scholarly journals Effect of Seed Coating and PEG-Induced Drought on the Germination Capacity of Five Clover Crops

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Antonín Kintl ◽  
Igor Huňady ◽  
Tomáš Vymyslický ◽  
Vladěna Ondrisková ◽  
Tereza Hammerschmiedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Anthyllis Vulneraria ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Peg 8000 ◽  
Coated Seed

The effect of coating the seed of clover crops by water absorbing seed process (WASP) technology pelletization on its germination capacity was studied in conditions of diverse drought intensities simulated by different concentrations of polyethylenglycol (PEG) 8000 solution. Drought resistance was monitored in the seed of five fodder clover species: Anthyllis vulneraria L., Medicago lupulina L., Trifolium repens L., Melilotus albus Medik. and Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. In the seed of given plant species, germination capacity was determined along with the share of dead and hard seeds. Although the coating significantly (p < 0.05) affected the drought resistance of seeds, the germination capacity increased only in conditions of milder drought (simulation with PEG: 0.1–0.3 mol). With the increasing intensity of drought induced by higher PEG concentrations (0.4–0.7 mol) the number of germinable seeds demonstrably decreased and the number of dead seeds increased in the coated seed as compared with the uncoated seed. The coated seed can be appropriate for use in M. lupulina, M. albus and T. repens, while the uncoated seed can be used in A. vulneraria and O. viciifolia.

scholarly journals Ocena tolerancji wybranych gatunków traw i roślin motylkowatych na zasolenie środowiska [Salt tolerance of grasses and leguminous plants]

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Zawadzka
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Trifolium Resupinatum

11 species of grasses and 10 species of leguminous plants were tested for salt tolerance. The biotest of germination viability and capacity in soline water was performed. The results proved usefulness of using seeds as bioin-dicators and allowed to show the significant interspecific differences. The following species – <i>Lolium perenne, L. multiflorum, Festuca pratensis, Arrhenetherum elatius, Trifolium resupinatum, T. incarnatum</i> and <i>Melilotus albus</i> show high level of tolerance. The less tolerant species were: <i>Festuca ovina, Agrostis alba, Trifolium repens, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina and Medicago sativa</i>.

scholarly journals The influence of grassing and harvest management on microbial parameters after arable land setting-aside

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 382-388
Author(s):  
K. Voříšek ◽  
L. Růžek ◽  
M. Svobodová ◽  
J. Šantrůček ◽  
S. Strnadová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Potential Nitrification ◽  
Biomass Removal ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Arrhenatherum Elatius

During the years 1998&ndash;2000 soil chemical (C<sub>org</sub>, N<sub>t</sub>, pH), textural (sand, silt clay) and microbiological (microbial biomass carbon &ndash; CMB, microbial extracellular carbon &ndash; C<sub>EX</sub>, respiration, ammonification, nitrification) characteristics were tested on grassed chernozem [mollisol] after arable land setting-aside. Different harvest management was also tested: black and green fallow, one or two mulching per year, three cuts with plant biomass removal. For the evaluation of the influence of management and plants we have used three main criteria: (1) &micro;g C<sub>MB</sub>/g dry soil, (2) ratio CMB/C<sub>org</sub>&nbsp;(%), (3) &micro;g C<sub>EX</sub>/mg CMB or eight criteria respectively: (4) ratio of measured and model values of C<sub>MB</sub>, (5) ratio of measured and model values of C<sub>EX</sub>/C<sub>MB</sub>, (6) potential respiration with glucose, (7) potential ammonification with peptone and (8) potential nitrification with (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. According to these criteria, the best harvest management after arable land setting-aside from 5 different systems, which were tested, could be based on one or two mulching per year. It could be stressed that the two mulching was evaluated as the best in sum of dry mass yield (27.5 for mixtures, 20.1 for legumes and 14.2 for grasses &ndash; in t/ha/3 years). The use of legumes (Trifolium repens L. &ndash; Medicago lupulina L. &ndash; Lotus corniculatus L. &ndash; Medicago media Pers.) or grasses [Bromus catharticus Vahl &ndash; Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Presl &ndash; Festuca pratensis Huds &ndash; Dactylis aschersoniana Graebn.] as cover plants was more successful than the use of their mixtures.

New developments in seed pelleting and seed coating, with special reference to rangeland improvement

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
I J Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Trade Secrets ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Ballistic Properties ◽  
Coated Seed

The merits of the more precise planting of seed which is made possible by pelleting and coating are well recognized, but there is relatively little published scientific information on which to assess the value of pelleted and coated seed, under practical farming conditions, in respect of its improved ballistic properties for sowing from the air for rangeland improvement, for example. Details of the processes and materials employed tend to be regarded as “trade secrets”.

scholarly journals Comparison of drought resistance in strawberry clover and white clover

2007 ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Hofmann ◽  
W. Lin ◽  
S.A. Stilwell ◽  
R.J. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Leaf Parameters

This study set out to compare plant function and performance of strawberry clover to that of white clover. To test this, the two species were exposed to drought for 4 weeks under controlled environmental conditions. Water stress reduced the size and dry matter of white clover leaves by more than 50%, whereas strawberry clover leaves remained unaffected. White clover photosynthesis decreased by nearly 50% under drought, accompanied by a reduction in leaf water status (water potential) by more than one third. In contrast, strawberry clover maintained a higher water status, photosynthesis and transpiration rate under drought than white clover. In addition, we observed drought-induced reductions in white clover leaf quality, including lower nitrogen levels. We conclude that strawberry clover displays drought resistance in a number of key leaf parameters. The findings suggest value in testing strawberry clover as a complement or alternative to white clover in droughtprone pasture environments. Keywords: drought, strawberry clover, Trifolium fragiferum L., Trifolium repens L., white clover

scholarly journals Seed Coating with Organomineral Fertilizer, an Alternative Method to Improve the Efficiency of Farming

