scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis in Children Undergoing Gastrocsoleus Lengthening for Equinus Secondary to Cerebral Palsy

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Norine Ma ◽  
Nicholas Sclavos ◽  
Elyse Passmore ◽  
Pam Thomason ◽  
Kerr Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Rigorous Treatment

Background and Objectives: Equinus is the most common deformity in children with cerebral palsy, and surgical lengthening of the gastrocsoleus muscle-tendon unit is the most commonly performed operation for children with cerebral palsy. Treatment outcomes of orthopaedic surgery can be measured objectively with three-dimensional gait analysis. This study examined the quality of evidence for gastrocsoleus lengthening surgery based on objective measures. Materials and Methods: A search was performed with Medline, Embase and PubMed from 1990 to 25 August 2020 using the keywords “cerebral palsy”, “equinus”, “surgery” and “gait analysis”. Only studies of gastrocsoleus lengthening surgery using three-dimensional gait analysis were included, yielding 34 studies. Results: Fourteen studies reported swing phase kinematics and all studies reported a significant improvement. Rates of recurrent equinus and calcaneus were reported in 21 studies and varied widely based on follow-up period and surgical technique. Conclusions: Poor study quality and marked variability in study samples and interventions made comparison difficult. Future studies should consider prospective design, controls or comparison groups and more detailed breakdowns of outcomes by cerebral palsy subtype, sagittal gait pattern, and equinus type in order to allow more rigorous treatment recommendations to be made.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review to Determine Best Practice Reporting Guidelines for AFO Interventions in Studies Involving Children with Cerebral Palsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Ridgewell ◽  
Fiona Dobson ◽  
Timothy Bach ◽  
Richard Baker
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Studies which have examined the effects of ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) on children with cerebral palsy (CP) often report insufficient detail about the participants, devices and testing protocols. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the level and quality of detail reported about these factors in order to generate best practice guidelines for reporting of future studies. A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies which examined any outcome measure relating to AFO use in children with CP. A customized checklist was developed for data extraction and quality assessment. There was substantial variability in the level and quality of detail reported across the 41-paper yield. Many papers reported insufficient detail to allow synthesis of outcomes across studies. The findings of this review have been used to generate guidelines for best practice of reporting for AFO intervention studies. It is important to ensure homogeneity of gait pattern in a subject sample or to subdivide a sample to investigate the possibility that heterogeneity affected results. It is also important to describe the orthosis in sufficient detail that the device can be accurately replicated because differences in designs have been shown to affect outcomes. These guidelines will help researchers provide more systematic and detailed reports and thereby permit future reviewers to more accurately assess both the reporting and quality of orthotic interventions, and will facilitate synthesis of literature to enhance the evidence base.

An Instrumentation Approach for Assessing the Effects of a Hand Positioning Device on Reaching Motion of Children with Cerebral Palsy

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise T. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Positioning Device

The effects of a hand positioning device (HPD) on the quality of upper-extremity movement of five children with cerebral palsy were examined in this pilot study. Hand position was monitored during a reaching task using a single-point, 3°-of-freedom, three-dimensional tracker device. Three-dimensional path length, average velocity, movement time, response time, and the number of accelerations and decelerations (movement units) were measured. Operational definitions for each of these variables were developed for this study. Each subject performed 15 reaching trials at a pretest and posttest. A 6-week intervention period followed the pretest where each subject wore the HPD for 1 hour daily for functional activities. Group results showed no significant differences for any of the variables being measured. However, individual data analysis revealed that the HPD has the potential for modifying the quality of reaching motions in some children with cerebral palsy. The nature of the changes observed among these five subjects is discussed, as well as suggestions for future research studies. Finally, this initial study shows that the tracker is a sensitive method for recording qualitative changes in the upper-extremity motion of children with cerebral palsy in occupational therapy research.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF ORTHOTIC DEVICE IMPLICATION ON THE LOWER LIMB IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Akshay Kumar ◽  
◽  
Vinita N/A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Orthotic Devices ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
The Relationship

CP is the foremost cause of motor disability in children and affects two to five children in 1000 live births worldwide. It is been recognized as a global concern medically, socially, and economically due to the increasing financial burden to the states. About half of the children with cerebral palsy suffer a range of motion difficulties. The study aims to understand the role of orthotic devices and its efficacy in the treatment of the patient with cerebral palsy and gait improvement. An online database of Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. searched to find the articles with the keywords, cerebral palsy, orthotic devices, orthosis, lower limb, and results were synthesized and narrated to explore the effectiveness of the devices on the gait pattern and quality of life of a patient with cerebral palsy. The database search was done without the barrier of dates and regions. Orthoses applied externally appear to be supported and had a diverse effect on gait depending on the type of orthosis. However, the relationship between gait pattern and AFOs and ankle properties is yet to be established. Additional research in this area is needed to complement the development of passive and active AFOs to provide larger improvements in walking capabilities.

scholarly journals Using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score to Compare Ankle-Foot Orthoses, Sensorimotor Orthoses and Barefoot Gait Pattern in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare MacFarlane ◽  
Wayne Hing ◽  
Robin Orr
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Spastic Diplegia ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Gait Quality ◽  
Spastic Quadriplegia ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthoses ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Score

Gait analysis is one aspect of evaluation in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP). Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) improve gait and alignment through providing support. An alternative and under-researched orthosis are sensomotoric orthoses (SMotOs). The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) is a valid observational gait analysis scale to measure gait quality. The aim of this study was to use the EVGS to determine what effect AFOs and SMotOs have on gait in children with CP. The inclusion criteria were: mobilizing children with a CP diagnosis, no surgery in the past six weeks, and currently using SMotOs and AFOs. Eleven participants were videoed walking 5 m (any order) barefoot, in SMotOs and AFOs. Of the participants (age range 3–13 years, mean 5.5 ± 2.9), two were female and six used assistive devices. Seven could walk barefoot. Participants had spastic diplegia (4), spastic quadriplegia (6), and spastic dystonic quadriplegia (1). Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) levels ranged I–IV. The total score for SMotOs (7.62) and AFOs (14.18) demonstrated improved gait when wearing SMotOs (no significant differences between barefoot and AFOs). SMotOs may be a viable option to improve gait in this population. Additional study is required but SMotOs may be useful in clinical settings.

Influence of gait pattern on the body's centre of mass displacement in children with cerebral palsy

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firas Massaad ◽  
Frédéric Dierick ◽  
Adélaïde van den Hecke ◽  
Christine Detrembleur
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mass Displacement

Instrumented gait analysis for management of gait disorders in children with cerebral palsy: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. States ◽  
Joseph J. Krzak ◽  
Yasser Salem ◽  
Ellen M. Godwin ◽  
Amy Winter Bodkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Gait Disorders ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Instrumented Gait Analysis

CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-715
Author(s):  
Helen M. Wallace ◽  
Margaret A. Losty ◽  
David Sanders ◽  
Robert S. Siffert ◽  
Jerome S. Tobis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Financial Aid ◽  
York City ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

This report describes the findings and interim results of a follow-up study of 770 children with cerebral palsy who were cared for under the aegis of the New York City Financial Aid Program from 1945 to July 1, 1954. The findings seem to indicate that some redirection of the program to include development, expansion and improvement of some alternate services within the community is advisable. It is likely that this same type of follow-up study would be of equal value for children of other diagnostic groups, and similar studies might be initiated.

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