Evaluation of Sample Preparation Methods for Non-Target Screening of Organic Micropollutants in Urban Waters Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Non-target screening (NTS) has gained interest in recent years for environmental monitoring purposes because it enables the analysis of a large number of pollutants without predefined lists of molecules. However, sample preparation methods are diverse, and few have been systematically compared in terms of the amount and relevance of the information obtained by subsequent NTS analysis. The goal of this work was to compare a large number of sample extraction methods for the unknown screening of urban waters. Various phases were tested for the solid-phase extraction of micropollutants from these waters. The evaluation of the different phases was assessed by statistical analysis based on the number of detected molecules, their range, and physicochemical properties (molecular weight, standard recoveries, polarity, and optical properties). Though each cartridge provided its own advantages, a multilayer cartridge combining several phases gathered more information in one single extraction by benefiting from the specificity of each one of its layers.

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Comparison of an Offline SPE–GC–MS and Online HS–SPME–GC–MS Method for the Analysis of Volatile Terpenoids in Wine

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25030657 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 657 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cody Williams ◽

Astrid Buica

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Solid Phase ◽

White Wine ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Wine Quality ◽

White Wines ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Odor Thresholds ◽

Spe Method ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

The aroma profile is an important marker for wine quality. Various classes of compounds are responsible for the aroma of wine, and one such class is terpenoids. In the context of this work, a validated gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method for the quantitation of terpenoids in red and white wine using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was established. Calibrations were performed in the respective base wine using both sample preparation methods. The linearity, precision and accuracy evaluated for the respective matrices were excellent for both sample preparations. However, the HS–SPME approach was more sensitive and more accurate. For both sample preparations, the quantification limits were lower than the odor thresholds in wine. The terpenoid concentrations (µg/L) were evaluated for 13 white wines using both sample preparation methods. Importantly, the online HS–SPME approach was more sensitive than the offline SPE method. The major terpenoids identified in the white wines evaluated were linalool (0.2–63 µg/L), geraniol (nd–66 µg/L) and α-terpineol (nd–85 µg/L).

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Solid Phase Extraction and QuEChERS Sample Preparation Methods for Rapid Screening of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Avian Blood and Egg Tissue by UPLC-UV

Analytical Letters ◽

10.1080/00032719.2012.745084 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 999-1011 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Aliaksandr V. Yeudakimau ◽

Anthony A. Provatas ◽

Christopher R. Perkins ◽

James D. Stuart

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Rapid Screening ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Avian Blood ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

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On sample preparation methods for fermented beverage VOCs profiling by GCxGC-TOFMS

Metabolomics ◽

10.1007/s11306-020-01718-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Penghan Zhang ◽

Silvia Carlin ◽

Cesare Lotti ◽

Fulvio Mattivi ◽

Urska Vrhovsek

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Solid Phase ◽

White Wine ◽

Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction ◽

Metabolomic Analysis ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Fermented Beverages ◽

Targeted Profiling ◽

The Impact ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

Abstract Introduction Aromas and tastes have crucial influences on the quality of fermented beverages. The determination of aromatic compounds requires global non-targeted profiling of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the beverages. However, experimental VOC profiling result depends on the chosen VOC collection method. Objectives This study aims to observe the impact of using different sample preparation techniques [dynamic headspace (DHS), vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (VALLME), multiple stir bar sorptive extraction (mSBSE), solid phase extraction (SPE), and solid phase micro-extraction (SPME)] to figure out the most suitable sample preparation protocol for profiling the VOCs from fermented beverages. Methods Five common sample preparation methods were studied with beer, cider, red wine, and white wine samples. After the sample preparation, collected VOCs were analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). Results GCxGC oven parameters can be optimized with the Box–Behnken surface response model and response measure on peak dispersion. Due to the unavoidable column and detector saturation during metabolomic analysis, errors may happen during mass spectrum construction. Profiling results obtained with different sample preparation methods show considerable variance. Common findings occupy a small fraction of total annotated VOCs. For known fermentative aromas, best coverage can be reached by using SPME together with SPE for beer, and VALLME for wine and cider. Conclusions GCxGC-TOFMS is a promising tool for non-targeted profiling on VOCs from fermented beverages. However, a proper data processing protocol is lacking for metabolomic analysis. Each sample preparation method has a specific profiling spectrum on VOC profiling. The coverage of the VOC metabolome can be improved by combining complementary methods.

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Ragweed components in honey

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/73/1628 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 65-68

Author(s):

Éva Nagy ◽

Anna Novák ◽

Lajos Daróczi ◽

András Jávor

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Solid Phase Micro Extraction ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Data Evolution ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

The aim of this research was to prove that the syrup containing ragweed used for feeding the bees was transferred to the honey. To reach this goal we developed a method to analyse the volatile components of the samples. We applied two sample preparation methods. The first one was SPME (Solid Phase Micro Extraction) preparation from the headspace of all of the samples. In the second case only the raw leaves of the ragweed were extracted with n-hexane and dichloromethane to complete the SPME results. The measurements were performed on GC-MS equipment. Chromatograms and data evolution showed that the components of the ragweed were also present in honey so they were transferred by bees.

