scholarly journals Responses of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Lines to Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions of Texas High Plains

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Addissu. G. Ayele ◽  
Jane K. Dever ◽  
Carol M. Kelly ◽  
Monica Sheehan ◽  
Valerie Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

Understanding drought stress responses and the identification of phenotypic traits associated with drought are key factors in breeding for sustainable cotton production in limited irrigation water of semi-arid environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of upland cotton lines to rainfed and irrigated conditions. We compared selected agronomic traits over time, final yield and fiber quality of cotton lines grown in irrigated and rainfed trials. Under rainfed conditions, the average number of squares per plant sharply declined during weeks 10 to 14 while the average number of bolls per plant significantly reduced during weeks 13 to 15 after planting. Therefore, weeks 10 to 14 and weeks 13 to 15 are critical plant growth stages to differentiate among upland cotton lines for square and boll set, respectively, under drought stress. Variation in square and boll set during this stage may translate into variable lint percent, lint yield and fiber properties under water-limited conditions. Lint yield and fiber quality were markedly affected under rainfed conditions in all cotton lines tested. Despite significantly reduced lint yield in rainfed trials, some cotton lines including 11-21-703S, 06-46-153P, CS 50, L23, FM 989 and DP 491 performed relatively well under stress compared to other cotton lines. The results also reveal that cotton lines show variable responses for fiber properties under irrigated and rainfed trials. Breeding line 12-8-103S produced long, uniform and strong fibers under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. The significant variation observed among cotton genotypes for agronomic characteristics, yield and fiber quality under rainfed conditions indicate potential to breed cotton for improved drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Identification of stable QTLs for fiber quality and plant structure in Upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) under drought stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 776-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asena Akköse Baytar ◽  
Ceng Peynircioğlu ◽  
Volkan Sezener ◽  
Hüseyin Basal ◽  
Anne Frary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Stable Qtls

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of stem hardness traits with fiber and yield-related traits in core collections of Gossypium hirsutum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irum Raza ◽  
Dao-Wu Hu ◽  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Hongge Li ◽  
Shou-Pu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Compression Properties

Abstract Background Stem hardness is one of the major influencing factors for plant architecture in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Evaluating hardness phenotypic traits is very important for the selection of elite lines for resistance to lodging in Gossypium hirsutum L. Cotton breeder are interested in using diverse genotypes to enhance fiber quality and high-yield. The research for hardness and its relation with fiber quality and yield were very few. This study was designed to find the relationship of stem hardness traits with fiber quality and yield contributing traits of upland cotton. Results Experiments were carried out to measure the bending, acupuncture, and compression properties of the stem from a collection of upland cotton genotypes, comprising 237 accessions. The results showed that the genotypic difference in stem hardness was highly significant among the genotypes, and the stem hardness traits (BL, BU, AL, AU, CL, and CU) have a positive association with fiber quality traits and yield-related traits. Statistical analyses of the results showed that bending (BL, BU) has a maximum coefficient of variance and trait fiber length and fiber strength have less coefficient of variance among the genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced quantitative characters into nine principal components. The first nine principal components (PC) with Eigenvalues >1 explained 86% of the variation among 237 accessions of the cotton crop. Both 2017& 2018, PCA results indicated that BL, BU, FL, FE, and LI variables contributed their variability in PC1 and BU, AU, CU, FD, LP, and FWPB have shown their variability in PC2. Conclusion We describe here, to the best of our knowledge, the systematic study of the mechanism involved in the regulation of enhancing fiber quality and yield by stem bending strength, acupuncture, and compression properties of Gossypium hirsutum crop.

Effects of harvesting and ginning practices on Southern High Plains cotton: fiber quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 4938-4958 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D Wanjura ◽  
Carlos B Armijo ◽  
Christopher D Delhom ◽  
Randal K Boman ◽  
William B Faulkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
High Count ◽  
Fiber Length Distribution

The lint yield and fiber quality of cotton produced in the Southern High Plains of the USA have improved over the last decade, renewing interest in finding harvest and ginning practices that better preserve fiber quality. Previous research showed that picker harvesting and roller ginning may better preserve fiber quality, but conventional roller ginning was too slow to be adopted as the primary ginning system used for Upland cotton. Advancements in roller ginning technology have increased the ginning rate per unit width of rotary-knife roller gins to approximately equal that of saw gins. Research has shown that improvements in nep content and fiber length characteristics afforded by conventional roller ginning compared to saw ginning are maintained by the new high-speed roller gins (HSRGs). The objective of this work was to compare the fiber quality, seed quality, ginning rate, and lint turnout of Upland cotton produced in the Southern High Plains, harvested using a picker or a stripper, and ginned using saw or HSRG systems. The findings of this work indicate that the HSRG substantially improved the length characteristics of the Upland cultivars tested regardless of harvest method. Turnout was higher for the HSRG and for picker harvested cotton. Nep content was reduced for picker harvested cotton and the HSRG. The fiber length distribution and nep content improvements from the HSRG system make this fiber more attractive to ring spinning mills that produce high-count yarns for high-value products.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of Stem Hardness Traits with Fiber and Yield Related Traits in Core Collections of Gossypium hirsutum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irum Raza ◽  
Dao-Wu Hu ◽  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Hongge Li ◽  
Shou-Pu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Compression Properties

Abstract Background Stem hardness is one of the major influencing factors for plant architecture in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Evaluating hardness phenotypic traits is very important for the selection elite lines for resistant to lodging in Gossypium hirsutum L. Cotton breeder are interested in using diverse genotypes to enhance fibre quality and high- yield. The research for hardness and its relation with fiber quality and yield were very few. This study was designed to find the relationship of stem hardness traits with fiber quality and yield contributing traits of upland cotton. Results Experiments were carried out to measure the bending, acupuncture and compression properties of stem from a collection of upland cotton genotypes, comprising 237 accessions. The results showed that the genotypic difference in stem hardness were highly significant among the genotypes, and the stem hardness traits (BL, BU, AL, AU, CL and CU) have a positive association with fiber quality traits and yield related traits. In descriptive statistics result bending (BL, BU) have maximum coefficient of variance and trait fiber length and fiber strength have less coefficient of variance among the genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced quantitative characters into nine principal components. The first nine principal components (PC) with Eigen values >1 explained 0.86% of variation among 237 accessions of cotton crop. Both 2017& 2018, PCA results indicated that BL, BU, FL, FE and LI variables contributed their variability in PC1 and BU, AU, CU, FD, LP and FWPB have shown their variability in PC2. Conclusion We describe here, to the best of our knowledge, the systematic study of the mechanism involved in the regulation of enhancing fiber quality and yield by stem bending strength, acupuncture and compression properties of Gossypium hirsutum crop.

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