scholarly journals Eco–Friendly Peelable Active Nanocomposite Films Designed for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3999
Author(s):  
Gabriela Toader ◽  
Aurel Diacon ◽  
Traian Rotariu ◽  
Mioara Alexandru ◽  
Edina Rusen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Decontamination Factor ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Micro Organisms

In the context of imminent threats concerning biological and chemical warfare agents, the aim of this study was the development of a new method for biological and chemical decontamination, employing non-toxic, film-forming, water-based biodegradable solutions, using a nano sized reagent together with bentonite as trapping agents for the biological and chemical contaminants. Bentonite-supported nanoparticles of Cu, TiO2, and Ag were successfully synthesized and dispersed in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/glycerol (GLY) aqueous solution. The decontamination effectiveness of the proposed solutions was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques on various micro-organisms, with sulfur mustard (HD) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) as contaminants. The results indicate that the peelable active nanocomposite films can be successfully used on contaminated surfaces to neutralize and entrap the hazardous materials and their degradation products. Mechanical and thermal characterization of the polymeric films was also performed to validate the decontamination solution’s potential as peelable-film generating materials. The removal efficacy from the contaminated surfaces for the tested micro-organisms varied between 93% and 97%, while for the chemical agent HD, the highest decontamination factor obtained was 90.89%. DMMP was almost completely removed from the contaminated surfaces, and a decontamination factor of 99.97% was obtained.

scholarly journals Novel analytical approaches to determination of chemical warfare agents and related compounds for verification of nonproliferation of chemical weapons

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1491-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Rybalchenko ◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Timur M. Baygildiev ◽  
Andrey N. Stavrianidi ◽  
Arcady V. Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Fast Screening ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Analytical Approaches

AbstractIn this paper a summary of the author’s approaches for investigation of the mass spectral behavior of some chemical warfare agents (CWAs), their degradation products and metabolites, as well as the results of development of analytical methods for confirmation of nerve and blister agents application are presented. Hydrolysis and oxidation metabolites of nerve agents, sulfur mustard and lewisite were used as biomarkers of the exposure. Sensitive analytical methods have been developed for their detection, based mainly on tandem mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography. Several techniques for fast screening of CWAs degradation products based on capillary electrophoresis were also proposed. Some of developed approaches were successfully applied in the frame of the proficiency testing system of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

Spectroscopic investigation of substrates contaminated by chemical warfare agents

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2394-2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Landström ◽  
Lillemor Örebrand ◽  
Kristoffer Svensson ◽  
Per Ola Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Paint Systems ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Warfare Agents

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy have been evaluated for the purpose of analyzing contaminated and decontaminated substrates, such as Si wafers and different Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC) paint systems.

Mass spectrometric study of selected precursors and degradation products of chemical warfare agents

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1550-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Papoušková ◽  
Petr Bednář ◽  
Iveta Fryšová ◽  
Jakub Stýskala ◽  
Jan Hlaváč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Study ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Spectrometric Study ◽  
Warfare Agents

Analysis of degradation products of chemical warfare agents using capillary electrophoresis

The Analyst ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 136 (20) ◽  
pp. 4103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. Aleksenko ◽  
Pierre Gareil ◽  
Andrei R. Timerbaev
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Warfare Agents

Ion-Pair Single-Drop Microextraction Determinations of Degradation Products of Chemical Warfare Agents in Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ki Park ◽  
Woo Young Chung ◽  
Byungsub Kim ◽  
Young-sik Kye ◽  
Moon-sik Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Single Drop Microextraction ◽  
Warfare Agents

Oxidation of Chemical Warfare Agents in Supercritical Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2610-2615
Author(s):  
Lian Yuan Wang ◽  
Meng Meng Ma ◽  
Xiao Chun Hu ◽  
Guo Min Zuo ◽  
Hai Yan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Warfare Agents

Oxidation of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as Sulfur Oxidation of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as Sulfur Mustard (HD) and Soman (GD) and their simulants 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) in supercritical water were studied by a batch reactor. Results showed that HD, GD and their simulants 2-CEES and DMMP could be effectively destroyed into their corresponding mineral compounds by supercritical water oxidation (SCWO). The mineral ratio was a function of reaction temperature, reaction time and oxidant concentration. But reaction temperature seemed to have more important effect on the mineral ratio than other two factors. Sulfur compounds 2-CEES and HD could easily be mineralized under 475°C and the inorganic products were mainly SO32- and SO42- , while complete oxidation of organic phosphorus reactants GD and DMMP needed a high temperature of >600°C. And under relatively low temperature, DMMP tended to form a white organic phosphorus polymer with P-C and P-O-P bonds. Results also indicated that P-F bond was more easily broken than P-C bond.

scholarly journals Development of a method for derivatization of ethanolamines and its application to sand samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Tomas Rozsypal
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Temperature Calibration ◽  
Nitrogen Mustards ◽  
Warfare Agents

Nitrogen mustards are dangerous and available blistering chemical warfare agents. In the presented study, six derivatization methods are compared for the analysis of degradation products of the most important blistering nitrogen mustards (ethyl diethanolamine, methyl diethanolamine and triethanolamine) by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Five silylation methods (using BSTFA and BSA) and one trifluoroacetylation method (using TFAA) were tested. The derivatization reactions were performed in acetonitrile. As the method with optimal results, trifluoroacetylation by TFAA was selected. Analytes reacted with the corresponding reagent rapidly, quantitatively, with stable kinetics and at room temperature. Calibration curves for quantitative analysis of ethanolamines after TFAA derivatization were created. Correspond-ing detection limits varied between 9?10-3 and 7?10-5 mmol?dm-3 for the tested analytes. The developed method was applied for the analysis of ethanolamines after extraction from sand using acetonitrile. Limits of detection were 11.4 to 12.3 ?g of the analyte in 1 g of sand. It is encouraged to use the developed method in military deployable laboratories designated for rapid identification of chemical warfare agents and corresponding degradation products.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document