scholarly journals Current Utility of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria as Biological Control Agents towards Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Pratima Subedi ◽  
Kaitlin Gattoni ◽  
Wenshan Liu ◽  
Kathy S. Lawrence ◽  
Sang-Wook Park
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are among the most economically and ecologically damaging pests, causing severe losses of crop production worldwide. Chemical-based nematicides have been widely used, but these may have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Hence, biological control agents (BCAs) have become an alternative option for controlling PPN, since they are environmentally friendly and cost effective. Lately, a major effort has been made to evaluate the potential of a commercial grade strain of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as BCAs, because emerging evidence has shown that PGPR can reduce PPN in infested plants through direct and/or indirect antagonistic mechanisms. Direct antagonism occurs by predation, release of antinematicidal metabolites and semiochemicals, competition for nutrients, and niche exclusion. However, the results of direct antagonism may be inconsistent due to unknown endogenous and exogenous factors that may prevent PGPR from colonizing plant’s roots. On the other hand, indirect antagonism may occur from the induced systemic resistance (ISR) that primes whole plants to better fight against various biotic and abiotic constraints, actuating faster and/or stronger defense responses (adaption), enhancing their promise as BCAs. Hence, this review will briefly revisit (i) two modes of PGPR in managing PPN, and (ii) the current working models and many benefits of ISR, in the aim of reassessing current progresses and future directions for isolating more effective BCAs and/or developing better PPN management strategy.

scholarly journals The Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria to Prevent Nematode Damage to Plants

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Elisa Gamalero ◽  
Bernard R. Glick
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes have been estimated to annually cause around US $173 billion in damage to plant crops worldwide. Moreover, with global climate change, it has been suggested that the damage to crops from nematodes is likely to increase in the future. Currently, a variety of potentially dangerous and toxic chemical agents are used to limit the damage to crops by plant-parasitic nematodes. As an alternative to chemicals and a more environmentally friendly means of decreasing nematode damage to plants, researchers have begun to examine the possible use of various soil bacteria, including plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Here, the current literature on some of the major mechanisms employed by these soil bacteria is examined. It is expected that within the next 5–10 years, as scientists continue to elaborate the mechanisms used by these bacteria, biocontrol soil bacteria will gradually replace the use of chemicals as nematicides.

scholarly journals Mixtures of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Biological Control of Multiple Cucumber Pathogens

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1158-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg S. Raupach ◽  
Joseph W. Kloepper
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains INR7 (Bacillus pumilus), GB03 (Bacillus subtilis), and ME1 (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens) were tested singly and in combinations for biological control against multiple cucumber pathogens. Investigations under greenhouse conditions were conducted with three cucumber pathogens—Colletotrichum orbiculare (causing anthracnose), Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (causing angular leaf spot), and Erwinia tracheiphila(causing cucurbit wilt disease)—inoculated singly and in all possible combinations. There was a general trend across all experiments toward greater suppression and enhanced consistency against multiple cucumber pathogens using strain mixtures. The same three PGPR strains were evaluated as seed treatments in two field trials over two seasons, and two strains, IN26 (Burkholderia gladioli) and INR7 also were tested as foliar sprays in one of the trials. In the field trials, the efficacy of induced systemic resistance activity was determined against introduced cucumber pathogens naturally spread within plots through placement of infected plants into the field to provide the pathogen inoculum. PGPR-mediated disease suppression was observed against angular leaf spot in 1996 and against a mixed infection of angular leaf spot and anthracnose in 1997. The three-way mixture of PGPR strains (INR7 plus ME1 plus GB03) as a seed treatment showed intensive plant growth promotion and disease reduction to a level statistically equivalent to the synthetic elicitor Actigard applied as a spray.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Meloidogyne incognita by Spore-forming Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria on Cotton

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Xiang ◽  
Kathy S. Lawrence ◽  
Joseph W. Kloepper ◽  
Patricia A. Donald ◽  
John A. McInroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

In the past decade, increased attention has been placed on biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes using various fungi and bacteria. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential of 662 plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains for mortality to Meloidogyne incognita J2 in vitro and for nematode management in greenhouse, microplot, and field trials. Results indicated that the mortality of M. incognita J2 by the PGPR strains ranged from 0 to 100% with an average of 39%. Among the PGPR strains examined, 212 of 662 strains (or 33%) caused significantly greater mortality percent of M. incognita J2 than the untreated control. Bacillus was the major genus initiating a greater mortality percentage when compared with the other genera. In subsequent trials, B. velezensis strain Bve2 reduced M. incognita eggs per gram of cotton root in the greenhouse trials at 45 days after planting (DAP) similarly to the commercial standards Abamectin and Clothianidin plus B. firmus I-1582. Bacillus mojavensis strain Bmo3, B. velezensis strain Bve2, B. subtilis subsp. subtilis strain Bsssu3, and the Mixture 2 (Abamectin + Bve2 + B. altitudinis strain Bal13) suppressed M. incognita eggs per gram of root in the microplot at 45 DAP. Bacillus velezensis strains Bve2 and Bve12 also increased seed-cotton yield in the microplot and field trials. Overall, results indicate that B. velezensis strains Bve2 and Bve12, B. mojavensis strain Bmo3, and Mixture 2 have potential to reduce M. incognita population density and to enhance growth of cotton when applied as in-furrow sprays at planting.

Molecular imaging of plant-microbe interactions on the Brachypodium seed surface

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchen Zhang ◽  
Rachel Komorek ◽  
Jiyoung Son ◽  
Shawn Riechers ◽  
Zihua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a crucial role in biological control and pathogenic defense on and within plant tissues, however the mechanism(s) by which plants associate with PGPR to elicit...

scholarly journals Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induced resistance in Jatropha curcas through phenyl propanoid metabolism against Rhizoctoniabataticola

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
Sushil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phenyl Propanoid ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The root rot disease in Jatropha curcas L. caused by Rhizoctonia. bataticola (Taub.) Butler has been recorded in causing 10-12 per cent mortality of 20-30 days old seedlings of Jatropha curcasin southern Haryana. The incidence of this disease has also been observed from other parts of Haryana too. Induction of systemic resistance in host plants through microbes and their bioactive metabolites are attaining popularity in modern agricultural practices. Studies on the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induced resistance in Jatropha curcas through phenyl propanoid metabolism against Rhizoctoniabataticola were undertaken at Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bawal. Three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) viz., Pseudomonas maltophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated for their potential to induce systemic resistance in Jatropha against root rot. The maximum increase of 97 per cent in total phenols, 120 per cent in peroxidase, 123 per cent in polyphenol oxidase, 101 per cent in phenylalanine ammonia lyase and 298 per cent in tyrosine ammonia lyase was detected in plants raised with Pseudomonas fluorescens+ Rhizoctoniaba-taticola inoculation in Jatropha curcas at 10 days post inoculation against control except total phenols where it was maximum (99%) at 30 DPI. There was slight or sharp decline in these parameters with age irrespective of inoculations. The pathogen challenged plants showed lower levels of total phenols and enzymes. The observations revealed that seed bacterization with Pseudomonas fluorescens results in accumulation of phenolics and battery of enzymes in response to pathogen infection and thereby induce resistance systemically.

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