scholarly journals Optical Properties and Conductivity of PVA–H3PO4 (Polyvinyl Alcohol–Phosphoric Acid) Film Blend Irradiated by γ-Rays

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1065
Author(s):  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
Saiful Prayogi ◽  
Muhamad F. Arif ◽  
Noor Maizura Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Roil Bilad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Polymer Film ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Γ Rays

This study assesses the optical properties and conductivity of PVA–H3PO4 (polyvinyl alcohol–phosphoric acid) polymer film blend irradiated by gamma (γ) rays. The PVA–H3PO4 polymer film blend was prepared by the solvent-casting method at H3PO4 concentrations of 75 v% and 85 v%, and then irradiated up to 25 kGy using γ-rays from the Cobalt-60 isotope source. The optical absorption spectrum was measured using an ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer over a wavelength range of 200 to 700 nm. It was found that the absorption peaks are in three regions, namely two peaks in the ultraviolet region (310 and 350 nm) and one peak in the visible region (550 nm). The presence of an absorption peak after being exposed to hυ energy indicates a transition of electrons from HOMO to LUMO within the polymer chain. The study of optical absorption shows that the energy band gap (energy gap) depends on the radiation dose and the concentration of H3PO4 in the polymer film blend. The optical absorption, absorption edge, and energy gap decrease with increasing H3PO4 concentration and radiation dose. The interaction between PVA and H3PO4 blend led to an increase in the conductivity of the resulting polymer blend film.

scholarly journals Polymer Film Blend of Polyvinyl Alcohol, Trichloroethylene and Cresol Red for Gamma Radiation Dosimetry

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1866
Author(s):  
Aris Doyan ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
Saiful Prayogi ◽  
Muhammad Roil Bilad ◽  
Muhamad Fatikul Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Polymer Film ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Radiation Dosimetry ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Cresol Red

This study investigated the polymer film composite of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), trichlorethylene (TCE) and cresol red (CR) dye irradiated with gamma (γ) rays for potential application as radiation dosimetry. The film was prepared via the solvent-casting method with varying concentrations of TCE. Film samples were exposed to radiation from a γ-rays radiation source of 60Cobalt isotope. Color changes before and after γ-rays irradiation were observed, and the optical properties of the polymer films were investigated by spectrophotometry. Results show that increasing the radiation dose physically changed the color of the polymer film, from purple (pH > 8.8) without radiation (0 kGy) to yellow (almost transparent) (2.8 < pH < 7.2) at the highest dose (12 kGy). The concentration of acid formed due to irradiation increased with the increase in irradiation doses and at higher TCE content. The critical doses of PVA-TCE composites decreased linearly with the increase of TCE composition, facilitating an easy calibration process. The dose response at 438 nm increased exponentially with increasing radiation dose, but showed an opposite trend at the 575 nm band. An increase in the TCA concentration indicated a decrease in the absorption edge and an increase in activation energy, but both decreased for all TCE concentrations at higher doses. The energy gap for the direct and the indirect transitions decreased with increasing TCE concentration and γ-rays radiation dose. The results of this study demonstrated the potential application of PVA-TCE-CR polymer film as γ-rays irradiation dosimetry in a useful dose range of 0–12 kGy.

scholarly journals Effect of thickness on optical properties of pure Epoxy Resin plates

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-559
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Refraction Index ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
Absorption Intensity ◽  
Light Region ◽  
Different Thickness

In this study, Epoxy Resin plates was prepared by mixing epoxy(A) and hardner(B)with ratio(A:B) (3:1) with different thickness (0.3-0.96)cm. The effect of thickness on optical properties have been studied (absorption ,transmission ,reflectance) also the optical constant were found like (absorption coefficient, extenuation coefficient and refraction index) for all of the prepared plates. The results have shown that by increasing the thickness of plates., the absorption intensity increase in which at plates thickness (0.3-0.96)cm the absorption intensity were(1.54-1.43) respectively, and since absorption peak for epoxy occur in ultraviolet region and exactly at wavelength(368)nm and energy gap(Eg=3.05 eV) thus their good transmittance in the visible light region The plates have transmittance of about (60-83.4)% in visible region ,the refraction index for Elda epoxy is (n= 1.53 ) and its reflectance is (R=4 )% at wavelength (368 nm).

