scholarly journals Prolonged Administration of Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. Prevents Impairment of Redox Status, Renal Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Damage in 2K1C-Hypertensive Rats by Inhibiting ACE Activity and NO-GMPC Pathway Activation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1579
Author(s):  
Fernanda Viana Paulin ◽  
Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi ◽  
Bethânia Rosa Lorençone ◽  
Arthur Ladeira Macedo ◽  
Lucas Pires Guarnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Cardiovascular Damage ◽  
Cgmp Pathway

Rudgea viburnoides is widely found in the Brazilian Cerrado, and commonly used in Brazilian folk medicine. In this study, we evaluated the effects of prolonged administration of the aqueous extract from R. viburnoides leaves (AERV) on impaired redox status, renal dysfunction, and cardiovascular damage in 2K1C hypertensive rats, as well as its chemical composition by LC-DAD-MS. Renal hypertension (two kidney, one-clip model) was surgically induced in male Wistar rats and AERV (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) was administered orally five weeks after surgery for 28 days. Renal function was assessed and urinary electrolytes, pH, and density were measured. Electrocardiography, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Cardiac and mesenteric vascular beds were isolated for cardiac morphometry and evaluation of vascular reactivity, and aortic rings were also isolated for measurement of cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels, and the redox status was assessed. Prolonged treatment with AERV preserved urine excretion and electrolyte levels (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl−), reversed electrocardiographic changes, left ventricular hypertrophy and changes in vascular reactivity induced by hypertension, and reduced blood pressure and heart rate. This effect was associated with a positive modulation of tissue redox state, activation of the NO/cGMP pathway, and inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme. Glycosylated iridoids, chlorogenic acids, glycosylated triterpenes, O-glycosylated flavonols, and triterpenoid saponins were annotated. AERV showed no acute toxicity in female Wistar rats. Therefore, AERV treatment reduced the progression of cardiorenal disease in 2K1C hypertensive rats, which can be involved with an important attenuation of oxidative stress, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, and activation of the NO/cGMP pathway.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive Effect ofSyzygium cuminiin Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Melo Ribeiro ◽  
Vicente Férrer Pinheiro Neto ◽  
Kllysmann Santos Ribeiro ◽  
Denilson Amorim Vieira ◽  
Iracelle Carvalho Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

This study evaluated thein vivopotential antihypertensive effect of hydroalcoholic extract ofSyzygium cuminileaves (HESC) in normotensive Wistar rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as itsin vitroeffect on the vascular reactivity of resistance arteries. The hypotensive effect caused by intravenous infusion of HESC (0.01–4.0 mg/kg) in anesthetized Wistar rats was dose-dependent and was partially inhibited by pretreatment with atropine sulfate. SHR received HESC (0.5 g/kg/day), orally, for 8 weeks and mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and vascular reactivity were evaluated. Daily oral administration of HESC resulted in a time-dependent blood pressure reduction in SHR, with a maximum reduction of 62%. In the endothelium-deprived superior mesenteric arteries rings the treatment with HESC reduced by 40% the maximum effect (Emax⁡) of contraction induced by NE. The contractile response to calcium and NE of endothelium-deprived mesenteric rings isolated from untreated SHR was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by HESC (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL). This study demonstrated thatSyzygium cuminireduces the blood pressure and heart rate of SHR and that this antihypertensive effect is probably due to the inhibition of arterial tone and extracellular calcium influx.

Neural regulation of kidney function by the somatosensory system in normotensive and hypertensive rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (5) ◽  
pp. R1749-R1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Chunlong Huang ◽  
Edward J. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Renal Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Rate Frequency ◽  
Renal Sympathetic

