scholarly journals Sociodemographic Differences in the Dietary Quality of Food-at-Home Acquisitions and Purchases among Participants in the U.S. Nationally Representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya K. Vadiveloo ◽  
Haley W. Parker ◽  
Filippa Juul ◽  
Niyati Parekh
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
At Home

Insufficient research has explored whether sociodemographic differences in self-reported, individual-level diet quality are similarly reflected by grocery purchase quality. This cross-sectional analysis of n = 3961 U.S. households from the nationally representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS) compared Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores from 1 week of food-at-home acquisitions across self-reported demographic factors (race/ethnicity, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation, food security, and household-level obesity status). Multivariable-adjusted, survey-weighted regression models compared household HEI-2015 scores across sociodemographic groups. Respondents were primarily White and female, with a mean age of 50.6 years, 14.0% were food insecure, and 12.7% were SNAP-participating. Mean HEI-2015 scores were 54.7; scores differed across all sociodemographic exposures (p < 0.05). Interactions (p < 0.1) were detected between SNAP participation and (1) food insecurity and (2) household-level obesity, and race/ethnicity and (1) household-level obesity. HEI-2015 scores were higher among food secure, non-SNAP households than among food insecure, SNAP-participating households (53.9 ± 0.5 vs. 50.3 ± 0.7, p = 0.007); non-SNAP households without obesity had significantly higher HEI-2015 scores than other households. Household-level obesity was associated with lower HEI-2015 scores in White (50.8 ± 0.5 vs. 52.5 ± 0.7, p = 0.046) and Black (48.8 ± 1.5 vs. 53.1 ± 1.4, p = 0.018) but not Hispanic households (54.4 ± 1.0 vs. 52.2 ± 1.2, p = 0.21). Sociodemographic disparities in household HEI-2015 scores were consistent with previous research on individual-level diet quality.

scholarly journals Geographic Differences in the Dietary Quality of Food Purchases among Participants in the Nationally Representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Vadiveloo ◽  
Elie Perraud ◽  
Haley W. Parker ◽  
Filippa Juul ◽  
Niyati Parekh
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
The South ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
The West ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Objective grocery transactions may reflect diet, but it is unclear whether the diet quality of grocery purchases mirrors geographic and racial/ethnic disparities in diet-related diseases. This cross-sectional analysis of 3961 households in the nationally representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey evaluated geographic and racial/ethnic disparities in grocery purchase quality. Respondents self-reported demographics and recorded purchases over 7 days; the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 assessed diet quality. Survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted regression determined whether there were geographic and racial/ethnic differences in HEI-15 scores. Respondents were, on average, 50.6 years, non-Hispanic white (NHW) (70.3%), female (70.2%), and had attended some college (57.8%). HEI-15 scores differed across geographic region (p < 0.05), with the highest scores in the West (57.0 ± 0.8) and lowest scores in the South (53.1 ± 0.8), and there was effect modification by race/ethnicity (p-interaction = 0.02). Regionally, there were diet disparities among NHW and non-Hispanic black (NHB) households; NHWs in the South had HEI-15 scores 3.2 points lower than NHWs in the West (p = 0.003). Southern NHB households had HEI-15 scores 8.1 points lower than Western NHB households (p = 0.013). Racial/ethnic disparities in total HEI-15 by region existed in the Midwest and South, where Hispanic households in the Midwest and South had significantly lower diet quality than NHW households. Heterogeneous disparities in the diet quality of grocery purchases by region and race/ethnicity necessitate tailored approaches to reduce diet-related disease.

The utility of household Grocery Purchase Quality Index scores as an individual diet quality metric

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Haley Wynne Parker ◽  
Carolina de Araujo ◽  
Anne N. Thorndike ◽  
Maya Vadiveloo
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Grocery Purchase

