scholarly journals Large-Scale Water Productivity Assessments with MODIS Images in a Changing Semi-Arid Environment: A Brazilian Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5783-5804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio de C. Teixeira ◽  
Morris Scherer-Warren ◽  
Fernando Hernandez ◽  
Ricardo Andrade ◽  
Janice Leivas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Brazilian Case

CASE STUDY: Evaluation of Different Cooling Systems in Lactating Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows in a Semi-Arid Environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Burgos ◽  
L.J. Odens ◽  
R.J. Collier ◽  
L.H. Baumgard ◽  
M.J. VanBaale
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
Semi Arid

Crop yield and irrigation water productivity of silage maize under two water stress strategies in semi-arid environment: Two different pot and field experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 106999
Author(s):  
Mahdi Gheysari ◽  
Fatemeh Pirnajmedin ◽  
Hamid Movahedrad ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zareian
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Irrigation Water Productivity

scholarly journals Evaluation of drought propagation in an ensemble mean of large-scale hydrological models

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 8375-8424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Van Loon ◽  
M. H. J. Van Huijgevoort ◽  
H. A. J. Van Lanen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Drought Characteristics ◽  
Snow Season ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Ensemble Mean ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. Hydrological drought is increasingly studied using large-scale models. It is, however, not sure whether large-scale models reproduce the development of hydrological drought correctly. The pressing question is: how well do large-scale models simulate the propagation from meteorological to hydrological drought? To answer this question, we evaluated the simulation of drought propagation in an ensemble mean of ten large-scale models, both land-surface models and global hydrological models, that were part of the model intercomparison project of WATCH (WaterMIP). For a selection of case study areas, we studied drought characteristics (number of droughts, duration, severity), drought propagation features (pooling, attenuation, lag, lengthening), and hydrological drought typology (classical rainfall deficit drought, rain-to-snow-season drought, wet-to-dry-season drought, cold snow season drought, warm snow season drought, composite drought). Drought characteristics simulated by large-scale models clearly reflected drought propagation, i.e. drought events became less and longer when moving through the hydrological cycle. However, more differentiation was expected between fast and slowly responding systems, with slowly responding systems having less and longer droughts in runoff than fast responding systems. This was not found using large-scale models. Drought propagation features were poorly reproduced by the large-scale models, because runoff reacted immediately to precipitation, in all case study areas. This fast reaction to precipitation, even in cold climates in winter and in semi-arid climates in summer, also greatly influenced the hydrological drought typology as identified by the large-scale models. In general, the large-scale models had the correct representation of drought types, but the percentages of occurrence had some important mismatches, e.g. an overestimation of classical rainfall deficit droughts, and an underestimation of wet-to-dry-season droughts and snow-related droughts. Furthermore, almost no composite droughts were simulated for slowly responding areas, while many multi-year drought events were expected in these systems. We conclude that drought propagation processes are reasonably well reproduced by the ensemble mean of large-scale models in contrasting catchments in Europe and that some challenges remain in catchments with cold and semi-arid climates and catchments with large storage in aquifers or lakes. Improvement of drought simulation in large-scale models should focus on a better representation of hydrological processes that are important for drought development, such as evapotranspiration, snow accumulation and melt, and especially storage. Besides the more explicit inclusion of storage (e.g. aquifers) in large-scale models, also parametrisation of storage processes requires attention, for example through a global scale dataset on aquifer characteristics.

scholarly journals Soil erosion assessment in a semi-arid environment: a case study from the Argana Corridor, Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifa Bou-imajjane ◽  
Mhamed Alaeddine Belfoul ◽  
Racha Elkadiri ◽  
Martin Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Soil Erosion Assessment

scholarly journals Evaluation of drought propagation in an ensemble mean of large-scale hydrological models

