Recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery analysis in a marker-assisted backcross breeding based on the genotyping-by-sequencing in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

The most vital aspect of marker-assisted backcross breeding is the recurrent parent genome recovery. This enables the selection of only parents with recovered recipient/recurrent parent genome in addition to the targeted genes. The recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) ensures that non-desirable genomic segments are removed while the gene of interest is sustained in the recombined progenies without further segregations. This work was aimed at quantifying the RPGR of backcross populations with introgression of bacterial leaf blight resistance genes. Putra-1, a Malaysian elite variety, high yielding with inherent resistance to blast but susceptible to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), was crossed with IRBB60 which is resistant to BLB disease. The IRBB60 has four Xoo resistance genes—Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21. Tightly linked polymorphic functional and SSR markers were used for foreground selection at every stage of backcrossing to select progenies with introgressed target genes. Background selection was done to quantify the percentage of RPGR in the selected lines using 79 confirmed polymorphic microsatellites. Result obtained showed that the percentage of RPGR was 80.11% at BC1F1, 95.30% at BC2F1 and 95.9% at BC2F2. The introgression of Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21 Xoo resistance genes were faster through the adopted marker-assisted backcross breeding compared to what could be obtained through conventional breeding. All the 16 selected lines displayed resistance to BLB with three lines showing high resistance to the disease. The blast resistance contained in the genetic background of Putra-1 was also sustained in all the selected lines. The newly developed lines were recommended as new rice varieties for commercial cultivation.

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Introgression of drought tolerance QTLs through marker assisted backcross breeding in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) ◽

10.31742/ijgpb.80.2.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 80 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Leena Todkar ◽

Harikrishna . ◽

G. P. Singh ◽

Neelu Jain ◽

P. K. Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Background Selection ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Genomic Regions ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The present study reports the introgression of the genomic regions linked with drought tolerance traits viz., NDVI, staygreen, chlorophyll content/chlorophyll fluorescence and yield from a drought tolerant parent HI1500 in to a popular high yielding but drought susceptible wheat variety GW322 following the marker assisted backcross breeding. Background selection with 109 polymorphic SSR markers accelerated genome recovery of recurrent parent which ranged from 72.14 to 86.9% in BC1F1, 90.33 to 92.02% in BC2F1 and 91.6 to 94.95% with an average of 93.5% in BC2F2 generation. Eighteen homozygous BC2F3 progenies were found to be phenotypically superior for morpho-physiological and agronomic traits over the recurrent parent GW322.

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Introgression of qDTY1.1 Governing Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance into an Elite Basmati Rice Variety “Pusa Basmati 1” through Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 202

Author(s):

Gaurav Dhawan ◽

Aruna Kumar ◽

Priyanka Dwivedi ◽

Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽

Madan Pal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Chromosome 1 ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Selection For ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Drought stress at the reproductive stage in rice is one of the most important cause for yield reduction, affecting both productivity and quality. All Basmati rice varieties, including the popular cultivar “Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1)” is highly sensitive to reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS). We report for the first time, improvement of a Basmati cultivar for RSDS tolerance, with the introgression of a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), “qDTY1.1” into PB1. The QTL was sourced from an aus variety, Nagina 22 (N22). A microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) marker “RM 431” located at telomeric end (38.89 mb) of chromosome 1, and located within a 1.04 mb QTL region was employed for foreground selection for qDTY1.1 in the marker assisted backcross breeding process. A set of 113 SSR markers polymorphic between N22 and PB1 were utilized for background selection to ensure higher recurrent parent genome recovery. After three backcrosses followed by five generations of selfing, eighteen near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed, through combinatory selection for agro-morphological, grain and cooking quality traits. The NILs were evaluated for three consecutive Kharif seasons, 2017, 2018 and 2019 under well-watered and drought stress conditions. RSDS tolerance and yield stability indicated that P1882-12-111-3, P1882-12-111-5, P1882-12-111-6, P1882-12-111-7, P1882-12-111-12, P1882-12-111-15 and P1882-12-111-17 were best in terms of overall agronomic and grain quality under RSDS. Additionally, NILs exhibited high yield potential under normal condition as well. The RSDS tolerant Basmati NILs with high resilience to water stress, is a valuable resource for sustaining Basmati rice production under water limiting production environments.

