scholarly journals Osteopontin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Immunoreactivity in Critical Bone Defects Matrix Production: A Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Xenogeneic Hydroxyapatite Comparison

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1048
Author(s):  
Ivonete Sena dos Santos ◽  
Igor da Silva Brum ◽  
Victor Hugo Vieira de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Lucia Rosa Nascimento ◽  
Lucio Frigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Ctrl Group ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Osteoblast Activity

The development of new bone substitutes has become an area of great interest in materials science. In fact, hydroxyapatite is the most commonly used biomaterial in defects that require bone reconstruction, and that is certainly why the discovery of new products with its formulation has been increasing continuously. The aim of this study was to analyze the biological behavior of a xenogeneic hydroxyapatite widely disclosed in the literature and a synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite/Beta tricalcium phosphate in critical defects in the calvaria of Wistar rats. For this, the groups were divided as follows: 24 adult male Wistar rats were used, weighing between 300 and 350 g, in three groups with eight animals each. In the CTRL group (control), only the clot was kept, without material insertion; in the Bioss group (bovine hydroxyapatite), Bio Oss®—Gleistlich® was introduced; and in the Blue Bone group (REG), the defect was filled in with synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite associated with betatriphosphate of calcium, Blue Bone®—Regener®. According to the results in Goldner’s Trichromics, we can observe a higher percentage of newly formed bone matrix in the REG group than in the CTRL and Bioss groups; in the VEGF, we had a more adequate cell modulation for blood vessel formation in the Blue Bone group (REG) compared to the Bioss and CTRL groups, while in osteopontin, a higher percentage of bone formation was observed in the Blue Bone group (REG) and Bioss group when compared to the CTRL group. We conclude that bone formation, mitosis-inducing cell modulation and main osteoblast activity were higher in the Blue Bone group (REG) than in the CTRL and Bioss groups.

scholarly journals Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Ceramic Alloplastic Granules or Paste: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Michael Medeiros Costa ◽  
Daniele Botticelli ◽  
Ofer Moses ◽  
Yuki Omori ◽  
Shigeo Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Alloplastic Material ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Sinus Lifting ◽  
Points Of View

Background: Due to the lack of data comparing the biological behavior of two formulations, granules and paste, of alloplastic graft from microtomographic and histomorphometric points of view, the aim of the present experiment was to compare the histomorphometric and microtomographic healing of two formulations, i.e., granules (MR sites) or paste (MR-inject sites) of an alloplastic graft composed of a combination of beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite used for maxillary sinus lifting. Methods: A sinus lifting procedure was carried out bilaterally in 20 rabbits, and the elevated space was filled with either paste or granules of an alloplastic material. A collagen membrane was placed on the antrostomy and the animals were euthanized after 2 or 10 weeks, 10 animals each group. Microtomographic and histological analyses were performed. Results: Higher proportions of new bone formation were found at the MR, compared to the MR-inject sites both after 2 weeks (2.65 ± 2.89% vs. 0.08 ± 0.12%; p < 0.01) and 10 weeks of healing (34.20 ± 13.86 vs. 23.28 ± 10.35%; p = 0.022). Conclusions: It was concluded that new bone formation was faster in the MR sites, compared to the MR-inject. However, a longer time of healing should be allowed to make final conclusions about the efficiency in bone formation of the paste formulation of the biomaterial used in the present study.

scholarly journals Physical and Histological Comparison of Hydroxyapatite, Carbonate Apatite, and β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Substitutes

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Ishikawa ◽  
Youji Miyamoto ◽  
Akira Tsuchiya ◽  
Koichiro Hayashi ◽  
Kanji Tsuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation

Three commercially available artificial bone substitutes with different compositions, hydroxyapatite (HAp; Neobone®), carbonate apatite (CO3Ap; Cytrans®), and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP; Cerasorb®), were compared with respect to their physical properties and tissue response to bone, using hybrid dogs. Both Neobone® (HAp) and Cerasorb® (β-TCP) were porous, whereas Cytrans® (CO3Ap) was dense. Crystallite size and specific surface area (SSA) of Neobone® (HAp), Cytrans® (CO3Ap), and Cerasorb® (β-TCP) were 75.4 ± 0.9 nm, 30.8 ± 0.8 nm, and 78.5 ± 7.5 nm, and 0.06 m2/g, 18.2 m2/g, and 1.0 m2/g, respectively. These values are consistent with the fact that both Neobone® (HAp) and Cerasorb® (β-TCP) are sintered ceramics, whereas Cytrans® (CO3Ap) is fabricated in aqueous solution. Dissolution in pH 5.3 solution mimicking Howship’s lacunae was fastest in CO3Ap (Cytrans®), whereas dissolution in pH 7.3 physiological solution was fastest in β-TCP (Cerasorb®). These results indicated that CO3Ap is stable under physiological conditions and is resorbed at Howship’s lacunae. Histological evaluation using hybrid dog mandible bone defect model revealed that new bone was formed from existing bone to the center of the bone defect when reconstructed with CO3Ap (Cytrans®) at week 4. The amount of bone increased at week 12, and resorption of the CO3Ap (Cytrans®) was confirmed. β-TCP (Cerasorb®) showed limited bone formation at week 4. However, a larger amount of bone was observed at week 12. Among these three bone substitutes, CO3Ap (Cytrans®) demonstrated the highest level of new bone formation. These results indicate the possibility that bone substitutes with compositions similar to that of bone may have properties similar to those of bone.

scholarly journals Comparison of hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate as bone substitutes after excision of bone tumors

2004 ◽  
Vol 72B (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Ogose ◽  
Tetsuo Hotta ◽  
Hiroyuki Kawashima ◽  
Naoki Kondo ◽  
Wenguang Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate

IGF-binding protein-5 stimulates osteoblast activity and bone accretion in ovariectomized mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (2) ◽  
pp. E283-E288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis L. Andress
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation Rate ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Osteoblast Activity

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) is an osteoblast secretory protein that becomes incorporated into the mineralized bone matrix. In osteoblast cultures, IGFBP-5 stimulates cell proliferation by an IGF-independent mechanism. To evaluate whether IGFBP-5 can stimulate osteoblast activity and enhance bone accretion in a mouse model of osteoblast insufficiency, daily subcutaneous injections of either intact [IGFBP-5 (intact)] or carboxy-truncated IGFBP-5 [IGFBP-5-(1–169)] were given to ovariectomized (OVX) mice for 8 wk. Femur and spine bone mineral density (BMD), measured every 2 wk, showed early and sustained increases in response to IGFBP-5. Bone histomorphometry of cancellous bone showed significant elevations in the bone formation rate in both the femur metaphysis [IGFBP-5- (1)] only) and spine compared with OVX controls. IGFBP-5 also stimulated osteoblast number in the femur IGFBP-5-(1–169) only) and spine. These data indicate that IGFBP-5 effectively enhances bone formation and bone accretion in OVX mice by stimulating osteoblast activity. The finding that IGFBP-5-(1–169) is bioactive in vivo indicates that the carboxy-terminal portion is not required for this bone anabolic effect.

scholarly journals Highly Proliferative Immortalized Human Dental Pulp Cells Retain the Odontogenic Phenotype when Combined with a Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold and BMP2

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangfen Li ◽  
Liu Wang ◽  
Qin Su ◽  
Ling Ye ◽  
Xuedong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Pulp Cells

Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) play a vital role in dentin formation and reparative dentinogenesis, which indicated their potential application in regenerative medicine. However, HDPCs, which can only be obtained from scarce human pulp tissues, also have a limited lifespan in vitro, and stem cells usually lose their original characteristics over a large number of passages. To overcome these challenges, we successfully immortalized human dental pulp cells using the piggyBac system which was employed to efficiently overexpress the SV40 T-Ag, and we then comprehensively described the cell biological behavior. The immortalized human dental pulp cells (iHDPCs) acquired long-term proliferative activity and expressed most HDPC markers. The iHDPCs maintained multiple differentiation potential and could be induced to differentiate into chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic cells in vitro. We also proved that the iHDPCs gained a stronger ability to migrate than the primary cells, while apoptosis was inhibited. Furthermore, highly proliferative iHDPCs displayed no oncogenicity when subcutaneously implanted into athymic nude mice. Finally, iHDPCs exhibited odontogenic differentiation ability and secreted dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) when combined with a beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffold and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) in vivo. Conclusively, the established iHDPCs are a valuable resource for mechanistic study of dental pulp cell differentiation and dental pulp injury repair, as well as for applications in tooth regeneration.

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