Abstract The validated Grocery Purchase Quality Index (GPQI) reflects concordance between household grocery purchases and US dietary recommendations. However, it is unclear whether GPQI scores calculated from partial purchasing records validly reflect individual-level diet quality. Within the 9-month randomized controlled Smart Cart study examining the effect of targeted coupons on grocery purchase quality (n=209), this secondary analysis examined concordance between the GPQI (range 0-75, scaled to 100) calculated from 3-months of loyalty-card linked partial (≥50%) household grocery purchasing data and individual-level Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores at baseline and 3-months calculated from food frequency questionnaires. HEI and GPQI concordance was assessed with overall and demographic-stratified partially-adjusted correlations; covariate-adjusted percent score differences, cross-classification, and weighted kappa coefficients assessed concordance across GPQI tertiles (T). Participants were mostly middle-aged (55.4(13.9) years), female (90.3%), from non-smoking households (96.4%), without children (70.7%). Mean GPQI (54.8(9.1)%) scores were lower than HEI scores (baseline: 73.2(9.1)%, 3-months: 72.4(9.4)%), and moderately correlated (baseline r=0.41 vs. 3-month r=0.31, p<0.001). Correlations were stronger among participants with ≤ bachelor’s degree, obesity, and children. Concordance was highest in T3. Participants with high (T3) vs. low (T1) GPQI scores had 7.3-10.6 higher odds of having HEI scores >80% at both timepoints. Weighted kappas (k=0.25) indicated moderate agreement between scores. Household-level GPQI derived from partial grocery purchasing data were moderately correlated with self-reported intake, indicating their promise for evaluating diet quality. Partial purchasing data appears to moderately reflect individual diet quality and may be useful in interventions monitoring changes in diet quality.

scholarly journals Impact of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Benefit Reduction or Loss on Food-at-Home Acquisitions and Community Food Program Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12004
Author(s):  
Namrata Sanjeevi
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Nutrition Environment ◽  
Nutrition Assistance ◽  
At Home

Since Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits are vital for food-at-home (FAH) acquisitions among participating families, changes in participation or benefit amounts may impact FAH purchase and use of community-based food programs (CFP). The association of the loss of or a reduction in SNAP benefits with FAH acquisitions and CFP use was assessed using 2012–2013 National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey data. Households with incomes equal to or below 130% of the Federal Poverty Level were categorized as (1) current SNAP households, (2) households with benefit loss in the preceding year, or (3) households with benefit loss for more than a year. Current SNAP households were classified as receiving (1) lesser-than-usual benefits or (2) usual benefits. Regression analyses examined associations of the loss of or a reduction in benefits with the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores of FAH purchases and CFP use. Benefit loss in the preceding year was related to a lower total HEI-2015 score for FAH acquisitions, whereas benefit reduction was associated with lower green/bean and added sugar scores and increased CFP use. This study suggests that the loss of or a reduction in SNAP benefits may adversely impact the quality of FAH purchases. The findings also suggest that efforts enhancing the nutrition environment of community food sources could support healthy food acquisition by families experiencing benefit reduction.

scholarly journals Geographic Differences in the Dietary Quality of Food Purchases Among Participants in the Nationally-Representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Study (FoodAPS) (P04-158-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Vadiveloo ◽  
Elie Perraud ◽  
Haley Parker ◽  
Filippa Juul ◽  
Niyati Parekh
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
The South ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
The West ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Objectives Grocery purchases may serve as an objective measure of diet, but it is unclear whether the diet quality of grocery purchases reflect geographic and racial/ethnic disparities observed in existing nationally-representative individual-level data. This study evaluated whether geographic and racial/ethnic disparities exist in the dietary quality of grocery purchases in a nationally-representative sample of US households. Methods Grocery purchasing data from 3961 households from the Food Acquisition and Purchase Study (FoodAPS) were used. Demographic data was self-reported, and 7-day dietary data was recorded with scanners; the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 was used to assess diet quality. Survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted regression with planned contrasts was used to examine whether HEI-15 scores differed according to geographic region (Northeast, West, South, Midwest) and whether there was effect modification by race/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic White (NHW), Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic). Results Primary respondents were, on average, 50.6 years, NHW (70.3%), female (70.2%) and had attended some college (57.8%). The mean HEI-15 score was 54.7, and scores differed by geography (P < 0.05), with the highest scores in the West (57.0 ± 0.8) and lowest scores in the South (53.1 ± 0.8). The influence of region on HEI-15 scores varied by race/ethnicity (p-interaction = 0.015). Among NHW, households in the South had scores that were 3.2-points lower than in the West (50.4 ± 0.7 vs. 53.6 ± 0.8, P = 0.003). Southern NHB households also had lower diet quality than NHB households in the West (48.6 ± 1.5 vs. 56.7 ± 2.7, P = 0.01). Conversely, Hispanic households in the Midwest (47.5 ± 2.0) had lower diet quality than Hispanic households in the South (54.1 ± 0.9, P = 0.02). Diet quality only differed across race/ethnicity (versus the NHW referent group) in the South and Midwest where Hispanic households had higher diet quality than NHW (54.1 ± 0.9 vs. 50.4 ± 0.7, P = 0.007) in the South, but lower diet quality than NHW households in the Midwest (47.5 ± 2.0 vs 52.2 ± 0.6, P = 0.02). Conclusions Disparities in grocery purchase quality exist across US geographic regions and are divergent across racial/ethnic groups, which may reflect issues related to acculturation or environmental-level factors that require further study. Funding Sources This research was supported by the Rhode Island Foundation.

