scholarly journals Plant Invasion Research in Russia: Basic Projects and Scientific Fields

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Yulia K. Vinogradova ◽  
Valeriy K. Tokhtar ◽  
Alexander A. Notov ◽  
Sergey R. Mayorov ◽  
Elena S. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Invasion Pathways ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Secondary Distribution ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Scientific Fields ◽  
New Habitats

This paper represents a review of comprehensive research into invasion biology done by Russian scholars for four decades. Invasion biology is a relatively new field of research focused on the study of alien plants, their behavior in new habitats and risks they pose to indigenous species. It is shown that over 40 years, single finds of alien plant species have transformed into a check-list of invasive species in Russia. The most significant invasion pathways were identified, and the rate of microevolutional changes in plant species in their secondary distribution range was determined. Since the most active alien species disperse without regard to national borders, international cooperation is crucial in joint studies of invasive species.

scholarly journals Alien woody plants are more versatile than native, but both share similar therapeutic redundancy in South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260390
Author(s):  
Kowiyou Yessoufou ◽  
Annie Estelle Ambani ◽  
Hosam O. Elansary ◽  
Orou G. Gaoue
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Secondary Chemistry ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Medicinal Flora

Understanding why alien plant species are incorporated into the medicinal flora in several local communities is central to invasion biology and ethnobiology. Theories suggest that alien plants are incorporated in local pharmacopoeias because they are more versatile or contribute unique secondary chemistry which make them less therapeutically redundant, or simply because they are locally more abundant than native species. However, a lack of a comprehensive test of these hypotheses limits our understanding of the dynamics of plants knowledge, use and potential implications for invasion. Here, we tested the predictions of several of these hypotheses using a unique dataset on the woody medicinal flora of southern Africa. We found that the size of a plant family predicts the number of medicinal plants in that family, a support for the non-random hypothesis of medicinal plant selection. However, we found no support for the diversification hypothesis: i) both alien and native plants were used in the treatment of similar diseases; ii) significantly more native species than alien contribute to disease treatments particularly of parasitic infections and obstetric-gynecological diseases, and iii) alien and native species share similar therapeutic redundancy. However, we found support for the versatility hypothesis, i.e., alien plants were more versatile than natives. These findings imply that, although alien plant species are not therapeutically unique, they do provide more uses than native plants (versatility), thus suggesting that they may not have been introduced primarily for therapeutic reasons. We call for similar studies to be carried out on alien herbaceous plants for a broader understanding of the integration of alien plants into the pharmacopoeias of the receiving communities.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential of Introduction, Establishment and Further Spread of Invasive Alien Plant Species of European Union Concern in Lithuania

Botanica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigmantas Gudžinskas ◽  
Egidijus Žalneravičius ◽  
Lukas Petrulaitis
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
European Union ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Myriophyllum Aquaticum ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Heracleum Mantegazzianum ◽  
Pennisetum Setaceum

AbstractThe list of invasive alien species of European Union concern currently includes 23 plant species. The aim of this study was to assess the potential and importance of introduction pathways for invasive alien plant species in Lithuania, to estimate probability of their establishment and further spread in the country. Analysis of all available information revealed that three species (Asclepias syriaca,Heracleum sosnowskyiandImpatiens glandulifera) currently occur in Lithuania and the latter two are widespread invasive species in the country. The remaining 20 plant species have not been registered in the wild in Lithuania so far. Four of these,Gunnera tinctoria,Lysichiton americanus,Myriophyllum aquaticumandPennisetum setaceum, are occasionally cultivated in gardens or other outdoor areas, and six species, e.g.Cabomba caroliniana,Eichhornia crassipes, Lagarosiphon major, are cultivated in aquaria or other indoor spaces. Naturalization of seven species is unlikely in the country, whereas naturalization of 13 species (Lysichiton americanus,Myriophyllum aquaticum,Pennisetum setaceum, etc.) is plausible. Five of the analysed and still not recorded species are recognized as potentially invasive in Lithuania; the invasion of five species is plausible and that of 10 species is unlikely. The most important pathway of introduction of the analysed species is ornamental gardening. Three species that have not been recorded in Lithuania, but occur in the neighbouring regions of Europe (Elodea nuttallii,Heracleum mantegazzianum,Heracleum persicum) can enter the country by natural means. Importance of permanent studies and surveys on alien plants aiming to ensure early detection and eradication of invasive species is discussed.

scholarly journals Comparing Negative Impacts of Prunus serotina, Quercus rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia on Native Forest Ecosystems

