scholarly journals Use of Analogy in the Development of Intercultural Competence

Philosophies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Abe
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Rational Learning

Analogy is defined in many different ways. In this paper it is understood as a process in which the familiar structure of a direct experience in one situation is used to make conclusions regarding an expected experience within another structure. This process is based on the perceived similarity of the structures, not on rational, theoretical analysis of the relations between their components and the mechanisms of their interactions. The use of analogy relies on the engagement of intuitive recognition of the structural similarity between different instances of experience. The engagement of intuition does not preclude rational study and the development of strategies for using analogy, as part of this work focuses on rational learning about our own experience. Analogy plays two very different roles in this paper; as the main subject of this study, which focuses on the development of intercultural competence, and as a methodological instrument for carrying out and sharing the results of this study.

scholarly journals Bilingual practices as a means of intercultural communication under the globalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00106
Author(s):  
Olga Tomyuk ◽  
Margarita Dyachkova ◽  
Anna Shutaleva ◽  
Anastasia Novgorodtseva ◽  
Andrei Dudchik
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Intercultural Communications ◽  
Communicative Activities ◽  
The University

The article is devoted to the problem of intercultural communication and identifying the significance of bilingual practices in the context of globalization. A review of the research on this issue proposes to consider bilingual practices as a means of intercultural communication. A review of the research on this issue proposes to consider bilingual practices as a means of intercultural communication. It is proved that the basis of bilingual practices of students of the university is social action. The results of a theoretical analysis of the problem and practical activities in this area confirm the possibility of designing bilingual practices as an effective means of intercultural communication. The novelty of the research consists in substantiating the potential of bilingual practices for solving intercultural communications that are significant for students of the university. The bases of this study performed on the methodological foundations of the activity and socio-cultural approaches. The results of the inclusion of bilingual practices as educational and extracurricular events in the communicative activities of students through training on the educational programs of the university, organization of project activities aimed at developing their intercultural competence are formulated

Recognition of Computer-Generated Trees

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (26) ◽  
pp. 2215-2218
Author(s):  
Valerie K. Sims ◽  
Charles E. Hughes ◽  
J. Michael Moshell ◽  
James E. Cotton ◽  
Jiangjian Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Distractor Task ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Original Tree

This research assessed the importance of rendering specific details when creating a virtual forest. Specifically, we examined memory for computer-generated trees using a modified recognition task in which participants were shown a target tree, engaged in a distractor task, and then ranked the similarity of seven foils to the original tree they had seen. Five of the foils represented changes on only one dimension of the tree whereas the other two foils represented modifications to either five features previously identified as salient or all nine tree features. Results showed that similarity rankings were largely based on overall structural similarity of the trees as opposed to similarity on smaller details such as branch thickness or leaf size. Additionally, perceived similarity rankings varied as a function of the symmetry of the tree. Virtual forests need to show realism for different features depending on the forest type.

A. Requirements for Large Domes

1966 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 165-182
Keyword(s):  
Main Subject

In continuing the sessions of the symposium, the main subject this afternoon has to do with domes and their facilities. This, of course, is a very important subject for observatories, because the dome serves much more of a purpose than simply to protect the telescope from wind or rain.

Microdiffraction Patterns of Small Metallic Particles II; Theoretical Analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
A. Gómez ◽  
P. Schabes-Retchkiman ◽  
M. José-Yacamán ◽  
T. Ocaña
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Splitting Effect

The splitting effect that is observed in microdiffraction pat-terns of small metallic particles in the size range 50-500 Å can be understood using the dynamical theory of electron diffraction for the case of a crystal containing a finite wedge. For the experimental data we refer to part I of this work in these proceedings.

Virus-Like Particles in a Human Breast Cancer: Structural Similarity to Previously Reported Particles

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
G. Kasnic ◽  
S. E. Stewart ◽  
C. Urbanski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Human Tumor Cell ◽  
Type Particle

We have reported the maturation of an intracisternal A-type particle in murine plasma cell tumor cultures and three human tumor cell cultures (rhabdomyosarcoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and osteogenic sarcoma) after IUDR-DMSO activation. In all of these studies the A-type particle seems to develop into a form with an electron dense nucleoid, presumably mature, which is also intracisternal. A similar intracisternal A-type particle has been described in leukemic guinea pigs. Although no biological activity has yet been demonstrated for these particles, on morphologic grounds, and by the manner in which they develop within the cell, they may represent members of the same family of viruses.

