEM sample allows one to reduce the ignition delay time of a HEM sample by a factor of 1.7-2.2. The quasi-stationary ignition temperature is the same for the AlB2-based and AlB12-based HEM samples.

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