scholarly journals A groundwater potential zone mapping approach for semi-arid environments using remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and analytical hierarchical process (AHP) techniques: a case study of Buffalo catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Temidayo Owolabi ◽  
Kakaba Madi ◽  
Ahmed Mulakazi Kalumba ◽  
Israel Ropo Orimoloye
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zone ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Analytical Hierarchical Process ◽  
Mapping Approach ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractTheme unsuitability is noted to have inhibited the accuracy of groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) mapping approach, especially in a semi-arid environment where surface water supply is inadequate. This work, therefore presents a geoscience approach for mapping high-precision GWPZs peculiar to the semi-arid area, using Buffalo catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa, as a case study. Maps of surficial-lithology, lineament-density, drainage-density, rainfall-distribution, normalized-difference-vegetation-index, topographic-wetness-index, land use/land cover, and land-surface-temperature were produced. These were overlaid based on analytical hierarchical process weightage prioritization at a constituency ratio of 0.087. The model categorizes GWPZs into the good (187 km2), moderate (338 km2), fair (406 km2), poor (185 km2), and very poor (121 km2) zones. The model validation using borehole yield through on the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.901) and correlation (R = 0.949) indicates a significant replication of ground situation (p value < 0.001). The analysis corroboration shows that the groundwater is mainly hosted by a fractured aquifer where the GWPZs is either good (9.3 l/s) or moderate (5.5 l/s). The overall result indicates that the model approach is reliable and can be adopted for a reliable characterization of GWPZs in any semi-arid/arid environment.

scholarly journals Modeling Groundwater Potential Zone in a Semi-Arid Region of Aseer Using Fuzzy-AHP and Geoinformation Techniques

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javed Mallick ◽  
Roohul Abad Khan ◽  
Mohd Ahmed ◽  
Saeed Dhafer Alqadhi ◽  
Majed Alsubih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zone ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zones ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Semi Arid

Saudi Arabia’s arid and semi-arid regions suffer from water scarcity because of climatic constraints and rapid growth of domestic and industrial water uses. The growing demand for high-quality water supplies and to reduce the dependency on desalination creates an urgent need to explore groundwater resources as an alternative. The weighted overlay analysis method using the fuzzy-analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques combined with geoinformation technology was used in this study to explore the groundwater potential zones in the Itwad-Khamis watershed of Saudi Arabia. Twelve thematic layers were prepared and processed in a GIS setting to produce the groundwater potential zone map (GPZM). Subsequently, potential groundwater areas were delineated and drawn into five classes: very good potential, good potential, moderate potential, poor potential, and very poor potential. The estimated GWPZ (groundwater potential zones) was validated by analyzing the existing open wells distribution and the yield data of selected wells within the studied watershed. With this quality-based zoning, it was found that 82% of existing wells were located in a very good and good potential area. The statistical analysis showed that 14.6% and 28.8% of the total area were under very good and good, while 27.3% and 20.2% were accounted for the moderate and poor potential zone, respectively. To achieve sustainable groundwater management in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia, this research provided a primary estimate and significant insights for local water managers and authorities by providing groundwater potential zone map.

scholarly journals Integrating GIS-based and geophysical techniques for groundwater potential assessment in Halabja Said Sadiq sub-basin, Kurdistan, NE Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hawber A. Karim ◽  
Diary A. Al-Manmi
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zone ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Geoelectrical Resistivity

Groundwater is an important resource in Halabja Said Sadiq sab-basin, Sulaymaniyah district for agricultural and other uses. Continuous dramatic extraction of groundwater from legal and illegal wells led to a severe decline in the water table for the last thirty years. The objectives of this study are to delineate the groundwater productivity zones by combining the geographic information system and geoelectrical survey, which serves to recognize the locations of good groundwater storage and recharge zones. The Halabja Said Sadiq sub-basin has been selected as a case study to delineate the groundwater productivity zones. Four geoelectrical resistivity profiles conducted with electrode spacing 10 m and the length of the profiles is equal to 710 m.  Themes such as hydrogeology, land use/land cover, topography, drainage density, soil type, slope, lineaments and rainfall maps are created. The thematic maps made with GIS platform and appropriate weights put to the attributes taking into account the influence on the storage potential of groundwater. The results of geoelectrical profiles revealed that the aquifer thickness is 150 m. Three zones of groundwater potential delineated which are low, moderate and high and cover 33 %, 24 %, and 42 % of the total area respectively. Spatially, the highest zone is located along with the Quaternary deposits which characterized by high lineament density, low slop, and pediment deposition The output of the groundwater potential model is verified by testing the discharge rate of the existing 580 wells. The results are revealed that most of the high yield wells are located within the high groundwater potential zone. Results of such verifications proved that the groundwater productivity areas recognized by GIS (AHP) and geoelectrical techniques are dependable and practical.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.112

CASE STUDY: Evaluation of Different Cooling Systems in Lactating Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows in a Semi-Arid Environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Burgos ◽  
L.J. Odens ◽  
R.J. Collier ◽  
L.H. Baumgard ◽  
M.J. VanBaale
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
Semi Arid

Thinking about offender social reintegration: A case study of one NGO programme in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282096742
Author(s):  
Emmison Muleya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Social Reintegration ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Former Offenders ◽  
Offender Reintegration

Successful social reintegration is critical if we are to reduce recidivism and crime in general. This voice of people article presents a background case for why effective offender reintegration services are key in South Africa, and the Eastern Cape in particular, through an example of the Offender Reintegration programme rendered by the National Institute of Crime Prevention and Reintegration of Offenders (NICRO). Apart from the paucity of literature on offender reintegration, very few voices from people working directly with these former offenders are ever heard. Therefore, this article seeks to address this gap by contributing to the body of knowledge on offender social reintegration.

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