scholarly journals Appetitive Traits in a Population-Based Study of Polish Adolescents within the PLACE-19 Study: Validation of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3889
Author(s):  
Dominika Guzek ◽  
Dominika Skolmowska ◽  
Dominika Głąbska
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
School Students ◽  
Food Avoidance ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Invariance Model ◽  
Satiety Responsiveness

Appetitive traits of food approach or food avoidance are commonly measured using the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ). However, there is no Polish version of the AEBQ validated for adolescents, and to the best of our knowledge, no study completed with the Polish version of the AEBQ has been published thus far. The present study aimed to validate the AEBQ in a population-based sample of Polish secondary school students and to assess differences in appetitive traits between boys and girls within the Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study. The PLACE-19 Study was conducted in a group of 2448 adolescents recruited in May 2020 through the random quota sampling of secondary schools. The AEBQ was used to assess food approach subscales (Food Responsiveness, Emotional Over-Eating, and Enjoyment of Food) and food avoidance subscales (Satiety Responsiveness, Emotional Under-Eating, Food Fussiness, and Slowness in Eating). To validate the questionnaire, the standardized factor loadings within confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with weighted least squares (WLS) were analyzed, and invariance was verified. The CFA presented good model fit, with χ2 = 4826.105 (degrees of freedom (df) = 384), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.069 (90% confidence interval (CI): 0.067, 0.070), comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.90, and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.08. The results revealed that, compared to the configural invariance model, the metric invariance model did not result in significantly decreased model fit, with ΔCFI = −0.002 and ΔRMSEA = −0.001, which were lower than the recommended cutoffs of 0.010 and 0.015, respectively. The scalar invariance model also did not result in significantly decreased fit of the model over the metric invariance model, with ΔCFI = −0.005 and ΔRMSEA = 0.000. Girls reported higher levels of Food Responsiveness (p < 0.0001), Emotional Over-Eating (p < 0.0001), Satiety Responsiveness (p < 0.0001), Emotional Under-Eating (p < 0.0001), and Slowness in Eating than boys (p < 0.0001), and the total AEBQ scores of girls were also higher (p < 0.0001). Positive inter-correlations were observed between all food approach subscales, as well as between Emotional Under-Eating and all food approach subscales for girls, boys, and the total sample; positive inter-correlations were also observed between the majority of food avoidance subscales. The present study confirmed the validity of the AEBQ in the studied population, and supported the associations between appetitive traits assessed using the AEBQ; it also indicated higher scores of both food approach and food avoidance subscales in girls than in boys in a population-based sample of Polish secondary school students.

scholarly journals Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among school-aged children and adolescents in 6 districts of Changsha city: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglian Liao ◽  
zehuai cai ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Wenjie Miao ◽  
Ding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Distant Visual Acuity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Abstract Background: To calculate and evaluate the prevalence of reduced uncorrected distant visual acuity (UCDVA) in primary and secondary school students in 6 districts of Changsha, Hunan, China. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in 239 schools in 6 districts of Changsha. After routine eye examination to rule out diseases that can affect refraction, 250,980 eligible students from elementary, middle and high schools were enrolled in the survey. Then the uncorrected distant and near visual acuity of each eye were measured. Categories of schools, districts, grades, eye exercises and sports time were also documented and analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of reduced UCDVA was 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6%-52.0%) in 6 districts of Changsha. Results of individual districts were as follows: Furong district 59.9%(95% CI: 57.9%-61.8%), Tianxin district 62.3%(95% CI: 60.5%-64.0%), Wangcheng district 47.8%(95% CI: 46.8%-48.8%), Kaifu district 58.5%(95% CI: 58.0%-58.9%), Yuhua district 47.0%(95% CI: 46.7%-47.4%) and Yuelu district 52.6%(95% CI: 52.3%-52.9%). The proportion of normal VA is seen to decrease from primary grade 3. The proportion of mildly reduced UCDVA is higher in primary grade 1 and 2. The proportion of moderately reduced UCDVA remains similar during 12 grades. The proportion of severely reduced UCDVA increases with grades. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of reduced UCDVA is higher in key schools (odds ratio [OR]= 1.47, 95% CI 1.44-1.50) than non-key schools. Conclusions: According to the existing data analysis results, the prevalence of reduced UCDVA among primary and secondary school students in Changsha is very high. Some effective measures need to be taken to prevent it.

Family risk factors for cannabis use: a population-based survey of Australian secondary school students

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. OLSSON ◽  
C. COFFEY ◽  
J. W. TOUMBOUROU ◽  
L. BOND ◽  
L. THOMAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Family Risk Factors ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
School Students ◽  
Population Based Survey