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Modified backcross breeding method for rapid conversion of field corn line to shrunken2 (sh2) gene-based sweet corn line

Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) ◽

10.31742/ijgpb.79.1.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (01) ◽

Author(s):

S. K. Jha ◽

N. K. Singh ◽

P. K. Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Sweet Corn ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Breeding Method ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Field Corn ◽

Recessive Mutant ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Skilled Person ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The non-availability of superior and diverse inbred parents is one of the major bottlenecks to develop high yielding sweet corn hybrids. The sh2, one of the promising recessive mutant alleles, has been used in sweet corn development however its transfer to superior field corn lines may require extra inbreeding to identify heterozygous carrier plants. The use of molecular markers linked with sh2 requires a well-equipped laboratory and skilled person to carry the marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Considering the above constraints, a modified backcross breeding method was used taking advantage of shrunken kernel of sweet corn for foreground selection coupled with phenotypic comparison with recurrent parent (RP). The BC1F1 plants were grown and plants having high phenotypic similarity with RP were selfed as well as backcrossed as pollen parent. The BC2F1 kernels of BC1F1 plants having high similarity with RP and segregation in BC1F2 kernels were harvested. The BC2F1 plants phenotypically most similar to recomment parameter (RP) were selfed and the shrunken kernels were selected from the segregating BC2F2 .The shrunken kernels were homozygous (sh2sh2) at Sh2 locus, which were validated upon inbreeding based on nonsegregating kernels in BC2F3 . The modified backcross method used is rapid, cost effective and can be used by maize breeder with limited resources for conversion as well diversification of sweet corn germplasm.

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Introgression of submergence tolerance into CO 43, a popular rice variety of India, through marker-assisted backcross breeding

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/149/2017-cjgpb ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 101-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rahman Hifzur ◽

Dakshinamurthi Vijayalakshmi ◽

Ramasamy Sasikala ◽

Manickam Sudha ◽

Kaliyaperumal Ashok Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Variety ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

South East Asia ◽

Submergence Tolerance ◽

Early Generation ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Major Threat ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Marker Assisted Backcrossing ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Submergence is a major threat in rice growing areas of South and South-East Asia. Identification of a major QTL, Sub1 and advancements in marker-assisted backcrossing strategy enabled breeders to develop submergence tolerant versions of popular rice cultivars. In the present study, a marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) approach was used to introgress the Sub1 locus from the tolerant FR13A variety into CO 43, one of the popular rice varieties of southern India. Evaluation of early generation segregating progenies derived from the cross of CO 43 and FR13A revealed the introgression of Sub1, leading to increased tolerance to submergence and better revival ability after it. Genotyping and phenotyping of BC<sub>3</sub>F<sub>3</sub> generation resulted in elite NILs of CO 43 harbouring Sub1 the locus and possessing 94.37% and 95.78% of the recurrent parental CO 43 genome. Selected NILs performed equal as the recurrent parent CO 43 under normal conditions, but were more tolerant to submergence and revived better, afterwards. Under flooding NILs yielded about 25–30% higher than the recurrent parent CO 43.

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Marker-Assisted Introgression and Stacking of Major QTLs Controlling Grain Number (Gn1a) and Number of Primary Branching (WFP) to NERICA Cultivars

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050844 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 844

Author(s):