scholarly journals Tuning the optoelectronic properties of hematite with rhodium doping for photoelectrochemical water splitting using density functional theory approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Muhammad Adil ◽  
Shabeer Ahmad Mian ◽  
Gul Rahman ◽  
Ejaz Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Formation Energy ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Functional Theory

AbstractHematite (Fe2O3) is one of the best candidates for photoelectrochemical water splitting due to its abundance and suitable bandgap. However, its efficiency is mostly impeded due to the intrinsically low conductivity and poor light absorption. In this study, we targeted this intrinsic behavior to investigate the thermodynamic stability, photoconductivity and optical properties of rhodium doped hematite using density functional theory. The calculated formation energy of pristine and rhodium doped hematite was − 4.47 eV and − 5.34 eV respectively, suggesting that the doped material is thermodynamically more stable. The DFT results established that the bandgap of doped hematite narrowed down to the lower edge (1.61 eV) in the visible region which enhanced the optical absorption and photoconductivity of the material. Moreover, doped hematite has the ability to absorb a broad spectrum (250–800) nm. The enhanced optical absorption boosted the photocurrent and incident photon to current efficiency. The calculated results also showed that the incorporation of rhodium in hematite induced a redshift in optical properties.

OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY AND NONLINEAR TRANSMITTANCE STUDY OF FULLERENE C60 IN MIXTURES WITH 2-CYCLOOCTYLAMINO-5-NITROPYRIDINE (COANP)

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY S. SARKISOV ◽  
ELENA I. RADOVANOVA ◽  
BURL H. PETERSON ◽  
ALEX LEYDERMAN ◽  
MICHAEL CURLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Infrared Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Fullerene C60 ◽  
Amino Group

Characterization of the infrared absorption spectrum of the solutions of fullerene C 60 with 2-cyclooctylamino-5-nitropyridine additive has been performed with the focus on possible bonding with the amino-group of the additive. No occurrence of such bonding was found at normal conditions. Also no change of optical absorption in visible region and optical limiting of fullerene due to chemical bonding with the additive was detected. The resulting optical properties of the mixture were simply a sum of the properties of the components for a molar proportion of the additive to fullerene approaching 200:1.

Electronic and Optical Properties of Indium Selenide Nanosheet Using First-Principle Calculations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1148-1154
Author(s):  
Hamza A. Mezerh ◽  
Kadhim J. Kadhim ◽  
Hamad Rahman Jappor
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Indium Selenide ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Electronic And Optical Properties ◽  
Index Value

Density functional theory (DFT) have been used to examine the electronic and optical, properties of two-dimensional (2D) indium selenide (InSe) nanosheet. Our calculations indicate that the energy band gap of InSe is indirect and equal to 1.53 eV. It can be seen that for the pristine case, the majority and minority density of state (DOS) are fully symmetric. The optical properties are considered up to 36 eV. Our results established that the absorption starts in the visible region, while the peaks in the ultraviolet region. The refractive index value is 1.84 at zero photon energy limit and increase to 2.31. The high refractive index allows this nanosheet to be utilized as an internal layer coating between the substrate and the ultraviolet absorbing layer. Additionally, we observed that the gained optical properties of InSe nanosheet are in the ultraviolet range and the results are significant. It is expected that from these calculations to provide useful information for further experimental investigations of InSe nanosheet.

STRUCTURAL, ELECTRONIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ZnxSy (x + y = 2 TO 4) NANOCLUSTERS: A B3LYP-DFT STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
P. S. YADAV ◽  
D. K. PANDEY ◽  
S. AGRAWAL ◽  
B. K. AGRAWAL
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Ultraviolet Region ◽  
Point Energy ◽  
Electronic And Optical Properties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Homo Lumo

The stability, structural, electronic, and optical properties have been studied for most stable zinc sulfide nanoclusters Zn x S y (x + y = n = 2 to 4). A B3LYP-DFT/6-311G(3df) method is employed to optimize the geometries, and a TDDFT method is used for the study of the optical properties. The binding energies (BE), HOMO–LUMO gaps and the bond lengths have been obtained for all the clusters. We have considered also the zero point energy (ZPE) corrections ignored by the earlier workers. For a fixed value of n, we designate the most stable structure the one, which has maximum final binding energy per atom. The adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials (IP) and electron affinities (EA), charge on atoms, dipole moment, and optical properties have been investigated for the most stable structures. The nanoclusters containing large number of S atoms for each "n" are found to be most stable. Except for ZnS nanocluster, the HOMO–LUMO gap increases with the number of S atoms. Similarly, except for ZnS , IP and EA fluctuate with the cluster size but reveal downward trend. The optical absorption is quite weak in visible region but is strong in the ultraviolet region in most of the nanoclusters except a few. The growth of most stable nanoclusters may be possible in the experiments.

