scholarly journals Phenotypic Selection of Dairy Cattle Infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus Demonstrates Immunogenetic Resilience through NGS-Based Genotyping of BoLA MHC Class II Genes

Pathogens ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Chaelynne E. Lohr ◽  
Kelly R. B. Sporer ◽  
Kelsey A. Brigham ◽  
Laura A. Pavliscak ◽  
Matelyn M. Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Study Population

Characterization of the bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) DRB3 gene has shown that specific alleles associate with susceptibility or resilience to the progression of bovine leukemia virus (BLV), measured by proviral load (PVL). Through surveillance of multi-farm BLV eradication field trials, we observed differential phenotypes within seropositive cows that persist from months to years. We sought to develop a multiplex next-generation sequencing workflow (NGS-SBT) capable of genotyping 384 samples per run to assess the relationship between BLV phenotype and two BoLA genes. We utilized longitudinal results from milk ELISA screening and subsequent blood collections on seropositive cows for PVL determination using a novel BLV proviral load multiplex qPCR assay to phenotype the cows. Repeated diagnostic observations defined two distinct phenotypes in our study population, ELISA-positive cows that do not harbor detectable levels of provirus and those who do have persistent proviral loads. In total, 565 cows from nine Midwest dairy farms were selected for NGS-SBT, with 558 cows: 168 BLV susceptible (ELISA-positive/PVL-positive) and 390 BLV resilient (ELISA-positive/PVL-negative) successfully genotyped. Three BoLA-DRB3 alleles, including one novel allele, were shown to associate with disease resilience, *009:02, *044:01, and *048:02 were found at rates of 97.5%, 86.5%, and 90.3%, respectively, within the phenotypically resilient population. Alternatively, DRB3*015:01 and *027:03, both known to associate with disease progression, were found at rates of 81.1% and 92.3%, respectively, within the susceptible population. This study helps solidify the immunogenetic relationship between BoLA-DRB3 alleles and BLV infection status of these two phenotypic groupings of US dairy cattle.

Identification of bovine leukocyte antigen class II haplotypes associated with variations in bovine leukemia virus proviral load in Japanese Black cattle

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Miyasaka ◽  
S.-n. Takeshima ◽  
M. Jimba ◽  
Y. Matsumoto ◽  
N. Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen

scholarly journals BoLA-DRB3 Polymorphism is Associated with Differential Susceptibility to Bovine Leukemia Virus-Induced Lymphoma and Proviral Load

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Wen Lo ◽  
Liushiqi Borjigin ◽  
Susumu Saito ◽  
Koya Fukunaga ◽  
Etsuko Saitou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Polymorphic Gene ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Enzootic Bovine Leucosis

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leucosis. However, less than 5% of BLV-infected cattle will develop lymphoma, suggesting that, in addition to viral infection, host genetic polymorphisms might play a role in disease susceptibility. Bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 is a highly polymorphic gene associated with BLV proviral load (PVL) susceptibility. Due to the fact that PVL is positively associated with disease progression, it is believed that controlling PVL can prevent lymphoma development. Thus, many studies have focused on the relationship between PVL and BoLA-DRB3. Despite this, there is little information regarding the relationship between lymphoma and BoLA-DRB3. Furthermore, whether or not PVL-associated BoLA-DRB3 is linked to lymphoma-associated BoLA-DRB3 has not been clarified. Here, we investigated whether or not lymphoma-associated BoLA-DRB3 is correlated with PVL-associated BoLA-DRB3. We demonstrate that two BoLA-DRB3 alleles were specifically associated with lymphoma resistance (*010:01 and *011:01), but no lymphoma-specific susceptibility alleles were found; furthermore, two other alleles, *002:01 and *012:01, were associated with PVL resistance and susceptibility, respectively. In contrast, lymphoma and PVL shared two resistance-associated (DRB3*014:01:01 and *009:02) BoLA-DRB3 alleles. Interestingly, we found that PVL associated alleles, but not lymphoma associated alleles, are related with the anti-BLV gp51 antibody production level in cows. Overall, our study is the first to demonstrate that the BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism confers differential susceptibility to BLV-induced lymphoma and PVL.

scholarly journals Bayesian Estimation of the True Seroprevalence and Risk Factor Analysis of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Pakistan

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404
Author(s):  
Ali Sakhawat ◽  
Marzena Rola-Łuszczak ◽  
Zbigniew Osiński ◽  
Nazia Bibi ◽  
Jacek Kuźmak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Exotic Breed ◽  
Posterior Estimate

The objective of this study was to determine the true seroprevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in dairy cattle from Pakistan at the animal and herd-level. We tested 1380 dairy cattle from 451 herds and 92 water buffalo. The sera were tested by ELISA and the results were analyzed using Bayesian inference. The median posterior estimate of the herd level true BLV prevalence was 1.4%, with a 95% credible interval (CI) 0.7–3.1, whereas the median posterior estimate of the within-farm true seroprevalence was 3.8% with a 95% CI 2.8–4.8. All 92 sera collected from water buffalo were negative. Several risk factors potentially associated with seropositivity to BLV infections in Pakistan were analyzed using logistic regression model based on calculation of an odds ratio (OR). The study showed an association between seropositivity and medium herd (≥50) size (OR = 23.57, 95% CI: 3.01–103.48). Common housing of indigenous cattle with exotic-breed cattle (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 06–2.35) or housing indigenous or their crossbred cattle with exotic-breed cattle (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.14–3.01) had no effect on the BLV seroprevalence. Similarly, common housing of cattle and water buffalo was not risk factor for increased BLV seropositivity (OR = 27.10, 95% CI: 0.63–119.34).

Lack of association between amino acid sequences of the bovine leukemia virus envelope and varying stages of infection in dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 197866
Author(s):  
Fernando Cerón Téllez ◽  
Ana Silvia González Méndez ◽  
Jorge Luis Tórtora Pérez ◽  
Elizabeth Loza-Rubio ◽  
Hugo Ramírez Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Virus Envelope

scholarly journals Association between bovine leukemia virus proviral load and severity of clinical mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1431-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko WATANABE ◽  
Hironobu MURAKAMI ◽  
Seiichi KAKINUMA ◽  
Koki MURAO ◽  
Kaori OHMAE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Clinical Mastitis

Epidemiologic Study on Enzootic Bovine Leukemia Using Serologic Tests and Hematologic Examinations

1977 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Domenico Rutili ◽  
Maurizio Severini ◽  
Luigi Rampichini ◽  
Francesco Titoli ◽  
Umberto Chicchini
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Serologic Tests ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
History Of

In order to find suitable diagnostic procedures to use in an epidemiologic survey for the detection of animals infected with the bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the authors conducted an investigation on 262 Friesian dairy cattle. The results of hematologic, serologic, and electron microscopic examinations are reported. Evaluation of the results demonstrated the validity of the immunodiffusion and immunofluorescence tests and the opportunity for their use in conjunction with examination of the blood picture. From the data reported it would appear useful to extend the investigation to the herds without history of lymphosarcoma.

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