Higher diet quality is associated with higher diet costs when eating at home and away from home: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Sarah Reinhardt ◽  
Rebecca Boehm ◽  
Acree McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Away From Home ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Food Consumed ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the association between diet quality and cost for foods purchased for consumption at home and away from home. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Multivariable linear regression models evaluated the association between diet quality and cost for all food, food at home, and food away from home. Setting: Daily food intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2016). Food prices were derived using data from multiple, publicly available databases. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010. Participants: 30,564 individuals ≥20 y with complete and reliable dietary data. Results: Mean per capita daily diet cost was $14.19 (95% CI: $13.91-14.48), including $6.92 ($6.73-7.10) for food consumed at home and $7.28 ($7.05-7.50) for food consumed away from home. Diet quality was higher for food at home compared to food away from home (P<0.001). Higher diet quality was associated with higher food costs overall, at home, and away from home (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that higher diet quality is associated with higher costs for all food, food consumed at home, and food consumed away from home. This research provides policymakers, public health professionals, and clinicians with information needed to support healthy eating habits. These findings are particularly relevant to contemporary health and economic concerns that have worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prevalence and clustering of diarrhoea within households in India: some evidence from NFHS-4, 2015–16

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bevin Vijayan ◽  
Mala Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

AbstractDiarrhoeal disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in children and is usually measured at individual level. Shared household attributes, such as improved water supply and sanitation, expose those living in the same household to these same risk factors for diarrhoea. The occurrence of diarrhoea in two or more children in the same household is termed ‘diarrhoea clustering’. The aim of this study was to examine the role of improved water supply and sanitation in the occurrence of diarrhoea, and the clustering of diarrhoea in households, among under-five children in India. Data were taken from the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4), a nationally representative survey which interviewed 699,686 women from 601,509 households in the country. If any child was reported to have diarrhoea in a household in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, the household was designated a diarrhoeal household. Household clustering of diarrhoea was defined the occurrence of diarrhoea in more than one child in households with two or more children. The analysis was done at the household level separately for diarrhoeal households and clustering of diarrhoea in households. The presence of clustering was tested using a chi-squared test. The overall prevalences of diarrhoea and clustering of diarrhoea were examined using exogenous variables. Odds ratios, standardized to allow comparison across categories, were computed. The household prevalence of diarrhoea was 12% and that of clustering of diarrhoea was 2.4%. About 6.5% of households contributed 12.6% of the total diarrhoeal cases. Access to safe water and sanitation was shown to have a great impact on reducing diarrhoeal prevalence and clustering across different household groups. Safe water alone had a greater impact on reducing the prevalence in the absence of improved sanitation when compared with the presence of improved sanitation. It may be possible to reduce the prevalence of diarrhoea in households by targeting those households with more than one child in the under-five age group with the provision of safe water and improved sanitation.

scholarly journals Three-year trends in dietary behaviours among mothers, teenagers and children from SNAP-Ed (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education) eligible households across California

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Molitor ◽  
Celeste Doerr ◽  
John Pugliese ◽  
Lauren Whetstone
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Dietary Behaviours ◽  
Nutrition Assistance