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Possibilities of utilization of modern sample preparation methods for gas chromatographic analyses in beverage and namely brewing analytics. Part III. - Solid-phase microextraction and stir bar sorptive extraction in fatty acids analysis in beer.

Kvasny Prumysl ◽

10.18832/kp2010042 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (11-12) ◽

pp. 418-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomáš HORÁK ◽

Jiří ČULÍK ◽

Marie JURKOVÁ ◽

Pavel ČEJKA ◽

Vladimír KELLNER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Sorptive Extraction ◽

Fatty Acids Analysis ◽

Modern Sample ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

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Role of Ionic Liquids in Composites in Analytical Sample Preparation

Separations ◽

10.3390/separations7030037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Adrián Gutiérrez-Serpa ◽

Patricia I. Napolitano-Tabares ◽

Jakub Šulc ◽

Idaira Pacheco-Fernández ◽

Verónica Pino

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Magnetic Particles ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Solid Sorbents ◽

Metal Organic ◽

The Individual ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a group of non-conventional salts with melting points below 100 °C. Apart from their negligible vapor pressure at room temperature, high thermal stability, and impressive solvation properties, ILs are characterized by their tunability. Given such nearly infinite combinations of cations and anions, and the easy modification of their structures, ILs with specific properties can be synthesized. These characteristics have attracted attention regarding their use as extraction phases in analytical sample preparation methods, particularly in liquid-phase extraction methods. Given the liquid nature of most common ILs, their incorporation in analytical sample preparation methods using solid sorbents requires the preparation of solid derivatives, such as polymeric ILs, or the combination of ILs with other materials to prepare solid IL-based composites. In this sense, many solid composites based on ILs have been prepared with improved features, including magnetic particles, carbonaceous materials, polymers, silica materials, and metal-organic frameworks, as additional materials forming the composites. This review aims to give an overview on the preparation and applications of IL-based composites in analytical sample preparation in the period 2017–2020, paying attention to the role of the IL material in those composites to understand the effect of the individual components in the sorbent.

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Sample Preparation Methods for the Determination of Organic Micropollutants

Multiresidue Methods for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Food ◽

10.1201/9781315118352-4 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 99-130

Author(s):

Carlos Goncalves ◽

Maria Augusta D. Sousa ◽

Vasilios G. Samaras ◽

Leo M.L. Nollet

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Organic Micropollutants ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

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Assessment and refinement of sample preparation methods for deep and quantitative plant proteome profiling

10.1101/273656 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Gaoyuan Song ◽

Polly Y Yingshan Hsu ◽

Justin W. Walley

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Label Free ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Proteome Profiling ◽

Leaf Tissues ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

SummaryA major challenge in the field of proteomics is obtaining high quality peptides for comprehensive proteome profiling by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for many organisms. Here we evaluate and modify a range of sample preparation methods using photosynthetically active Arabidopsis leaf tissues from several developmental timepoints. We find that inclusion of FASP-based on filter digestion improves all protein extraction methods tested. Ultimately, we show that a detergent-free urea-FASP approach enables deep and robust quantification of leaf proteomes. For example, from 4-day-old leaf tissue we profiled up to 11,690 proteins from a single sample replicate. This method should be broadly applicable to researchers working on difficult to process samples from a range of plant and non-plant organisms.AbbreviationsChloroMethanol/Chloroform ExtractionFASPFilter Aided Sample PrepGOGene OntologyIAAIodoacetamideLFQLabel Free QuantificationMS/MSTandem mass spectrometryTFTranscription FactorUAUrea Extraction1D1 Dimensional2D2 Dimensional

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A review of sample preparation methods for the pesticide residue analysis in foods

Open Chemistry ◽

10.2478/s11532-012-0034-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 900-925 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Lijin Zhang ◽

Shaowen Liu ◽

Xinyi Cui ◽

Canping Pan ◽

Ailin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Pesticide Residue ◽

Pesticide Residues ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Residue Analysis ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Pesticide Residue Analysis ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Sample Preparation Methods

AbstractThe pesticide residues in foods have received increasing attention as one of the most important food safety issues. Therefore, more strict regulations on the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides in foods have been established in many countries and health organizations, based on the sensitive and reliable analysis methods of pesticide residues. However, the analysis of pesticide residues is a continuing challenge mainly because of the small quantities of analytes as well as the large amounts of interfering substances which can be co-extracted with them, often leading to experimental errors and damage to the analytical instruments. Thus, extensive sample preparation is often required for the pesticide residue analysis for the effective extraction of the analytes and removal of the interferences. This paper focuses on reviewing the recent development in the sample preparation methods for the pesticide residue analysis in foods since 2006. The methods include: liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME), QuEChERS, cloud point extraction (CPE) and liquid phase micro-extraction (LPME), etc. Particularly their advantages, disadvantages and future perspectives will be discussed.

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