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gentili ◽  
Ferrè ◽  
Cardarelli ◽  
Montagnani ◽  
Bogliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Negative Impacts

The introduction of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) can modify plant-soil feedback, resulting in an alteration of the abiotic and biotic characteristics of ecosystems. Prunus serotina, Quercus rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia are IAPS of European temperate forests, where they can become dominant and suppress the native biodiversity. Assuming that the establishment of these invasive species may alter native forest ecosystems, this study comparatively assessed their impact on ecosystems. This study further investigated plant communities in 12 forest stands, dominated by the three IAPS and native trees, Quercus robur and Carpinus betulus (three plots per forest type), in Northern Italy, and collected soil samples. The relationships between the invasion of the three IAPS and modifications of humus forms, soil chemical properties, soil biological quality, bacterial activity and plant community structure and diversity (α-, β-, and γ-diversity) were assessed using one-way ANOVA and redundancy analyses (RDA). Our comparative study demonstrated that invaded forests often had unique plant and/or soil properties, relative to native forests, and the degree of dissimilarity depended on the invasive species. Particularly, Q. rubra is related to major negative impacts on soil organic horizons and low/modified levels of microarthropod and plant biodiversity. R. pseudoacacia is associated with an altered base content of soil and, in turn, with positive feedback to the soil biological quality (QBS-ar) and plant diversity, but with a high cover compared with other alien plant species. P. serotina is associated with intermediate impacts and exhibits a plant species assemblage that is more similar to those of native forest stands. Our work suggests impact-based management decisions for the three investigated IAPS, since their effects on the diversity and composition of resident ecosystems are very different.

scholarly journals Into the great wide open: do alien plants spread from rivers to dry savanna in the Kruger National Park?

NeoBiota ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Petr Pyšek ◽  
Martin Hejda ◽  
Jan Čuda ◽  
Guin Zambatis ◽  
Klára Pyšková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Tridax Procumbens

Protected areas play an important role as refuges from invasive species impacts on biodiversity. Within the MOSAIK (Monitoring Savanna Biodiversity in the Kruger National Park) project, plant species were recorded in a representative set of 60 plots, 50 × 50 m in size, across the entire KNP, distributed so as to cover a range of savanna habitats, i.e. perennial rivers, seasonal rivers and dry crests, and two main bedrock types (granite and basalt). The data were used to assess the role of rivers in the dispersal of alien plants and study whether the alien plant species spread from rivers to open dry savanna. The resulting dataset provided the first thorough information on the spatial distribution of naturalised alien plants in KNP. In total, we recorded 20 plant species that are alien to the park, four of them considered invasive: Parthenium hysterophorus, Opuntia stricta, Xanthium strumarium and Zinnia peruviana. The most widespread species in KNP was Tridax procumbens, recorded in 11 plots (i.e. 18% of all sampled), four other species were found in > 10% of the plots. One species, Bidens bipinnata, was not previously reported from the park and represents a new record. The majority of aliens were concentrated along perennial rivers (60% of all occurrences), but some were repeatedly recorded at seasonal rivers as well and two of the most invasive species in KNP, Opuntia stricta and Parthenium hysterophorus, occurred also on dry crests away from water. The average number of alien species per plot was low (1.6), as was their mean percentage contribution to all species in a plot (2.2%), but some plots harboured as many as seven species and contributed up to 11.9%. Moreover, only 21 plots (35%) were alien-species free. In terms of the total species number per habitat, perennial rivers had significantly more aliens than crests and were marginally significantly richer than seasonal rivers. By recording all naturalised alien species occurring in the plots – many of them are not invasive but may become so in the future – and by using the GloNAF database of global distribution of naturalised species, we assessed the invasion potential of the recorded species.

scholarly journals UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FOR ALIEN PLANT SPECIES DETECTION AND MONITORING

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-1/W4 ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dvořák ◽  
J. Müllerová ◽  
T. Bartaloš ◽  
J. Brůna
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Extensive Field

Invasive species spread rapidly and their eradication is difficult. New methods enabling fast and efficient monitoring are urgently needed for their successful control. Remote sensing can improve early detection of invading plants and make their management more efficient and less expensive. In an ongoing project in the Czech Republic, we aim at developing innovative methods of mapping invasive plant species (semi-automatic detection algorithms) by using purposely designed unmanned aircraft (UAV). We examine possibilities for detection of two tree and two herb invasive species. Our aim is to establish fast, repeatable and efficient computer-assisted method of timely monitoring, reducing the costs of extensive field campaigns. For finding the best detection algorithm we test various classification approaches (object-, pixel-based and hybrid). Thanks to its flexibility and low cost, UAV enables assessing the effect of phenological stage and spatial resolution, and is most suitable for monitoring the efficiency of eradication efforts. However, several challenges exist in UAV application, such as geometrical and radiometric distortions, high amount of data to be processed and legal constrains for the UAV flight missions over urban areas (often highly invaded). The newly proposed UAV approach shall serve invasive species researchers, management practitioners and policy makers.

