scholarly journals Recovery of Recurrent Parent Genome in a Marker-Assisted Backcrossing Against Rice Blast and Blight Infections Using Functional Markers and SSRs

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Samuel Chibuike Chukwu ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Siti Izera Ismail ◽  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Recurrent Parent Genome ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The most vital aspect of marker-assisted backcross breeding is the recurrent parent genome recovery. This enables the selection of only parents with recovered recipient/recurrent parent genome in addition to the targeted genes. The recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) ensures that non-desirable genomic segments are removed while the gene of interest is sustained in the recombined progenies without further segregations. This work was aimed at quantifying the RPGR of backcross populations with introgression of bacterial leaf blight resistance genes. Putra-1, a Malaysian elite variety, high yielding with inherent resistance to blast but susceptible to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), was crossed with IRBB60 which is resistant to BLB disease. The IRBB60 has four Xoo resistance genes—Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21. Tightly linked polymorphic functional and SSR markers were used for foreground selection at every stage of backcrossing to select progenies with introgressed target genes. Background selection was done to quantify the percentage of RPGR in the selected lines using 79 confirmed polymorphic microsatellites. Result obtained showed that the percentage of RPGR was 80.11% at BC1F1, 95.30% at BC2F1 and 95.9% at BC2F2. The introgression of Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21 Xoo resistance genes were faster through the adopted marker-assisted backcross breeding compared to what could be obtained through conventional breeding. All the 16 selected lines displayed resistance to BLB with three lines showing high resistance to the disease. The blast resistance contained in the genetic background of Putra-1 was also sustained in all the selected lines. The newly developed lines were recommended as new rice varieties for commercial cultivation.

scholarly journals Marker-assisted introgression of multiple resistance genes confers broad spectrum resistance against bacterial leaf blight and blast diseases in Putra-1 rice variety

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Chukwu ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul I. Ramlee ◽  
Siti I. Ismail ◽  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Background Selection ◽  
Multiple Resistance Genes

AbstractThis experiment was conducted with the aim of introgressing multiple resistance genes against bacterial leaf blight (BLB) and blast diseases through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Two dominant (Xa4 and Xa21) and two recessive (xa5 and xa13) BLB resistance genes were introgressed into a Malaysian elite rice variety Putra-1 with genetic background of three blast resistance (Piz, Pi2 and Pi9) genes and high yielding. Eight polymorphic tightly linked functional and SSR markers were used for foreground selection of target genes. 79 polymorphic SSR markers were used in background selection. The plants were challenged at initial stage of breeding and challenged again at BC2F2 with the most virulent Malaysian pathotypes of Xoo (P7.7) and Magnaporthe oryzae (P7.2) to test their resistance. Results obtained from foreground marker analysis showed that the BC1F1 and BC2F1 both fitted into the Mendel’s single gene segregation ratio of 1:1 for both Xoo and blast resistance. At BC2F2, result obtained indicated that foreground marker segregation fitted into the expected Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1 for blast resistance only. Marker-assisted background selection revealed high percentage of recurrent parent genome recovery (95.9%). It was concluded that resistance to Xoo pathotype P7.7 in IRBB60 was neither due to two independent gene action nor epistasis but substantially due to single nuclear gene action. Also, the inheritance of blast resistance in the pyramided lines to pathotype P7.2 was also attributed to single gene action. The incorporation of four bacterial leaf blight and three blast resistance genes (Xa4+xa5+xa13+Xa21+Pi9+Pi2+Piz) in the newly developed lines provides for broad spectrum and durable resistance against the two major diseases studied.

scholarly journals The Pi40 Gene for Durable Resistance to Rice Blast and Molecular Analysis of Pi40-Advanced Backcross Breeding Lines

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Suh ◽  
J. H. Roh ◽  
Y. C. Cho ◽  
S. S. Han ◽  
Y. G. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Diseased Leaf ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Advanced Backcross ◽  
Diseased Leaf Area ◽  
Backcross Breeding

Rice blast severely reduces production in both irrigated and water-stressed upland ecosystems of tropical and temperate countries. Nearly 50 blast resistance genes have been identified and some of those are incorporated into several rice cultivars. However, most of the resistance genes break down in a few years because of their race specificity and the rapid change in pathogenicity of the blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea). The objective of this study was to analyze advanced backcross breeding lines (ABL) possessing the gene Pi40 for durable rice blast resistance. In all, 4 resistant genotypes, 4 japonica cultivars, and 10 monogenic differential rice genotypes with some known resistance genes were bioassayed in the greenhouse using seven sequential plantings and 29 virulent M. grisea isolates of Korea. The genotypes with the Pi40 gene had <3% diseased leaf area, which was significantly below the disease threshold level of 40% considered for durable blast resistance. Moreover, the genotypes with the Pi40 gene expressed compatibility with only two to three virulent M. grisea isolates supporting durability of resistance, in contrast to susceptible cultivars with >50% diseased leaf area and 10 compatible isolates. Of the 10 known resistance genes tested, Piz-t, Piz-5, and Pi9 showed differential reactions to the pathogen isolates in seven plantings. Genotyping of the ABL with 260 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed rapid conversion toward recurrent parent genotypes with fewer donor chromosomal segments (5.3 to 14.5%). Our study based on a sequential testing and background selection of breeding lines with the resistance gene Pi40 provided valuable information for durable blast resistance breeding in rice.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes Into Lowland Rice Cultivar Through Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharat Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Deepak Kumar Nayak ◽  
Elssa Pandit ◽  
Lambodar Behera ◽  
Annamalai Anandan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding ◽  
Recipient Parent