Vincent P. Reyes ◽

Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim ◽

Merlyn S. Mendioro ◽

Ma. Carmina C. Manuel ◽

Ruby S. Lapis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Rice Yield ◽

Green Revolution ◽

Arable Land ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Grain Number ◽

Introgression Breeding ◽

Spikelets Per Panicle ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The era of the green revolution has significantly improved rice yield productivity. However, with the growing population and decreasing arable land, rice scientists must find new ways to improve rice productivity. Although hundreds of rice yield-related QTLs were already mapped and some of them were cloned, only a few were utilized for actual systematic introgression breeding programs. In this study, the major yield QTLs Grain Number 1a (Gn1a) and Wealthy Farmer’s Panicle (WFP) were introgressed and stacked in selected NERICA cultivars by marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). The DNA markers RM3360, RM3452, and RM5493 were used for foreground selection. At BC3F4 and BC3F5 generation, a combination of marker-assisted selection and phenotypic evaluation were carried out to select lines with target alleles and traits. Further, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was conducted to validate the introgression and determine the recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) of the selected lines. The Gn1a and/or WFP introgression lines showed significantly higher numbers of spikelets per panicle and primary branching compared to the recurrent parents. In addition, lines with Gn1a and/or WFP alleles were comparatively similar to the recurrent parents (RP) in most yield-related traits. This study demonstrates the success of utilizing yield QTLs and marker-assisted selection to develop and improve rice cultivars.

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Incorporation of Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes Into Lowland Rice Cultivar Through Marker-Assisted Backcross Breeding

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-09-15-0226-r ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (7) ◽

pp. 710-718 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sharat Kumar Pradhan ◽

Deepak Kumar Nayak ◽

Elssa Pandit ◽

Lambodar Behera ◽

Annamalai Anandan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Target Genes ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding ◽

Recipient Parent

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is a major disease of rice in many rice growing countries. Pyramided lines carrying two BB resistance gene combinations (Xa21+xa13 and Xa21+xa5) were developed in a lowland cultivar Jalmagna background through backcross breeding by integrating molecular markers. In each backcross generation, markers closely linked to the disease resistance genes were used to select plants possessing the target genes. Background selection was continued in those plants carrying resistant genes until BC3 generation. Plants having the maximum contribution from the recurrent parent genome were selected in each generation and hybridized with the recipient parent. The BB-pyramided line having the maximum recipient parent genome recovery of 95% was selected among BC3F1 plants and selfed to isolate homozygous BC3F2 plants with different combinations of BB resistance genes. Twenty pyramided lines with two resistance gene combinations exhibited high levels of tolerance against the BB pathogen. In order to confirm the resistance, the pyramided lines were inoculated with different X. oryzae pv. oryzae strains of Odisha for bioassay. The genotypes with combination of two BB resistance genes conferred high levels of resistance to the predominant X. oryzae pv. oryzae isolates prevalent in the region. The pyramided lines showed similarity with the recipient parent with respect to major agro-morphologic traits.

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Evaluación de tres enraizadores comerciales en la producción de plántulas de tomate indeterminado (Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Lam)

RECUBRIMIENTO COMESTIBLE CON BASE DE PIÑON MEXICANO (Jatropha curcas) SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE CHAYOTE MINIMAMENTE PROCESADO ◽

10.32854/agrop.v12i9.1491 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

Author(s):

M. Arébalo-Madrigal ◽

J.L. Escalante-González ◽

J.B. Yáñez-Coutiño ◽

M.E. Gallegos-Castro

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L

Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo de plántula de tomate indeterminado bajo condiciones protegidas, aplicando tres enraizadores y un testigo para aumentar la producción del cultivo en la región. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: se utilizó bajo un diseño experimental en bloques completamente al azar, el cual consistió de cuatro tratamientos correspondiendo a cada uno de los bloques, donde cada bloque pertenecía a cuatro charolas de unicel de 200 cavidades con sustrato de BM2, con cuatro repeticiones cada uno, teniendo 15 unidades experimentales por tratamiento, sumando un total de 60 unidades experimentales, teniendo un total de 240 plántulas de tomate por todo el experimento. Resultados: Como resultado se obtuvo que el enraizador de Phyto Root tuvo un gran efecto en cuanto al desarrollo de altura, grosor de tallo, numero de hojas, biomasa aérea y peso del cepellón, parámetros importantes que debe tener una plántula para su desarrollo y crecimiento al momento de trasplante a campo. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El manejo agronómico desde la siembra en charolas, es necesario que sea uniforme en todos los tratamientos y las repeticiones para tener mejores resultados en cuanto el efecto de los enraizadores. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Para obtener plántulas de buena calidad en el momento de trasplante a campo se le recomienda a la empresa y a los productores de plántulas utilizar el tratamiento de Phyto Root, ya que fue la que mejor respuesta tuvo.

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