scholarly journals Deformation of a Red Blood Cell in a Narrow Rectangular Microchannel

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Takeishi ◽  
Hiroaki Ito ◽  
Makoto Kaneko ◽  
Shigeo Wada
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Viscous Force ◽  
Rectangular Microchannel ◽  
Cell State ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Recent Computer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Computer Simulation Techniques

The deformability of a red blood cell (RBC) is one of the most important biological parameters affecting blood flow, both in large arteries and in the microcirculation, and hence it can be used to quantify the cell state. Despite numerous studies on the mechanical properties of RBCs, including cell rigidity, much is still unknown about the relationship between deformability and the configuration of flowing cells, especially in a confined rectangular channel. Recent computer simulation techniques have successfully been used to investigate the detailed behavior of RBCs in a channel, but the dynamics of a translating RBC in a narrow rectangular microchannel have not yet been fully understood. In this study, we numerically investigated the behavior of RBCs flowing at different velocities in a narrow rectangular microchannel that mimicked a microfluidic device. The problem is characterized by the capillary number C a , which is the ratio between the fluid viscous force and the membrane elastic force. We found that confined RBCs in a narrow rectangular microchannel maintained a nearly unchanged biconcave shape at low C a , then assumed an asymmetrical slipper shape at moderate C a , and finally attained a symmetrical parachute shape at high C a . Once a RBC deformed into one of these shapes, it was maintained as the final stable configurations. Since the slipper shape was only found at moderate C a , measuring configurations of flowing cells will be helpful to quantify the cell state.

scholarly journals Effect of red blood cell transfusion on short-term outcomes in very low birth weight infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Eui Young Lee ◽  
Sung Shin Kim ◽  
Ga Young Park ◽  
Sun Hyang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rbc Transfusion

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion improves cardiorespiratory status of preterm infants by increasing circulating hemoglobin, improving tissue oxygenation, and reducing cardiac output. However, RBC transfusion itself has also been suggested to negatively affect short-term outcomes such as intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants.Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between RBC transfusion and short-term outcomes in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (birth weight, <1,500 g).Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of VLBW infants admitted to the Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital between October 2010 and December 2017. Infants who died during hospitalization were excluded. The infants were divided into 2 groups according to RBC transfusion status. We investigated the relationship between RBC transfusion and short-term outcomes including BPD, ROP, NEC, and IVH.Results: Of the 250 enrolled VLBW infants, 109 (43.6%) underwent transfusion. Univariate analysis revealed that all shortterm outcomes except early-onset sepsis and patent ductus arteriosus were associated with RBC transfusion. In multivariate analysis adjusted for gestational age, birth weight and Apgar score at 1 minute, RBC transfusion was significantly correlated with BPD (odds ratio [OR], 5.42; <i>P</i><0.001) and NEC (OR, 3.40; <i>P</i>= 0.009).Conclusion: RBC transfusion is significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes such as NEC and BPD in VLBW infants. Careful consideration of the patient’s clinical condition and appropriate guidelines is required before administration of RBC transfusions.

scholarly journals Per-pass analysis of acute ischemic stroke clots: impact of stroke etiology on extracted clot area and histological composition

2020 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2020-016966
Author(s):  
Seán Fitzgerald ◽  
Rosanna Rossi ◽  
Oana Madalina Mereuta ◽  
Duaa Jabrah ◽  
Adaobi Okolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Stroke Etiology ◽  
Clot Burden ◽  
Similar Formation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Radiological Studies

BackgroundInitial studies investigating correlations between stroke etiology and clot composition are conflicting and do not account for clot size as determined by area. Radiological studies have shown that cardioembolic strokes are associated with shorter clot lengths and lower clot burden than non-cardioembolic clots.ObjectiveTo report the relationship between stroke etiology, extracted clot area, and histological composition at each procedural pass.MethodsAs part of the multi-institutional RESTORE Registry, the Martius Scarlett Blue stained histological composition and extracted clot area of 612 per-pass clots retrieved from 441 patients during mechanical thrombectomy procedures were quantified. Correlations with clinical and procedural details were investigated.ResultsClot composition varied significantly with procedural passes; clots retrieved in earlier passes had higher red blood cell content (H4=11.644, p=0.020) and larger extracted clot area (H4=10.730, p=0.030). Later passes were associated with significantly higher fibrin (H4=12.935, p=0.012) and platelets/other (H4=15.977, p=0.003) content and smaller extracted clot area. Large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) clots were significantly larger in the extracted clot area and more red blood cell-rich than other etiologies in passes 1–3. Cardioembolic and cryptogenic clots had similar histological composition and extracted clot area across all procedural passes.ConclusionLAA clots are larger and associated with a large red blood cell-rich extracted clot area, suggesting soft thrombus material. Cardioembolic clots are smaller in the extracted clot area, consistent in composition and area across passes, and have higher fibrin and platelets/other content than LAA clots, making them stiffer clots. The per-pass histological composition and extracted clot area of cryptogenic clots are similar to those of cardioembolic clots, suggesting similar formation mechanisms.

The Relationship Between Red Blood Cell Na/K-ATPase Activities and Diabetic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Endocrine ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayram Koc ◽  
Vedat Erten ◽  
M. Ilker Yilmaz ◽  
Alper Sonmez ◽  
I. Hakki Kocar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
The Relationship

Hemobartonella-like Parasites in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Dillberger ◽  
D. E. Loudy ◽  
R. R. Adler ◽  
J. H. Gass
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Latent Infections ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Studies

Red blood cell parasites were identified electron microscopically in five anemic adult female cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis), two of which died during anemic episodes. Organisms typically were 0.3–0.5-μm round, oval, or reniform bodies on the surface or within vacuoles of erythrocytes. Based on their size, location in the erythrocyte, and internal ultrastructural features, organisms were classified as Hemobartonella-like. The relationship between the organisms and the anemias in these monkeys was unclear. This report adds rickettsial erythrocyte infections to the list of latent infections that can complicate research studies with cynomolgus monkeys.

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