Invasive species differ in key functional traits from native and non‐invasive alien plant species

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 994-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Mathakutha ◽  
Christien Steyn ◽  
Peter C. le Roux ◽  
Izak J. Blom ◽  
Steven L. Chown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF INVASIVE SPECIES (CRASSULACEAE) IN THE DAUGAVPILS CITY (LATVIA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Santa Rutkovska ◽  
Ingūna Zeiļa
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Species Protection ◽  
The World

The problem of invasive plant species is becoming more popular all over the world. The peculiarities of alien plant species is also growing in Latvia every year. Invasive species are the serious problem for natural ecosystem and species protection, in traditional landscape visual conservation as well it shows noticeable economical reducing in farming. Existing flora and its structure was as appearing in approximately 10 000-15 000 years after the last examining. It is still developing, quantitative and qualitative plant changes continue to grow in flora. That has an influence on natural narrowing, distribution and species changes. In Latvia, as well in such city as Daugavpils, such questions as alien plant growing were examined only in some fragments. An alien plant growing was analyzed. The following facts are found the biggest plant concentration is noticed in dry and sunny places well near the artificial plant areas.

scholarly journals Barszcz Sosnowskiego (Heracleum Sosnowskyi Manden) zagrożeniem dla ekosystemu

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (86) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Jakub Gołos
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Heracleum Sosnowskyi ◽  
Economic Decisions

The present article discusses the risks of hasty political and economic decisions under which introduced a new, alien plant species to the local ekosystem. On the example of Borscht Sosnowski (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden), the author shows the scale of danger resulting from low general social knowledge about this invasive species and also about legal loopholes contributing to the lack of a comprehensive fight against this type of plants which are a threat to the life and health of local communities.

scholarly journals Public attitude in the city of Belgrade towards invasive alien plant species

2012 ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Jelena Tomicevic ◽  
Mihailo Grbic ◽  
Dragana Skocajic ◽  
Dragana Radovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Attitude ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City

Biological invasions are seen as a major threat to biodiversity at a global level, while the number of new invasions is increasing at an alarming rate. Raising the awareness of the public, academic world and policy makers about the dangers caused by invasive species, is essential for the creation of the support needed to implement and coordinate the policies necessary to address this problem. The aim of this study is to determine the level of local public awareness of the existence of these plant species, examine the public attitude towards alien invasive plant species and willingness to get involved in the prevention of their spreading. The survey was conducted in four nurseries on the territory of the City of Belgrade and the investigation dealt only with alien invasive woody plant species. Thirty customers were questioned in each of the four nurseries. The results show that local public is uninformed on the issue of invasive plant species. It is necessary to constantly and intensively raise their awareness of this issue, as well as the awareness of harmful consequences that may occur due to the uncontrolled spreading of alien invasive species. This refers not only to the population that visits the nurseries and buys the plants there and to those employed in plant production and selling, but also to the whole local public and decision makers.

scholarly journals INVENTORY OF THE MOST INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES OF LATVIA IN THE “DAUGAVAS LOKI” NATURE PARK

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Santa Rutkovska ◽  
Irēna Pučkina ◽  
Olga Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Plants ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Nature Park

During the realization of the scientific research program for mapping of the most invasive plant species of Latvia in the “Daugavas Loki” nature park (NP) field surveys were carried out during spring, summer and autumn seasons in 2016. In total 100 quadrats were surveyed. Invasive alien plants are species that are non-native to an ecosystem, and may cause a negative effect on environmental quality or human health. The obtained results indicate that the number of invasive alien plants species identified in 2016, i.e. 32 species, considerably increased in comparison with data about the distribution of invasive species given in the nature management plan of the “Daugavas Loki” NP in 2010, when only three species were mentioned. Many invasive plant species have been found in the ruderal biotopes – roadsides in the territory of nature park. The species with the highest number of localities are Acer negundo L., Sambucus racemosa L. and Rumex confertus Willd. The monitoring of certain most invasive species makes it possible to assess the changes in species number and occupied area.

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