scholarly journals Mixed Tree Nut Snacks Compared to Refined Carbohydrate Snacks Resulted in Weight Loss and Increased Satiety during Both Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance: A 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1512
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Sijia Wang ◽  
Susanne M. Henning ◽  
Tianyu Qin ◽  
Yajing Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Excellent Source

Mixed tree nuts (MTNs) are an excellent source of protein and healthy fat contributing to satiety. However, their relatively high caloric content might not be beneficial in a weight loss diet. The present study was designed to test whether including MTNs in a weight loss and maintenance program interferes with weight management compared to a refined carbohydrate pretzel snack (PS). We performed a randomized, controlled, two-arm study in 95 overweight individuals consuming 1.5 oz of MTNs or PS daily as part of a hypocaloric weight loss diet (−500 kcal) over 12 weeks followed by an isocaloric weight maintenance program for 12 weeks. Participants in both groups experienced significant weight loss (12 weeks: −1.6 and −1.9 and 24 weeks: −1.5 and −1.4 kg) compared to baseline in the MTN and PS groups, respectively. However, there was no difference in weight loss and other outcome parameters between the MTN and PS groups. The MTN group showed a significant increase in satiety at 24 weeks. Both groups had a decrease in diastolic blood pressure at 12 weeks. Participants in the MTN group showed significant decreases in heart rate at 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Plasma oleic acid was significantly increased at 12 and 24 weeks in the MTN group but only at 12 weeks in the PS group. Plasma MCP-1 was decreased significantly in the MTN group at 4 weeks. In summary, participants in both groups lost weight, but only the MTN intervention increased satiety at 24 weeks, enhanced retention, decreased heart rate, and increased serum oleic acid at 24 weeks.

scholarly journals Including Mixed Tree Nut Snacks in a Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance Intervention Resulted in Weight Loss and Increased Satiety

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 320-320
Author(s):  
Susanne Henning ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Sijia Wang ◽  
Tianyu Qin ◽  
Yajing Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Tree Nuts ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Tree Nut ◽  
Maintenance Program

Abstract Objectives Tree nuts are an excellent dietary source of protein and healthy fat leading to increased satiety. Tree nuts also provide polyphenols, vitamins and minerals supporting the immune response. However, there is a concern that tree nuts are not suitable to be included in a weight loss diet due to their fat content. Therefore, it was the objective of the study to test whether including mixed tree nuts in a weight loss and maintenance program will lead to weight loss by increasing satiety and decreasing inflammation. Methods We performed a randomized, controlled, two-arm study in 95 overweight individuals consuming 1.5 oz of mixed tree nuts daily (n = 56) or equal amount of calories in the form of a pretzel snack (n = 39) as part of a hypocaloric weight loss diet (−500 calories of resting metabolic rate) for 12 wks followed by an isocaloric weight maintenance program for an additional 12 wks. Results The dropout rate was significantly lower in the tree nut (16.4%) compared to the pretzel (35.9%) group. Participants experienced significant weight loss (12 wks: −1.6 and −1.9 and 24 wks: −1.5 kg and −1.4 kg) in the tree nut and pretzel group, respectively, without difference between groups at any time point. In addition, both groups showed a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure at 12 wks and a significant increase in satiety at 24 wks, but only participants in the mixed tree nut group showed significant decrease in heart rate at 4, 12 and 24 wks. Plasma oleic acid concentration was significantly increased at 12 and 24 wks in the tree nut group, while in the pretzel group plasma oleic acid was significantly increased and stearic acid decreased at 12 wks and linolenic acid was increased at 24 wks. No change in fasting plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol was observed in both groups. No change in inflammatory markers except plasma MCP-1 was decreased significantly in the tree nut group at 4 wks. Conclusions In summary, including mixed tree nuts in a weight loss and maintenance diet can maintain compliance and promote weight loss similar to standard weight loss and maintenance diets. Although both, the mixed tree nut diet and pretzel diet resulted in decreased diastolic blood pressure, only consumption of the mixed tree nut diet led to significantly decreased heart rate and increased study retention. Funding Sources International Tree Nut Council.

scholarly journals Reduced-Calorie Dietary Weight Loss, Exercise, and Sex Hormones in Postmenopausal Women: Randomized Controlled Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (19) ◽  
pp. 2314-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin L. Campbell ◽  
Karen E. Foster-Schubert ◽  
Catherine M. Alfano ◽  
Chia-Chi Wang ◽  
Ching-Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Free Estradiol

Purpose Estrogens and androgens are elevated in obesity and associated with increased postmenopausal breast cancer risk, but the effect of weight loss on these biomarkers is unknown. We evaluated the individual and combined effects of a reduced-calorie weight loss diet and exercise on serum sex hormones in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. Patients and Methods We conducted a single-blind, 12-month, randomized controlled trial from 2005 to 2009. Participants (age 50 to 75 years; body mass index > 25.0 kg/m2, exercising < 100 minutes/wk) were randomly assigned using a computer-generated sequence to (1) reduced-calorie weight loss diet (“diet”; n = 118), (2) moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise (“exercise”; n = 117), (3) combined reduced-calorie weight loss diet and moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise (“diet + exercise”; n = 117), or (4) control (n = 87). Outcomes were estrone concentration (primary) and estradiol, free estradiol, total testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations (secondary). Results Mean age and body mass index were 58 years and 30.9 kg/m2, respectively. Compared with controls, estrone decreased 9.6% (P = .001) with diet, 5.5% (P = .01) with exercise, and 11.1% (P < .001) with diet + exercise. Estradiol decreased 16.2% (P < .001) with diet, 4.9% (P = .10) with exercise, and 20.3% (P < .001) with diet + exercise. SHBG increased 22.4% (P < .001) with diet and 25.8% (P < .001) with diet + exercise. Free estradiol decreased 21.4% (P < .001) with diet and 26.0% (P < .001) with diet + exercise. Free testosterone decreased 10.0% (P < .001) with diet and 15.6% (P < .001) with diet + exercise. Greater weight loss produced stronger effects on estrogens and SHBG. Conclusion Weight loss significantly lowered serum estrogens and free testosterone, supporting weight loss for risk reduction through lowering exposure to breast cancer biomarkers.

scholarly journals Long-Term Weight Maintenance after a 17-Week Weight Loss Intervention with or without a One-Year Maintenance Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Pekkarinen ◽  
Jarmo Kaukua ◽  
Pertti Mustajoki
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
One Year

Background. Weight lost by obese patients is almost always regained over time. Extended treatment may improve maintenance, but solid evidence is lacking.Purpose. We determined effectiveness of maintenance therapy after a weight loss program.Methods. Together 201 patients (mean age 47 years and BMI 42 kg/m2, 71% women) were randomly assigned to either a 17-week weight loss program followed by a one-year maintenance program or to a weight loss program without subsequent maintenance intervention. The weight loss program included behavior modification and a very-low-calorie diet, and maintenance program behavior modification. The primary outcome measure was percentage of patients with 5% or more weight loss at the end of maintenance (week 69) and one year later (week 121). Secondary outcomes were weight related changes in lifestyle and quality of life.Results. At week 69, 52% of the patients with and 44% of those without maintenance program had lost weight≥5%,P=0.40, and, at week 121, 33% and 34%,P=0.77, respectively. At week 121 secondary outcomes did not differ between the groups among those successfully followed up.Conclusions. This one-year maintenance program was not effective in preventing weight regain in severely obese patients.Trial Registration. This trial is registered under clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT00590655.

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