Structural similarity of ribosomes from E. coli and A. salina

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
M. Boublik ◽  
R.M. Wydro ◽  
W. Hellmann ◽  
F. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Biological Assays ◽  
E Coli ◽  
And Function ◽  
Fine Carbon

Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles necessary for processing the genetic information of mRNA into proteins. Analogy in composition and function of ribosomes from diverse species, established by biochemical and biological assays, implies their structural similarity. Direct evidence obtained by electron microscopy seems to be of increasing relevance in understanding the structure of ribosomes and the mechanism of their role in protein synthesis.The extent of the structural homology between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes has been studied on ribosomes of Escherichia coli (E.c.) and Artemia salina (A.s.). Despite the established differences in size and in the amount and proportion of ribosomal proteins and RNAs both types of ribosomes show an overall similarity. The monosomes (stained with 0.5% aqueous uranyl acetate and deposited on a fine carbon support) appear in the electron micrographs as round particles with a diameter of approximately 225Å for the 70S E.c. (Fig. 1) and 260Å for the 80S A.s. monosome (Fig. 2).

Role of the Small (40S) Subunits in the Structure of the Interface of Eukaryotic Ribosomes

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
M. Boublik ◽  
N. Robakis ◽  
W. Hellmann ◽  
F. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Structural Similarity ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Peptide Bond Formation ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Direct Technique ◽  
Structural Details

Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles which process the genetic information coded in mRNA into protein synthesis. The analogy in function and composition of ribosomes from various sources, both prokaryotic and eukaryo-tic, imply a structural similarity. At present, high resolution electron microscopy is the most direct technique with a potential to resolve the extent of the structural homology of ribosomal particles at a macromolecular level. The structure of ribosomes is highly complex as a result of the large number of their constituents. In general, 80S eukaryotic monosomes consist of two uneven subunits - large (60S) and small (40S) - accomodating four different RNAs and approximately 80 different proteins. Mutual orientation of both subunits on the monosome is of particular interest because it determines the interface, the supposed site of interactions of ribosomes with other macro-molecules involved in peptide bond formation. Since entrapping of the contrasting solution (0.5% aqueous uranyl acetate) obscures all structural details in the interface, information on its architecture is limited to an indirect reconstruction based on the established 3-D structure of both sub-units and their mutual position after association.

Insights into the biochemical and functional characterization of sortase E transpeptidase of Corynebacterium glutamicum

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3835-3847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyath Susmitha ◽  
Kesavan Madhavan Nampoothiri ◽  
Harsha Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Protein Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Sortase A ◽  
Peptide Cleavage ◽  
New Findings

Most Gram-positive bacteria contain a membrane-bound transpeptidase known as sortase which covalently incorporates the surface proteins on to the cell wall. The sortase-displayed protein structures are involved in cell attachment, nutrient uptake and aerial hyphae formation. Among the six classes of sortase (A–F), sortase A of S. aureus is the well-characterized housekeeping enzyme considered as an ideal drug target and a valuable biochemical reagent for protein engineering. Similar to SrtA, class E sortase in GC rich bacteria plays a housekeeping role which is not studied extensively. However, C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, an industrially important organism known for amino acid production, carries a single putative sortase (NCgl2838) gene but neither in vitro peptide cleavage activity nor biochemical characterizations have been investigated. Here, we identified that the gene is having a sortase activity and analyzed its structural similarity with Cd-SrtF. The purified enzyme showed a greater affinity toward LAXTG substrate with a calculated KM of 12 ± 1 µM, one of the highest affinities reported for this class of enzyme. Moreover, site-directed mutation studies were carried to ascertain the structure functional relationship of Cg-SrtE and all these are new findings which will enable us to perceive exciting protein engineering applications with this class of enzyme from a non-pathogenic microbe.

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