AbstractObjective:To examine trends from 2015 to 2017 in dietary behaviours and diet quality among low-income mothers, teenagers and children.Design:Cross-sectional telephone surveys using a validated 24 h dietary assessment.Setting:Randomly sampled households with incomes ≤185 % of the US federal poverty level across California.Participants:Survey participants were 13 247 mothers (≥18 years), 3293 teenagers (12–17 years) and 6043 children (5–11 years). Respondents were mostly Latino.Results:Over the 3-year study period, consumption of fruits and vegetables with and without 100 % fruit juice increased (P ≤ 0·05) by at least 0·3 cups/d for mothers, teenagers and children. Intake of water also increased (P ≤ 0·001) by more than 1 cup/d for mothers and children and 2 cups/d for teenagers. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption was unchanged over the 3 years. Overall diet quality, as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015, improved (P ≤ 0·01) for mothers, teenagers and children. Covariates for the fifteen regression models (three age groups by five outcome variables) included race/ethnicity, age, education for mothers, and gender for teenagers and children.Conclusions:The observed increases in fruit and vegetable intake and improvements in overall diet quality during the 3-year period suggest that low-income Californians may have lowered their risk of preventable diseases. However, more intense or strategic SSB-reduction interventions are required. Regional- or state-level, population-based surveillance of dietary behaviours is useful for public health nutrition policy and programme decision making, and can be used to assess potential trends in future negative health outcomes and related costs associated with poor dietary behaviours within at-risk populations.

scholarly journals Social Support, but Not Perceived Food Environment, Is Associated with Diet Quality in French-Speaking Canadians from the PREDISE Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Carbonneau ◽  
Benoît Lamarche ◽  
Julie Robitaille ◽  
Véronique Provencher ◽  
Sophie Desroches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Food Recalls ◽  
At Home

The objectives were to assess whether social support for healthy eating and perceived food environment are associated with diet quality, and to investigate if sociodemographic characteristics moderate these associations. A probability sample of French-speaking adults from the Province of Québec, Canada, was recruited in the context of the PREDISE study. Participants reported their perceptions of supportive and non-supportive actions related to healthy eating from close others at home and outside of home (n = 952), and of the accessibility to healthy foods (n = 1035). The Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) was calculated based on three Web-based 24 h food recalls. Multiple linear regression models showed that supportive (B = 1.50 (95% CI 0.46, 2.54)) and non-supportive (B = −3.06 (95% CI −4.94, −1.18)) actions related to healthy eating from close others at home were positively and negatively associated with C-HEI, respectively, whereas actions from close others outside of home were not. The negative association between non-supportive actions occurring at home and C-HEI was stronger among participants with lower (vs. higher) levels of education (p interaction = 0.03). Perceived accessibility to healthy foods was not associated with C-HEI (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the social environment may have a stronger influence on healthy eating than the perceived physical environment. This adds support for healthy eating promotion programs involving entire families, especially for more socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals, whose efforts to eat healthily may be more easily thwarted by non-supportive households.

More frequent cooking at home is associated with higher Healthy Eating Index-2015 score

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 2384-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A Wolfson ◽  
Cindy W Leung ◽  
Caroline R Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjective:To examine the association between cooking frequency and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, overall and by income, among US adults.Design:Cross-sectional analysis using multivariable linear regression models to examine the association between cooking frequency and total HEI-2015 score adjusted for sociodemographic variables, overall and stratified by income.Setting:Nationally representative survey data from the USA.Participants:Adults aged ≥20 years (with 2 d of 24 h dietary recall data) obtained from the 2007 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n 8668).Results:Compared with cooking dinner 0–2 times/week, greater cooking frequency was associated with higher HEI-2015 score overall (≥7 times/week: +3·57 points, P < 0·001), among lower-income adults (≥7 times/week: +2·55 points, P = 0·001) and among higher-income adults (≥7 times/week: +5·07 points, P < 0·001). Overall, total HEI-2015 score was higher among adults living in households where dinner was cooked ≥7 times/week (54·54 points) compared with adults living in households where dinner was cooked 0–2 times/week (50·57 points). In households in which dinner was cooked ≥7 times/week, total HEI-2015 score differed significantly based on income status (lower-income: 52·51 points; higher-income: 57·35 points; P = 0·003). Cooking frequency was associated with significant differences in HEI-2015 component scores, but associations varied by income.Conclusions:More frequent cooking at home is associated with better diet quality overall and among lower- and higher-income adults, although the association between cooking and better diet quality is stronger among high-income adults. Strategies are needed to help lower-income Americans consume a healthy diet regardless of how frequently they cook at home.

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