scholarly journals Dietary Strategies for Weight Loss Maintenance

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene A. van Baak ◽  
Edwin C. M. Mariman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Strategies

Weight regain after a successful weight loss intervention is very common. Most studies show that, on average, the weight loss attained during a weight loss intervention period is not or is not fully maintained during follow-up. We review what is currently known about dietary strategies for weight loss maintenance, focusing on nutrient composition by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies and discuss other potential strategies that have not been studied so far. Twenty-one studies with 2875 participants who were overweight or obese are included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Studies investigate increased protein intake (12 studies), lower dietary glycemic index (four studies), green tea (three studies), conjugated linoleic acid (three studies), higher fibre intake (three studies), and other miscellaneous interventions (six studies). The meta-analysis shows a significant beneficial effect of higher protein intake on the prevention of weight regain (SMD (standardized mean difference) −0.17 (95% CI −0.29, −0.05), z = 2.80, p = 0.005), without evidence for heterogeneity among the included studies. No significant effect of the other strategies is detected. Diets that combine higher protein intake with different other potentially beneficial strategies, such as anti-inflammatory or anti-insulinemic diets, may have more robust effects, but these have not been tested in randomized clinical trials yet.

scholarly journals Dietary Habits and Weight Maintenance Success in High Versus Low Exercisers in the National Weight Control Registry

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Anne Catenacci ◽  
Lorraine Odgen ◽  
Suzanne Phelan ◽  
J. Graham Thomas ◽  
James Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Registry Entry ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Strategies

Background:The National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) was established to examine characteristics of successful weight loss maintainers. This study compares the diet and behavioral characteristics and weight regain trajectories of NWCR members with differing physical activity (PA) levels at baseline.Methods:Participants (n = 3591) were divided into 4 levels of self-reported PA at registry entry (< 1000, 1000 to < 2250, 2250 to < 3500, and ≥ 3500 kcals/week). We compared self-reported energy intake (EI), macronutrient composition, eating behaviors (dietary restraint, hunger, and disinhibition), weight loss maintenance strategies, and 3 year weight regain between these 4 activity groups.Results:Those with the highest PA at registry entry had lost the most weight, and reported lower fat intake, more dietary restraint, and greater reliance on several specific dietary strategies to maintain weight loss. Those in the lowest PA category maintained weight loss despite low levels of PA and without greater reliance on dietary strategies. There were no differences in odds of weight regain at year 3 between PA groups.Conclusions:These findings suggest that there is not a “one size fits all strategy” for successful weight loss maintenance and that weight loss maintenance may require the use of more strategies by some individuals than others.

scholarly journals Successful weight loss maintenance: A systematic review of weight control registries

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Paixão ◽  
Carlos M. Dias ◽  
Rui Jorge ◽  
Eliana V. Carraça ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Successful Weight Loss

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Serum Adiponectin Measurements in the Framework of Dog Obesity

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1650
Author(s):  
Alberto Muñoz-Prieto ◽  
José Joaquín Cerón ◽  
Silvia Martínez-Subiela ◽  
Vladimir Mrljak ◽  
Asta Tvarijonaviciute
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Hmw Adiponectin ◽  
Total Adiponectin ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
Meta Analyses

Adiponectin is an abundant plasma protein that is closely related to obesity and obesity-related pathologies. The molecule can be found in three different isoforms, each with different biological activities. Studies on canine obesity have suggested that adiponectin concentrations are decreased in obesity; however, no canine meta-analyses have been performed that feature all the required data. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that pertain to total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin in relation to canine obesity. From 20 different studies, a total of 366 dogs with obesity and 349 normal weight dogs are included in the meta-analysis. Client-owned dogs were most represented, accounting for 54.3% of the dogs used, while experimental dogs enrolled in the studies made up the remaining 45.7%. The concentrations of total adiponectin in dogs with obesity were significantly lower compared with normal weight dogs. Additionally, adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in dogs after a successful weight loss protocol compared to the start of the protocol and were significantly lower in dogs after gaining weight. In conclusion, although caution should be taken due to the relatively low number of studies that exist and the high heterogeneity between them, this meta-analysis indicates that adiponectin is decreased in obese dogs.

scholarly journals Diet Composition, Glucose Homeostasis, and Weight Regain in the YoYo Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Marleen A. van Baak ◽  
Nadia J. T. Roumans ◽  
Edwin C. M. Mariman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Fibre Intake

Based on several randomized clinical trials, it has been suggested that baseline glucose homeostasis interacts with the influence of diet composition on weight loss and weight loss maintenance. In this secondary analysis of the YoYo study, a study investigating predictors of weight loss maintenance, we tested the hypothesis that (self-selected) dietary carbohydrate and/or fibre intake interact with the glucose homeostasis parameters for weight loss maintenance. Sixty-one overweight or obese individuals lost around 10 kg of body weight on an energy-restricted diet and were then followed for 9 months. During this period, participants were advised to maintain their body weight and eat a healthy diet without further recommendations on calorie intake or diet composition. Contrary to our hypothesis, carbohydrate intake showed no positive association with weight regain after weight loss, and no interaction with baseline fasting glucose concentration was found. There was a non-significant negative association between fibre intake and weight regain (B = −0.274, standard error (SE) 0.158, p = 0.090), but again, no interaction with fasting plasma glucose was found. In conclusion, the data from the YoYo study do not support a role for baseline glucose homeostasis in determining the association between self-reported carbohydrate and/or fibre intake and weight regain after weight loss.

scholarly journals Effect of Lifestyle Intervention Programs on Weight-Loss and Maintenance in Obese Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1671-1671
Author(s):  
Jéssica Polet ◽  
Flávia Silva ◽  
Taiana dos Santos ◽  
Julia Bregolin ◽  
Vivian Luft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Trial Sequential Analysis ◽  
Promote Weight Loss ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effect of lifestyle change programs on weight-loss and its maintenance in obese individuals. The trial sequential analysis (TSA) was applied to determine whether the currently available evidence is sufficient. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE and Lilacs databases were searched for randomized clinical trials published before May of 2018. Data were pooled using an inverse-variance random-effects meta-analysis and expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was quantified and explored using subgroup analyses. Results Eleven trials (12 publications, 1416 participants) were considered eligible to be included in this meta-analysis. Caloric restriction was effective to promote weight-loss at 12 months [WMD − 3.79 kg (95%CI − 4.78 to − 2.79), I² = 87.5%] and 24 months [WMD − 6.20 kg (95%CI − 10.81 to − 1.59), I² = 71.2%] and TSA showed convincing evidence of an effect. At 36 months, there were no differences in body weight change [−2.06 kg (95%CI − 7.00 to 2.89), I² = 0.0%] and the meta-analysis included less patients than the required information size according to TSA. Subgroup analyses suggest improved weight-loss for caloric restrictions that are greater than 501 Kcal, Dietitian as the interventionist, intensity of intervention twice a month and dropout rates of &lt; 20%. Conclusions For obesity management in clinical practice, caloric restriction is effective to promote weight-loss for up to two years, preferably with a caloric deficit that is greater than 501 Kcal, if performed by registered Dietitian and if associated with a behavioral component and at least twice-monthly contact with a health team. For weight-loss maintenance greater than three years, large-scale trials are required to support these findings. Funding Sources This systematic review was supported by Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa e Eventos (FIPE) from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. JPP was recipient of scholarships from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).

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