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 4057-4078 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Van Loon ◽  
M. H. J. Van Huijgevoort ◽  
H. A. J. Van Lanen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Drought Characteristics ◽  
Snow Season ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Ensemble Mean ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. Hydrological drought is increasingly studied using large-scale models. It is, however, not sure whether large-scale models reproduce the development of hydrological drought correctly. The pressing question is how well do large-scale models simulate the propagation from meteorological to hydrological drought? To answer this question, we evaluated the simulation of drought propagation in an ensemble mean of ten large-scale models, both land-surface models and global hydrological models, that participated in the model intercomparison project of WATCH (WaterMIP). For a selection of case study areas, we studied drought characteristics (number of droughts, duration, severity), drought propagation features (pooling, attenuation, lag, lengthening), and hydrological drought typology (classical rainfall deficit drought, rain-to-snow-season drought, wet-to-dry-season drought, cold snow season drought, warm snow season drought, composite drought). Drought characteristics simulated by large-scale models clearly reflected drought propagation; i.e. drought events became fewer and longer when moving through the hydrological cycle. However, more differentiation was expected between fast and slowly responding systems, with slowly responding systems having fewer and longer droughts in runoff than fast responding systems. This was not found using large-scale models. Drought propagation features were poorly reproduced by the large-scale models, because runoff reacted immediately to precipitation, in all case study areas. This fast reaction to precipitation, even in cold climates in winter and in semi-arid climates in summer, also greatly influenced the hydrological drought typology as identified by the large-scale models. In general, the large-scale models had the correct representation of drought types, but the percentages of occurrence had some important mismatches, e.g. an overestimation of classical rainfall deficit droughts, and an underestimation of wet-to-dry-season droughts and snow-related droughts. Furthermore, almost no composite droughts were simulated for slowly responding areas, while many multi-year drought events were expected in these systems. We conclude that most drought propagation processes are reasonably well reproduced by the ensemble mean of large-scale models in contrasting catchments in Europe. Challenges, however, remain in catchments with cold and semi-arid climates and catchments with large storage in aquifers or lakes. This leads to a high uncertainty in hydrological drought simulation at large scales. Improvement of drought simulation in large-scale models should focus on a better representation of hydrological processes that are important for drought development, such as evapotranspiration, snow accumulation and melt, and especially storage. Besides the more explicit inclusion of storage in large-scale models, also parametrisation of storage processes requires attention, for example through a global-scale dataset on aquifer characteristics, improved large-scale datasets on other land characteristics (e.g. soils, land cover), and calibration/evaluation of the models against observations of storage (e.g. in snow, groundwater).

Estimation of surface runoff potential of a watershed in semi-arid environment — A case study

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip G. Durbude ◽  
B. K. Purandara ◽  
Arun Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Runoff Potential ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Delineation of small reservoirs using radar imagery in a semi-arid environment: A case study in the upper east region of Ghana

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Annor ◽  
N. van de Giesen ◽  
J. Liebe ◽  
P. van de Zaag ◽  
A. Tilmant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Environment ◽  
Small Reservoirs ◽  
East Region ◽  
Radar Imagery ◽  
Upper East Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals A groundwater potential zone mapping approach for semi-arid environments using remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and analytical hierarchical process (AHP) techniques: a case study of Buffalo catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Temidayo Owolabi ◽  
Kakaba Madi ◽  
Ahmed Mulakazi Kalumba ◽  
Israel Ropo Orimoloye
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zone ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Analytical Hierarchical Process ◽  
Mapping Approach ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractTheme unsuitability is noted to have inhibited the accuracy of groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) mapping approach, especially in a semi-arid environment where surface water supply is inadequate. This work, therefore presents a geoscience approach for mapping high-precision GWPZs peculiar to the semi-arid area, using Buffalo catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa, as a case study. Maps of surficial-lithology, lineament-density, drainage-density, rainfall-distribution, normalized-difference-vegetation-index, topographic-wetness-index, land use/land cover, and land-surface-temperature were produced. These were overlaid based on analytical hierarchical process weightage prioritization at a constituency ratio of 0.087. The model categorizes GWPZs into the good (187 km2), moderate (338 km2), fair (406 km2), poor (185 km2), and very poor (121 km2) zones. The model validation using borehole yield through on the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.901) and correlation (R = 0.949) indicates a significant replication of ground situation (p value < 0.001). The analysis corroboration shows that the groundwater is mainly hosted by a fractured aquifer where the GWPZs is either good (9.3 l/s) or moderate (5.5 l/s). The overall result indicates that the model approach is reliable and can be adopted for a reliable characterization of GWPZs in any semi-arid/arid environment.

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