scholarly journals Empowering Women: Moving from Awareness to Action at the Immunology of Fungal Infections Gordon Research Conference

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Ballou ◽  
Sarah L. Gaffen ◽  
Neil A. R. Gow ◽  
Amy G. Hise
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Scientific Meeting ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Graduate Degree Programs ◽  
Academic Advancement

Despite the high prevalence of women in graduate degree programs and equal or more women earning PhDs, MDs, and MD/PhDs, and despite efforts at individual and institutional levels to promote women in STEM fields, there remains a disparity in pay and academic advancement of women. Likewise, there is a paucity of women in top scientific and academic leadership positions. The causes of this gender disparity are complex and multi-factorial and to date no “magic bullet” approach has been successful in changing the landscape for women in academic and scientific fields. In this report we detail our experiences with a novel mechanism for promoting discussion and raising awareness of the challenges of gender disparity in the sciences. The Gordon Research Conferences (GRC) launched the Power Hour at its meetings in 2016: a dedicated, scheduled session held during the scientific meeting to facilitate discussion of challenges specific to women in science. Here we share our experience with hosting the second Power Hour at the 2019 GRC Immunology of Fungal Infections (IFI) meeting held in Galveston, TX. We will discuss the overall structure, key discussion points, and feedback from participants with the aim of supporting future efforts to empower women and underrepresented minority groups in science.

Raising Successful African American Young Women What We Have Learned

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freeman A. Hrabowski ◽  
Kenneth I. Maton ◽  
Monica Greene ◽  
Geoffrey L. Greif
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
African American Girls ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Career Opportunities

It is important to remember that the young women in our study are successful not simply in general, but they have excelled in high school and college math and science courses and performed well on standardized tests. Their success is especially significant in the light of recent legal decisions regarding affirmative action. These decisions make it more difficult for minority children to gain admission to some of the nation’s colleges and universities. The critical challenge minority children face is that if their grades and test scores—the traditional measures of success—are not as competitive as those of their White or Asian counterparts, these underrepresented minority groups may not be able to take advantage of all the educational and career opportunities available in our society. Therefore, we must do all we can to strengthen and elevate the academic performance of these students well before they enter college. We know that schools and teachers are critical in the educational process, and understandably they receive a great deal of attention when we look at student-achievement levels. However, we need to focus much more attention on the role of families in this process, particularly in preparing daughters for success in school. Both parents and daughters agreed that parental or family support, in addition to natural ability, was a major reason for the daughters’ success. We have learned that raising African American girls to become high-achieving women in science is a complex and exciting challenge. The past six chapters have focused on what we have learned from slightly more than one hundred families of successful African American college women in science. The book uses and analyzes the voices of the parents and daughters to illuminate the journeys of these families over three generations. What emerges from their diverse perspectives and backgrounds is a rich and colorful tapestry that helps us understand the values, practices, and strategies that have led to the daughters’ success. The daughters in our study come from a variety of familial, geographic, educational, and economic backgrounds.

Improving physician diversity and inclusion benefits physicians and patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hillier ◽  
Kiera Keglowitsch ◽  
Marni Panas ◽  
Blaire Anderson ◽  
Sandy Widder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Canadian Health Care System ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Academic Advancement ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Canadian Health

A diverse physician workforce in the Canadian health care system would result in more cultural competence, greater patient satisfaction, and improved population health. However, increasing representation and diversity does not automatically resolve issues of inequity, inequality, and discrimination. In this article, we discuss three broad areas of health care — the clinical environment, academic advancement, and leadership — that require intentional, systemic change if we are to make a lasting impact in terms of increasing the diversity and inclusion of underrepresented groups in medicine, and consequently, improve health outcomes. Inclusive and equitable practices to target pay inequity, unconscious bias, opposition to career advancement, and sexual harassment are integral to diverse physician recruitment and retention. Equity strategies and checks to remediate systemic biases in academic advancement through grant funding, academic criteria of merit for promotion, and the acknowledgment of differences of experience can be employed to improve equity in academic medicine. The long-standing culture, policies, and traditions of institutions within the medical establishment must be combated with a collaborative effort to foster equity through the engagement of academics and physicians from underrepresented minority groups, and the implementation of implicit bias training and meaningful accountability for creating a safe, equitable work environment for diverse physicians. Any proposed solution to improve equity and diversity should not be taken as a fixed principle to follow uncritically, but rather as a starting point for understanding and implementing the unique changes required in various local contexts.

Will We Ever Close the Gender Gap Among Top Mathematics Achievers? Analysis of Recent Trends by Race in Advanced Placement (AP) Exams

2021 ◽  
pp. 016235322110445
Author(s):  
A. Kadir Bahar
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Placement ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Ap Calculus ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Mathematics

Analyzing the test scores of more than 10,000,000 students who participated in the Advanced Placement (AP) math exams from 1997 to 2019, this study examined the direction and magnitude of the trend in gender disparity by race in participation in and top achievement on AP Calculus AB, Calculus BC, and Statistics exams. The results of this study indicated that, in general, females’ representation in all three AP exams increased significantly. Although the findings indicated that the female-to-male ratios (FMRs) in participation in the AP math exams increased significantly from 1997 to 2019 and favored females for all races, the gender disparities among top achievers for all math exams are still substantial. The relationships between the FMRs in participation and top achievement for all AP math exams were also analyzed within races, and the possible impacts of these findings within the context of the underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields were also discussed.