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Joko Priyono ◽  
Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Farming Efficiency ◽  
Coated Seed

Seed and fertilizer are two important farming inputs, which are commonly available and used separately. Combining both materials into a unit of fertilizer-coated seed may improve farming efficiency. However, the appropriate seed coating method must be found out, and this research was the first effort of finding the method. A glasshouse experiment was carried out to identify the growth and yield of the coated seeds of rice and groundnut with organomineral fertilizer in three different sizes, i.e., small (SS), medium (MS), and big sizes (BS). Four sets of experiments were prepared, two of those were for testing two varieties of rice and the others were for testing two varieties of groundnut. Each experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design; the treatment was the size of coated seeds (SS, MS, BS, and a control - uncoated seeds) in triplicates. Results reveal that the seed coating delayed the germination of rice seeds for 2 – 3 days and groundnut seeds for 7 – 16 days, suppressed the growth and yield of rice but improved the growth and yield of groundnut. The highest yield of groundnut was the grown groundnut from the small and medium sizes of coated seeds (weight ratios of 1:4 and 1:9). The reduces of growth and yield of rice were most probably due to the direct contact of the high concentration of nutrients, especially nitrogen, with the seeds. In conclusion, the seed coating with organomineral fertilizer was a potentially developed method to improve farming efficiency. Further efforts were needed to fix the composition of organomineral fertilizer, especially the type N substances used and the steps of applying the materials onto the seeds.

scholarly journals Succession changes of temporary grass stands on set-aside land

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
M. Svobodová ◽  
J. Šantrůček ◽  
J. Urbanec
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Coronilla Varia ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Weight Method ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Arrhenatherum Elatius

The mixtures of &lt;i&gt;Bromus marginatus&lt;/i&gt; Nees ex Steud. + Coronilla varia L., Festuca pratensis L. + Lotus corniculatus L., Dactylis aschersoniana Graebn. + Trifolium repens L., Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P. Beauv. ex J.S. et K.B. Presl + Medicago lupulina&nbsp;L. were sown in rows of 125 mm in the year 1997 in Prague (chernozem, altitude 281 m a.s.l., average precipitation is 472 mm per year, average year temperature 9.3&deg;C). The stands were one or three times per year cut with the mass removing or one or two times mulched. Botanical composition (by weight method), number of present species and agrobotanical groups (grasses, legumes, other dicotyledonous) coverage were measured during 6 years of vegetation. The species number was highest on plots cut 3 times (6&ndash;17), it increased linearly. The sown species share in the dry mass yield was 75&ndash;99% and the share of grasses decreased linearly with time. The significantly highest dry mass yield was reached when mulched two times per year Bromus marginatus Nees ex Steud. with Coronilla varia L. (till 14 t/ha ). The stands coverage was 43&ndash;80%.

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON NODULE BACTERIA CULTURES (RHIZOBIUM SP.)

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lehner ◽  
W. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Typical Feature ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Independent Group ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Anthyllis Vulneraria ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Individual

The evaluation of the purity and quality of nodule bacteria cultures, used for the inoculation of seeds, requires a useful morphological approach for control purposes. For that reason 23 sources of nodule bacteria were characterized with regard to their shape and form by means of living preparations. The typical stages of the nodule bacteria of various Leguminosae, appearing exclusively in the form of rods, were photomicrographed. These studies included bacteria isolated many years ago as well as those obtained in 1955. The inoculation material at hand consisted of slightly motile rods of straight and sometimes slightly bent form, the length of which differed even among nodule bacteria of the same species.In relation to the systematic classification of the Leguminosae, the nodule bacteria variations isolated from the former were united in the following 10 groups of forms:1. The forms from the Lupinus group as a morphologically homogeneous series.2. The nodule bacteria of Medicago sativa L., M. lupulina L., and Melilotus albus Med. with transitional characteristics between the individual species.3. The nodule bacteria of the Trifolium species, sometimes non-uniform, showed thick rods of variable lengths.4. The group of the nodule bacteria of Anthyllis vulneraria L., Lotus uliginosus L., and L. corniculalus L. characterized as short rods. A typical feature seems to be the development of star-shaped accumulations.5. The independent group of the nodule bacteria of Onobrychis sativa Lmk.6. The independent group of Ornithopus sativus Brot.7. The nodule bacteria of Vicia faba L. and V. sativa L. showing short and long rods with heavy mucus development.8. The nodule bacteria of Lens esculenta Moench showing short rods of varying thickness.9. The typical straight rods of Pisum sativum L. and P. arvense L.10. The long rods of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and P. nanus L. differing from those of Pisum sp. only by the slight bend of the rods and a typical development of star forms. The morphological differences we found appeared with such regularity in certain species that their occurrence was recorded in typical pictures.

A bioplastic-based seed coating improves seedling growth and reduces production of coated seed dust

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesare Accinelli ◽  
Hamed K. Abbas ◽  
W. Thomas Shier
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Coated Seed

scholarly journals Effect of sowing method, soil moisture and temperature on establishment from coated grass seed

1992 ◽  
pp. 131-133
Author(s):  
D. Scott ◽  
W.J. Archie ◽  
R.J.M. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Grass Seed ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Coated Seed

Two field trials showed up to 60% greater establishment from surface-sown coated ryegrass seed compared with bare seed. Coating had a minimal effect on drilled seed. Multiple sowings over two seasons showed that the increase in establishment from coated seed relative to bare seed was only weakly related to temperature and soil moisture. The trend was for greater establishment from coated seed at lower mean establishment rates and higher soil temperature. Keywords Dactylis glomerata, grass seed coating, environmental interactions, L&urn perenne

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