scholarly journals New Insights into Sulfide Inclusions in 1018 Carbon Steels

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Rieders ◽  
Manjula Nandasiri ◽  
David Mogk ◽  
Recep Avci
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Galvanic Coupling ◽  
Surface And Bulk Characterization

The role of heterogeneous phases in the localized corrosion of materials is an emerging area of research. This work addresses the detrimental role MnS inclusions play in the localized corrosion of carbon steels. We report the results of surface and bulk characterization of MnS inclusions in 1018 carbon steel, using a high-resolution integrated Auger nanoprobe. It is shown that the surface morphology and composition of the inclusions are highly heterogeneous. MnS inclusions are found to be nonstoichiometric and to contain a highly O-enriched surface layer. Some inclusions are covered with a thin (approximately 5 nm) layer of Cu2S. The bulk composition of “MnS” inclusions is found to include 5–7% Fe and O, and these inclusions are believed to occupy Mn and S positions within the “MnS” lattice. Interfaces between “MnS” and host ferric grains are highly disordered. We hypothesize that pitting initiates and develops at these interfaces through a galvanic coupling between the strained and the unstrained ferrite grains.

Role of High-Resolution Ultrasound and PET/CT Imaging for Preoperative Characterization of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Cutaneous Melanoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Hinz ◽  
Harald Voth ◽  
Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar ◽  
Tobias Hoeller ◽  
Joerg Wenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Pet Ct

scholarly journals Role of Metallurgy in the Localized Corrosion of Carbon Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. 618-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep Avci ◽  
Bret H. Davis ◽  
Nathaniel Rieders ◽  
Kilean Lucas ◽  
Manjula Nandasiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Localized Corrosion

scholarly journals ROLE OF HIGH RESOLUTION SONOGRAPHY IN CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (39) ◽  
pp. 6787-6792
Author(s):  
Sheetal Singh ◽  
Amlendu Nagar ◽  
Pramod Sakhi ◽  
Sachin Kataria ◽  
Kumud Julka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors

scholarly journals Nitriding in low carbon steels using non-toxic salt baths

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Vinicius Timm Bonow ◽  
Débora Stefani Maciel ◽  
André Zimmer ◽  
Cinthia Gabriely Zimmer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Microstructural Change ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é desenvolver um método de nitretação em banhos de sais atóxicos, utilizando nitrato de potássio (KNO3) e nitrito de sódio (NaNO2), bem como, avaliar a dureza e o aspecto visual da camada superficial de um aço com 0,2% de carbono, vislumbrando uma alternativa que busca redução no impacto ambiental, gerado pelo processo convencional de nitretação em banho de sal, contendo cianeto e cianato. Também, estudou-se meios que reduzam os óxidos não aderentes, gerados durante o processo de nitretação. Os resultados indicam que os sais KNO3 e NaNO2 atuam na formação de uma camada nitrada, evidenciada pela mudança microestrutural e pelo aumento da dureza da camada, em relação ao material sem tratamento. Porém, dependendo das proporções entre sal atóxico e sal redutor de óxido, tem-se melhor acabamento superficial, o que contribui para o meio ambiente, pois evita a geração de resíduos na base de cianeto e cianato. Palavras-chave: Aço baixo carbono. Nitretação. Banho de sal atóxico. Abstract The objective of this article is to develop a method of nitriding in non-toxic salt baths, using potassium nitrate (KNO3) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2), as well as to evaluate the hardness and the visual aspect of the surface layer of a steel with 0.2% carbon, seeking for an alternative to reduce the environmental impact caused by the conventional process of nitriding in salt bath containing cyanide and cyanate. It was also studied some means that can reduce the non-adherent oxides generated during the nitriding process. The results indicate that the salts KNO3 and NaNO2 act in the formation of a nitrated layer, evidenced by a microstructural change and the increase of the layer hardness, in relation to the material without any treatment. However, depending on the proportions between non-toxic salt and oxide-reducing salt, there is a better surface finishing, which contributes to the environment, as it avoids the generation of cyanide and cyanate-based residues. Keywords: Low carbon steel. Nitriding. Non-toxic salt bath.

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