NONLINEAR OPTICAL DEVICES: PROPERTIES OF POLYANILINE BASED CONDUCTING POLYMERS

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHIR KUMAR SHARMA ◽  
S. C. K. MISRA ◽  
K. N. TRIPATHI
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Spectral Range ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Devices ◽  
Backbone Structure

We report on the investigation of a series of polyaniline based conducting polymers with rather different backbone structure and energy gap in order to explore the effect of their molecular architecture on nonlinear optical properties. In particular, we report on the dispersion of x(3)(-ω;ω, -ω, ω) in the spectral range covering the rising slope of the optical absorption as well as in off resonance conditions.

Investigation of Optical Properties of ZnO/MnO2, ZnO/TiO2 and ZnO/MnO2/TiO2 Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 938 ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shanmuganathan ◽  
I.B. Shameem Banu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Energy Dispersive Analysis ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Uv Visible

ZnO nanocomposites such as (ZnO)0.8(MnO2)0.2, (ZnO)0.8(TiO2)0.2and (ZnO)0.8(MnO2)0.1(TiO2)0.1were prepared by solid state reaction method at room temperature. The structural analysis was carried out with help of powder XRD to confirm the formation of the composites. The morphological properties and presence of elemental compositions were analyzed with scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive analysis spectroscopy respectively. Optical properties were studied with UV visible spectrophotometer. From the transmittance spectrum, it is concluded that the synthesized composite materials have the transmittance in the range of 80 to 95% in the visible region. The calculated optical band gap values for pure ZnO is 3.16 eV and the values are 3.7eV, 5.27eV and 4.46eV for the composites ZnO/MnO2, ZnO/TiO2and ZnO/MnO2/TiO2, respectively. The study has found that the ZnO/MnO2, ZnO/TiO2and ZnO/MnO2/TiO2composites have very large energy gap as that of insulator.

STRUCTURAL, ELECTRONIC, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF 3d TRANSITION METAL ENDOHEDRAL M@Ge12H12(M=Sc–Ni) CLUSTERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1350063 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNMEI TANG ◽  
WEIHUA ZHU ◽  
AIMEI ZHANG ◽  
MINGYI LIU ◽  
KAIXIAO ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Closed Shell ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Vertical Electron Affinity ◽  
Ni Clusters ◽  
Homo Lumo ◽  
Magic Cluster

The fulerine- Ni @ Ge 12 H 12 structure, which composes of four pentagons and four rhombi and is like a fullerene, has a closed-shell electronic structure, the largest HOMO–LUMO energy gap, the highest vertical ionization potential, and the lowest vertical electron affinity. All of these properties are characteristic of a magic cluster, therefore, we strongly suggest fulerine- Ni @ Ge 12 H 12 should be a magic cluster and promising as building blocks in developing cluster-assembled nanomaterials. This can be interpreted by the weak interaction between Ni and the cage together with the transference of two electrons from the 4s orbital to the 3d orbital of Ni . The magnetic moment of fulerine- M @ Ge 12 H 12( M = Sc – Ni ) varies from 0 to 3 μB, implying they have potential applications in developing new nanomaterials with tunable magnetic properties. The calculated TDDFT optical properties of fulerine- M @ Ge 12 H 12( M = Sc – Ni ) can be tuned broadly in the ultraviolet–visible region. This is very important for optoelectronic applications.

Long-Term Stability of Optical Properties of Colloidal CdSe Nanocrystals in Polymer Matrices

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1940052
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Azhniuk ◽  
V. V. Lopushansky ◽  
A. V. Gomonnai ◽  
B. V. Lopushanska ◽  
A. E. Raevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Polymer Matrices ◽  
Cdse Nanocrystals ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Mild Conditions

Properties of CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) fabricated in aqueous solutions at relatively mild conditions in the presence of gelatine and stabilized in polymer (gelatine, gelatine + polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol) matrices are characterized by Raman, optical absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The effect of heating of the reaction mixture on the average NC size is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document