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is a major disease of rice in many rice growing countries. Pyramided lines carrying two BB resistance gene combinations (Xa21+xa13 and Xa21+xa5) were developed in a lowland cultivar Jalmagna background through backcross breeding by integrating molecular markers. In each backcross generation, markers closely linked to the disease resistance genes were used to select plants possessing the target genes. Background selection was continued in those plants carrying resistant genes until BC3 generation. Plants having the maximum contribution from the recurrent parent genome were selected in each generation and hybridized with the recipient parent. The BB-pyramided line having the maximum recipient parent genome recovery of 95% was selected among BC3F1 plants and selfed to isolate homozygous BC3F2 plants with different combinations of BB resistance genes. Twenty pyramided lines with two resistance gene combinations exhibited high levels of tolerance against the BB pathogen. In order to confirm the resistance, the pyramided lines were inoculated with different X. oryzae pv. oryzae strains of Odisha for bioassay. The genotypes with combination of two BB resistance genes conferred high levels of resistance to the predominant X. oryzae pv. oryzae isolates prevalent in the region. The pyramided lines showed similarity with the recipient parent with respect to major agro-morphologic traits.

scholarly journals Marker-Assisted Introgression of Multiple Resistance Genes Confers Broad Spectrum Resistance against Bacterial Leaf Blight and Blast Diseases in PUTRA-1 Rice Variety

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Chukwu ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul I. Ramlee ◽  
Siti I. Ismail ◽  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Multiple Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Polymorphism

Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) and blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae are major diseases responsible for significant yield loss in rice production across all rice growing regions. Host plant resistance has been advocated as a sustainable means of guarding against the diseases. This experiment was conducted with the aim to introgress multiple resistance genes against bacterial leaf blight and blast diseases through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Two dominant (Xa4 and Xa21) and two recessive (xa5 and xa13) Xoo resistance genes were introgressed into a high yielding Malaysian rice variety Putra-1 with genetic background of three blast resistance (Piz, Pi2 and Pi9) genes. Eight polymorphic tightly linked functional and SSR markers were used for foreground selection of target genes. Seventy nine polymorphic SSR markers were used in background selection. The plants were challenged at initial stage of breeding and challenged again at BC2F2 with the most virulent Malaysian pathotypes of Xoo (P7.7) and Magnaporthe oryzae (P7.2) to test their resistance. Results obtained from foreground marker segregation analysis at BC1F1 and BC2F1 showed that the marker polymorphism both fitted into the Mendel’s single gene segregation ratio of 1:1 for both Xoo and blast resistance. At BC2F2, results indicated that foreground marker polymorphism fitted into the expected Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1 for blast resistance only. Marker-assisted background selection revealed high percentage of recurrent parent genome recovery (95.9%). It was concluded that the inheritance of blast resistance in the introgressed lines was mainly due to single gene action while the inheritance of Xoo resistance was substantially due to single nuclear gene action. The incorporation of four bacterial leaf blight and three blast resistance genes (Xa4 + xa5 + xa13 + Xa21; Pi9 + Pi2 + Piz) in the newly developed lines would provide for broad spectrum and durable resistance against the two major diseases studied.

Molecular Marker-based Screening for Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistance Genes in Landraces and Cultivars of Rice in Gujarat

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Bhupendra Singh Panwar ◽  
Ruchi Trivedi ◽  
Rallapalli Ravikiran ◽  
Chet Ram ◽  
Subhash Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Blight Resistance

scholarly journals Introgression of drought tolerance QTLs through marker assisted backcross breeding in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Todkar ◽  
Harikrishna . ◽  
G. P. Singh ◽  
Neelu Jain ◽  
P. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Background Selection ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The present study reports the introgression of the genomic regions linked with drought tolerance traits viz., NDVI, staygreen, chlorophyll content/chlorophyll fluorescence and yield from a drought tolerant parent HI1500 in to a popular high yielding but drought susceptible wheat variety GW322 following the marker assisted backcross breeding. Background selection with 109 polymorphic SSR markers accelerated genome recovery of recurrent parent which ranged from 72.14 to 86.9% in BC1F1, 90.33 to 92.02% in BC2F1 and 91.6 to 94.95% with an average of 93.5% in BC2F2 generation. Eighteen homozygous BC2F3 progenies were found to be phenotypically superior for morpho-physiological and agronomic traits over the recurrent parent GW322.

scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation of resistance genes in rice against bacterial leaf blight in Guilan Province—Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Khoshkdaman ◽  
Ali Akbar Ebadi ◽  
Farzad Majidi-Shilsar ◽  
Somaye Dariush
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Guilan Province
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