Increasing underrepresented minority cancer patient enrollment into cancer clinical trials: A systematic review.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18574-e18574
Author(s):  
Rosa Nouvini ◽  
Patricia A. Parker ◽  
Charlotte Malling ◽  
Kendra Godwin ◽  
Rosario Costas-Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Clinical Trial Enrollment ◽  
Recruitment Model

e18574 Background: Minorities continue to be underrepresented in clinical trials despite the National Institute of Health’s Revitalization Act, passed in 1993, mandating the representation of women and underrepresented minority groups in clinical trials. Studies have shown that although Blacks represent 15% and Hispanics 13% of the cancer population, their clinical trial enrollment rates in are disproportionately low at 4-6% and 3-6% respectively. We conducted a systematic review exploring interventions aimed at improving clinical trial enrollment for racial and ethnic minorities. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Ovid PsycINFO was conducted for English-language studies of humans since 1993. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed, U.S.-based studies with interventions aimed to recruit underrepresented minority adult cancer patients into cancer clinical trials. We defined underrepresented minority groups as Black, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander. Results: A total of 2471 titles and abstracts were identified and 2324 were excluded based on the eligibility criteria. A full text review was conducted of the remaining 147 articles, of which only 9 met criteria for our review. The interventions included patient navigation/coaching (n = 4), a clinical trial educational video (n = 2), institutional research infrastructure changes (n = 1), a relationship building and social marketing recruitment model (n = 1) and cultural competency training for providers (n = 1). Studies were conducted in a variety of practice settings including national cancer institutes and community practices. The quality of evidence was limited by the heterogeneity of study methods, patient representation and bias. Several studies had a homogeneous population of Black patients. Most studies (n = 7) were single arm trials that compared results to either historical controls or those cited in the existing literature; two studies were randomized controlled trials. A statistically significant improvement in accrual was shown in three of the patient navigation interventions, one of the clinical trial educational videos, the institutional research infrastructure change and the relationship building and social marketing recruitment model. The common threads to many of these successful interventions were support through the cancer care continuum, cultural congruency of research staff and culturally catered clinical trial educational materials. Conclusions: This systematic review illustrates several mechanisms by which to increase cancer clinical trial recruitment for cancer patients of underrepresented minority backgrounds in a variety of clinical settings. Randomized controlled trials with representation of multiple races/ethnicities are needed to further explore the benefits of these interventions.

High Tech, High Touch, High Context

2014 ◽  
pp. 30-48
Author(s):  
Matthew Eichler ◽  
Carrie J. Boden-McGill ◽  
Tennille Lasker-Scott
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Degree Programs ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Graduate Degree Programs ◽  
The Social

In this chapter, the authors explore the challenge of maintaining a “high touch” learning environment in online and hybrid adult graduate degree programs. The literature suggests that although online degree programs are popular, the retention rate in online classes is low, and online courses may not meet the social needs of adult learners. Few interventions thus far have been successful. The authors used learning pods, small, geographically-oriented teams of students working on individual learning projects as self-directed communities of scholars, as an intervention. Student perceptions of learning pods are explored in this chapter, and suggestions for practice based on student feedback are offered.

Survey of Graduate Degree Procedures in Atmospheric Sciences

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
Roland Stull ◽  
Steven Businger
Keyword(s):  
Program Planning ◽  
Grade Point Averages ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
Master Of Science ◽  
Graduate Degree Programs ◽  
University Departments ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy

To document the inner workings of graduate degree programs, the authors surveyed the 67 American and Canadian universities that grant Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and/or Master of Science (M.S.) degrees in the atmospheric sciences and related fields. Topics included (a) admission standards such as graduate record exam scores and grade point averages; (b) start-up issues such as course requirements and computer programming skills; (c) M.S. attributes such as thesis length, years until graduation, and thesis versus nonthesis options; (d) Ph.D. procedures such as exam sequences and timing, thesis page length, workplace ethics and teamwork, and development of teaching skills; and (e) employment after graduation. This information could aid university departments in their future program planning.

Cultural Adaptation of Preventive Interventions in Hispanic Youth

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. St. George ◽  
J. Rubén Parra-Cardona ◽  
Denise C. Vidot ◽  
Lourdes M. Molleda ◽  
Ana Quevedo Terán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Hispanic Youth ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Improve Health ◽  
The Continuum

Hispanics experience significant physical and behavioral health disparities compared to their racial and ethnic counterparts. To combat these health disparities, evidence-based interventions (EBIs) that prevent risk and promote protective factors within the broader context of culture must be systematically developed and disseminated. The purpose of this chapter is to describe key concepts related to the content and process of developing culturally relevant preventive interventions. The continuum of approaches for developing culturally relevant preventive interventions, including strengths and limitations, practical considerations, and recommendations for overcoming existing challenges, are discussed. Two exemplar preventive interventions targeting Hispanic youth and families, Criando con Amor: Promoviendo Armonia y Superación and Familias Unidas, are also highlighted. The approaches described in this chapter may maximize intervention effects and improve health outcomes for underrepresented minority groups, such as Hispanics.

scholarly journals Student Services in China

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Arnold ◽  
Hong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Student Development ◽  
Student Services ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Administrative Positions ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Graduate Degree Programs ◽  
New Graduate ◽  
Development Movement ◽  
Career Advising

The profession of student affairs in Chinese higher education is expanding and taking on new forms in response to increased postsecondary participation and changing economic and social conditions. Universities throughout China are establishing new and reconfigured administrative positions and structures charged with non-academic student services such as career advising, mental health counseling, and financial aid advising. Government statements, new graduate degree programs, and research on college students point to an emergent student development movement in China whose contours are still forming.

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