scholarly journals Acylation of Lignin with Different Acylating Agents by Mechanical Activation-Assisted Solid Phase Synthesis: Preparation and Properties

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Zhao ◽  
Yanjuan Zhang ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Zuqiang Huang ◽  
Huayu Hu ◽  
...  

Acylated lignins with substituents consisting of different lengths of carbon chains were prepared by a mechanical activation-assisted solid phase synthesis (MASPS) technology with a customized stirring ball mill as a reactor. The structures and properties were analyzed by UV/Vis, FTIR, NMR, SEM, DSC, and TG. The results showed that the acylated lignins were successfully prepared with either non-cyclic or cyclic anhydrides as the acylating agents. Both aliphatic hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups of lignin reacted with non-cyclic anhydrides, and different reactivity of acylating agents resulted in different relative contents of phenolic and aliphatic substituents in the products. The reactivity of the cyclic anhydrides was weaker than that of the non-cyclic anhydrides, and the reactivity of the acylating agents decreased with increasing carbon chain length and unsaturated bonds of acyl groups. All of the acylated lignins except maleylated lignin had a lower glass transition temperature (Tg) than the original lignin. The acylated lignins prepared with non-cyclic anhydrides had better thermal stability than original lignin, and the thermal stability increased, but Tg decreased with an increasing chain length of the acyl groups. The acylated lignins prepared with cyclic anhydrides had higher a Tg than those with non-cyclic anhydrides with the same carbon number, and the thermal stability was not obviously improved.

Tetrahedron ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (51) ◽  
pp. 14807-14812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Kuisle ◽  
Manuel Lolo ◽  
Emilio Quiñoá ◽  
Ricardo Riguera

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 3761-3772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Jwai ◽  
Emi Yamada ◽  
Miyuki Asaka ◽  
Yoji Hayase ◽  
Hideo Inoue ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2075-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiro Komba ◽  
Sayoko Sasaki ◽  
Sachiko Machida

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (83) ◽  
pp. 52382-52390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Zhao ◽  
Yanjuan Zhang ◽  
Liping Wei ◽  
Huayu Hu ◽  
Zuqiang Huang ◽  
...  

Four lignin model compounds were used in the reaction with acetic anhydride, with 4-dimethyl amino pyridine, sodium acetate, and sulfuric acid as catalysts to learn about the esterification mechanism of lignin by MASPS technology.


2012 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 624-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuqiang Huang ◽  
Yunfang Tan ◽  
Yanjuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaoping Liu ◽  
Huayu Hu ◽  
...  

1997 ◽  
Vol 256 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.D. Radeva ◽  
V. Blaskov ◽  
D. Klissurski ◽  
I. Mitov ◽  
A. Toneva

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (32) ◽  
pp. 26817-26825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingzhen Qin ◽  
Jierong Zhou ◽  
Aimin Huang ◽  
Jialin Guan ◽  
Qinglong Zhang ◽  
...  

Cellulose succinate, directly prepared by a simple and green mechanical activation-assisted solid-phase synthesis method in a stirring ball mill, was used as environmental-friendly adsorbent for efficient adsorption of heavy metals.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Nawrot ◽  
Olga Michalak ◽  
Barbara Mikołajczyk ◽  
Wojciech J. Stec

AbstractTris-(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide (THPO) to a certain extent resembles a part of 2′-deoxyribofuranose, although it exists in an acyclic form only and the oxygen atom at the THPO phosphorus center provides additional hydration site or acceptor of hydrogen bonds. After proper protection of hydroxyl groups, THPO was functionalized with nucleobases and converted into phosphoramidite monomers suitable for incorporation into growing oligonucleotide chains within the solid phase synthesis protocol. The resultant THPO-DNA analogs show reduced affinity to complementary DNA strands, and are resistant towards snake venom and calf spleen exonucleases.


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