scholarly journals Directionally Correlated Movement Can Drive Qualitative Changes in Emergent Population Distribution Patterns

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Potts
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Characteristic Time ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
Spatial Pattern Formation ◽  
Qualitative Changes

A fundamental goal of ecology is to understand the spatial distribution of species. For moving animals, their location is crucially dependent on the movement mechanisms they employ to navigate the landscape. Animals across many taxa are known to exhibit directional correlation in their movement. This work explores the effect of such directional correlation on spatial pattern formation in a model of between-population taxis (i.e., movement of each population in response to the presence of the others). A telegrapher-taxis formalism is used, which generalises a previously studied diffusion-taxis system by incorporating a parameter T, measuring the characteristic time for directional persistence. The results give general criteria for determining when changes in T will drive qualitative changes in the predictions of linear pattern formation analysis for N ≥ 2 populations. As a specific example, the N = 2 case is explored in detail, showing that directional correlation can cause one population to ‘chase’ the other across the landscape while maintaining a non-constant spatial distribution. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of accounting for directional correlation in movement for understanding both quantitative and qualitative aspects of species distributions.

scholarly journals Frequency and spatial distribution of animal and object hoarder behavior in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Ribeiro da Cunha ◽  
Camila Marinelli Martins ◽  
Marília de Fátima Ceccon-Valente ◽  
Liana Ludielli da Silva ◽  
Flavia Dias Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Spatial Cluster ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
The North ◽  
Neighborhood Income ◽  
Overall Ratio ◽  
The City

Abstract: This study aimed to establish the frequency and spatial distribution of animal and object hoarding in Curitiba (Paraná State), the eighth most populous city in Brazil. All hoarding complaints received by the City Secretaries of Health, Environment and Social Assistance between September 2013 and April 2015 were collected (n = 226) and suspicious cases were individually investigated. A total of 113/226 (50%) of complaints were confirmed as hoarding cases, representing an overall ratio of 6.45 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in Curitiba, of which 48/113 (42.5%) involved object hoarders, 41/113 (36.3%) animal hoarders and 24/113 (21.2%) both animal and object hoarders. A correlation of total identified cases with neighborhood population density and all population stratums analyzed (total, gender, age) was significantly positive (p < 0.01), and with neighborhood mean monthly income (r = -0.2; p = 0.03) significantly negative. A spatial cluster of cases was found in the north of the city (OR = 8.57; p < 0.01). Hoarding cases were relatively frequent in Curitiba and were associated with population distribution patterns and inversely related to neighborhood income.

Spatial Distribution Patterns of Seedling Emergence of Stipagrostis pennata in Gurbantonggut Desert

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2101-2108
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Wen Ling Wang ◽  
Huan Ge ◽  
Li Hong Long ◽  
Shao Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Spatial Distribution Patterns ◽  
Emergence Patterns ◽  
Distribution Rule ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution patterns and the amounts of seedling density of S. pennata in different sample dunes in Gurbantonggut Desert. Results indicate that spatial patterns of seedling emergence of S. pennata were of general similar with the distribution patterns of its associated standing vegetations, and was greatly associated with spatial distribution of the threshold wind (≥6m.s-1) frequency from the various directions. There existed a significant difference in its seedling emergence patterns among the different parts of the dunes and the different directions around its parent vegetation beds. The highest seedling density was found to be on the top parts of sampling dunes and at the underlayer of standing vegetation beds of S. pennata, and higher seedling densities usually took place in the leeward side of the vegetation beds. These results had revealed the ecological characteristics of the population distribution rule and the recruitments mechanism of S. pennata.

spatial distribution patterns of basking sharks on the european shelf: preliminary comparison of satellite-tag geolocation, survey and public sightings data

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
e.j. southall ◽  
d.w. sims ◽  
j.d. metcalfe ◽  
j.i. doyle ◽  
s. fanshawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Satellite Tag

current concerns about the population levels of the basking shark (cetorhinus maximus) in the north-east atlantic have prompted a need to understand population distribution, habitat preference and centres of abundance. in this study, spatial distribution maps derived from satellite-tag geolocations, boat surveys and public sightings data were compared. the broad distribution patterns revealed by these different methods are similar, but there are considerable differences in density distributions. surface sightings data show high densities, or ‘hotspots’ in the hebridean sea, clyde sea, irish sea and close inshore around devon and cornwall. tag geolocations, in contrast, identified two areas where individuals spent considerable time outside the distributions indicated by surveys and public sightings: the celtic sea and western approaches of the english channel. the reason for this disparity and its implications for population estimates for the species are discussed.

Modeling spatial distribution of the unionid mussels and the core-satellite hypothesis

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooi-Ling Lee ◽  
Donald DeAngelis ◽  
Hock-Lye Koh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Limited Movement ◽  
Unionid Mussels ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Fish Hosts

This paper discusses the spatial distribution patterns of the various species of the Unionid mussels as functions of their respective life-cycle characteristics. Computer simulations identify two life-cycle characteristics as major factors governing the abundance of a species, namely the movement range of their fish hosts and the success rate of the parasitic larval glochidia in finding fish hosts. Core mussels species have fish hosts with large movement range to disperse the parasitic larval glochidia to achieve high levels of abundance. Species associated with fish host of limited movement range require high success rate of finding fish host to achieve at least an intermediate level of abundance. Species with low success rate of finding fish hosts coupled with fish hosts having limited movement range exhibit satellite species characteristics, namely rare in numbers and sparse in distributions.

scholarly journals Modeling Spatiotemporal Population Changes by Integrating DMSP-OLS and NPP-VIIRS Nighttime Light Data in Chongqing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Dan Lu ◽  
Yahui Wang ◽  
Qingyuan Yang ◽  
Kangchuan Su ◽  
Haozhe Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Mean Relative Error ◽  
Nighttime Light

The sustained growth of non-farm wages has led to large-scale migration of rural population to cities in China, especially in mountainous areas. It is of great significance to study the spatial and temporal pattern of population migration mentioned above for guiding population spatial optimization and the effective supply of public services in the mountainous areas. Here, we determined the spatiotemporal evolution of population in the Chongqing municipality of China from 2000–2018 by employing multi-period spatial distribution data, including nighttime light (NTL) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS). There was a power function relationship between the two datasets at the pixel scale, with a mean relative error of NTL integration of 8.19%, 4.78% less than achieved by a previous study at the provincial scale. The spatial simulations of population distribution achieved a mean relative error of 26.98%, improved the simulation accuracy for mountainous population by nearly 20% and confirmed the feasibility of this method in Chongqing. During the study period, the spatial distribution of Chongqing’s population has increased in the west and decreased in the east, while also increased in low-altitude areas and decreased in medium-high altitude areas. Population agglomeration was common in all of districts and counties and the population density of central urban areas and its surrounding areas significantly increased, while that of non-urban areas such as northeast Chongqing significantly decreased.

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