scholarly journals Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among school-aged children and adolescents in 6 districts of Changsha city: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglian Liao ◽  
Zehuai Cai ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Wenjie Miao ◽  
Ding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Near Visual Acuity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Abstract Background: To calculate and evaluate the prevalence of reduced visual acuity(VA) in primary and secondary school students in 6 districts of Changsha, Hunan, China. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in 239 schools in 6 districts of Changsha. After routine eye examination to rule out diseases that can affect refraction, 250,980 eligible students from elementary, middle and high schools were enrolled in the survey. Then the uncorrected distant and near visual acuity of each eye were measured. Categories of key schools, districts, grades, eye exercises and sports time were also documented and analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of reduced VA was 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6%-52.0%) in 6 districts of Changsha. Results of individual districts were as follows: Furong district 59.9%(95% CI: 57.9%-61.8%), Tianxin district 62.3%(95% CI: 60.5%-64.0%), Wangcheng district 47.8%(95% CI: 46.8%-48.8%), Kaifu district 58.5%(95% CI: 58.0%-58.9%), Yuhua district 47.0%(95% CI: 46.7%-47.4%) and Yuelu district 52.6%(95% CI: 52.3%-52.9%). The proportion of normal VA is seen to decrease from primary grade 3. The proportion of mildly reduced VA is higher in primary grade 1 and 2. The proportion of moderately reduced VA remains similar during 12 grades. The proportion of severely reduced VA increases with grades. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of reduced VA is lower in the province level key schools (odds ratio [OR]=1.23, 95% CI 1.13-1.33) than in the municipal level key schools (OR=1.47, 95% CI 1.44-1.50). Conclusion: According to the existing data analysis results, the prevalence of reduced VA among primary and secondary school students in Changsha is very high. Some effective measures need to be taken to prevent it.

scholarly journals Population-Based Study of the Changes in the Food Choice Determinants of Secondary School Students: Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Głąbska ◽  
Dominika Skolmowska ◽  
Dominika Guzek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Students ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Quota Sampling

During the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the lockdown, various changes of dietary habits are observed, including both positive and negative ones. However, the food choice determinants in this period were not studied so far for children and adolescents. The study aimed to analyze the changes in the food choice determinants of secondary school students in a national sample of Polish adolescents within the Polish Adolescents’ COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study population. The study was conducted in May 2020, based on the random quota sampling of schools (for voivodeships and counties) and a number of 2448 students from all the regions of Poland participated. The Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) (36 items) was applied twice—to analyze separately current choices (during the period of COVID-19 pandemic) and general choices (when there was no COVID-19 pandemic). For both the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, sensory appeal and price were indicated as the most important factors (with the highest scores). However, differences were observed between the scores of specific factors, while health (p < 0.0001) and weight control (p < 0.0001) were declared as more important during the period of COVID-19 pandemic, compared with the period before, but mood (p < 0.0001) and sensory appeal (p < 0.0001) as less important. The observations were confirmed for sub-groups, while female and male respondents were analyzed separately. It can be concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic may have changed the food choice determinants of Polish adolescents, as it may have increased the importance of health and weight control, but reduced the role of mood and sensory appeal. This may be interpreted as positive changes promoting the uptake of a better diet than in the period before the pandemic.

Evaluation of a Summer-School Program for Highly Gifted Secondary-School Students: The German Pupils Academy

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Neber ◽  
Kurt A. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
School Program ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Framework

Summary The German Pupils Academy (Deutsche Schüler-Akademie) is a summer-school program for highly gifted secondary-school students. Three types of program evaluation were conducted. Input evaluation confirmed the participants as intellectually highly gifted students who are intrinsically motivated and interested to attend the courses offered at the summer school. Process evaluation focused on the courses attended by the participants as the most important component of the program. Accordingly, the instructional approaches meet the needs of highly gifted students for self-regulated and discovery oriented learning. The product or impact evaluation was based on a multivariate social-cognitive framework. The findings indicate that the program contributes to promoting motivational and cognitive prerequisites for transforming giftedness into excellent performances. To some extent, the positive effects on students' self-efficacy and self-regulatory strategies are due to qualities of the learning environments established by the courses.

Ethnolinguistic Identity and Television Use in a Minority Language Setting

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Laszlo Vincze
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
German Language ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Vitality ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Identity ◽  
Television Use

Based on the model of Reid, Giles and Abrams (2004 , Zeitschrift für Medienpsychologie, 16, 17–25), this paper describes and analyzes the relation between television use and ethnolinguistic-coping strategies among German speakers in South Tyrol, Italy. The data were collected among secondary school students (N = 415) in 2011. The results indicated that the television use of the students was dominated by the German language. A mediation analysis revealed that TV viewing contributed to the perception of ethnolinguistic vitality, the permeability of intergroup boundaries, and status stability, which in turn affected ethnolinguistic-coping strategies of mobility (moving toward the outgroup), creativity (maintaining identity without confrontation), and competition (fighting for ingroup rights and respect). Findings and theoretical implications are discussed.

Smart Girls, Dumb Boys!?

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Latsch ◽  
Bettina Hannover
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
School Students ◽  
Compensatory Strategies ◽  
Media Portrayal ◽  
Stereotype Lift ◽  
The Media

We investigated effects of the media’s portrayal of boys as “scholastic failures” on secondary school students. The negative portrayal induced stereotype threat (boys underperformed in reading), stereotype reactance (boys displayed stronger learning goals towards mathematics but not reading), and stereotype lift (girls performed better in reading but not in mathematics). Apparently, boys were motivated to disconfirm their group’s negative depiction, however, while they could successfully apply compensatory strategies when describing their learning goals, this motivation did not enable them to perform better. Overall the media portrayal thus contributes to the maintenance of gender stereotypes, by impairing boys’ and strengthening girls’ performance in female connoted domains and by prompting boys to align their learning goals to the gender connotation of the domain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document