This investigation examined the renal sympathetic nerve and renal excretory responses to somatosensory stimulation in normotensive and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Somatosensory activation was achieved by either subcutaneous capsaicin administration or exposure of the airways tract to irritant fumes from acetic acid in chloralose-urethan-anesthetized animals. In Wistar rats, blood pressure increased between 10 and 20% ( P < 0.001–0.01), renal perfusion pressure was maintained unchanged, renal hemodynamics were unaltered, and urine flow and sodium excretion were decreased by 25 to 50% ( P < 0.001–0.05). In the SHRSP, the somatosensory-induced increases in blood pressure were slightly larger (∼15–20% P < 0.05) than those of the Wistar rats, whereas the excretory responses were one-half those of the normotensive animals ( P < 0.05). The somatosensory challenges reflexly increased integrated renal sympathetic nerve activity in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. The power spectral analysis demonstrated that the increases in percentage power at heart rate frequency and total power were two to three times more ( P < 0.05) in the Wistar rats compared with the SHRSP. The reduced ability of the SHRSP to modulate the energy in the renal sympathetic nerve signal at heart rate frequency might explain in part the attenuated functional responses to the somatosensory challenges.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Evaluated in Permanently Catheterized, Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 3566-3569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Fuglsang ◽  
Dan Nilsson ◽  
Niels C. B. Nyborg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Arterial Blood

ABSTRACT In this study, two strains of Lactobacillus helveticus were used to produce fermented milk rich in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In vitro tests revealed that the two milks contained competitive inhibitors of ACE in amounts comparable to what has been obtained in previously reported studies. The two milks were administered by gavage to spontaneously hypertensive rats that had had a permanent aortic catheter inserted through the left arteria carotis, and mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were monitored from 4 to 8 h after administration. Unfermented milk and milk fermented with a lactococcal strain that does not produce inhibitors were used as controls. Highly significant blood pressure effects were observed; i.e., milk fermented with the two strains of L. helveticus gave a more pronounced drop in blood pressure than the controls. Significant differences in heart rate effects were detected with one of the strains.

Ruta montana evokes antihypertensive activity through increase of prosta-glandins release in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Ouady Fadwa ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Vasorelaxant Activity ◽  
Ruta Montana

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate experimentally the antihypertensive effect of Ruta Montana. Background: Ruta montana L. is traditionally used in Moroccan herbal medicine to treat hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate experimentally the hypotensive and vasoactive properties of this plant. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Ruta Montana on blood pressure parameters in LNAME-induced hypertensive rats and to determine the vasorelaxant activity of this aqueous extract. Methods: The antihypertensive effect of the aqueous extract obtained from Ruta montana aerial parts (RMAPAE) (200 mg/kg) was evaluated in normal and anesthetized hypertensive rats. Blood pressure parameters (systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) and heart rate were measured using a tail-cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. The acute and chronic effect of RMAPAE was recorded during 6 hours for the acute experiment and during 7 days for the sub-chronic test. In the other set, the vasorelaxant effect of RMAPAE on the contractile response was undertaken in isolated thoracic aorta. Results: The results indicated that RMAPAE extract significantly decreased SBP, MBP, DBP and heart rate in L-NAMEinduced hypertensive rats. Furthermore, RMAPAE was demonstrated to induce a dose dependent relaxation in the aorta precontracted with Epinephrine or KCl. More interestingly, this vasorelaxant activity of RMAPAE seems to be probably mediated through the prostaglandins pathway. Conclusion: The present study illustrates the beneficial action of Ruta montana on hypertension and supports then its use as an antihypertensive agent.

Increased Pressor Responsiveness to Enkephalin in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: The Role of Vasopressin

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 235s-237s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Rockhold ◽  
J. T. Crofton ◽  
L. Share
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Methionine Enkephalin ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto Rats ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

1. The cardiovascular effects of an enkephalin analogue were examined in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. (D-Ala2)-methionine enkephalin caused a biphasic increase in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate after intracerebroventricular injection. 2. The initial pressor response to (D-Ala2)-methionine enkephalin was greater in hypertensive than in normotensive rats. No difference was noted between groups during the secondary pressor response. Heart rate increases paralleled the secondary increase in blood pressure. 3. Naloxone pretreatment abolished the secondary increase in blood pressure and the tachycardia, but did not blunt the initial pressor response in female Wistar-Kyoto rats. 4. Plasma levels of arginine vasopressin were depressed during the plateau phase of the pressor response in hypertensive rats given intracerebroventricular (d-Ala2)-methionine enkephalin. 5. The results suggest that the cardiovascular effects of central enkephalin are not due to vasopressin, but may involve activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

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