Groundwater Potentiality Prediction Using AHP-MCDA and GBT Model in a Typical Basement Complex, Nigeria: Insights From Remote Sensing and Geophysical Datasets

Delineation of geologic features that are capable of hosting water in economic quantity in the Basement Complex has been a major concern because they are usually localized due to restricted fractured and weathered rock. To effectively evaluate the groundwater potentiality prediction index (GPPI) accuracy of an area, solely depends on the groundwater potentiality predictors (GPPs) considered and the statistical model used in analyzing the data. Therefore, the acquired remotely sensed and geophysical depth sounding database processed using autopartial curve matching software and computer aided iteration to determine was analyzed using the conventional Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model and the machine learning Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT) data driven model. Such a data driven model (GBT) is efficient in solving complex and cognitive problems in high uncertainty and complex environments. Twelve (12) groundwater potentiality predictors (GPPs) namely: Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Slope (S), Drainage Density (Dd), Land Use (Lu), Aquifer Resistivity (ρa), Aquifer Thickness (h), Overburden Thickness (b), Aquifer Hydraulic Conductivity (k), Aquifer Transmissivity (Tr), Aquifer Storativity (St), Aquifer Diffusivity (D), Aquifer Reflection Coefficient (Rc). The efficacy of GBT model was applied using the Salford Predictive Modeler 8.0 software. The data were partitioned into training and test dataset in ratio 90:10 using k-10 cross validation techniques. Their prediction importance was determined and the groundwater potentiality prediction index calculated and processed in the ArcGIS environment to produce the groundwater potential prediction index (GPPI) map of the investigated area. The investigated area was classed into three (3) zonations of low, moderate and high groundwater potential with about 56% classed within the low groundwater potential zone. Fifteen (15) water column measurement from wells was used to validate the developed model by calculating the predictive correlation accuracy (PCA) using the spearman's correlation analysis. The AHP-GPPI and GBT-GPPI model gave a correlation of (rs = 0.66; p = .007) and (rs = 0.74; p = .002) respectively. In conclusion, the model has proven that the drop in aquifer resistivity doesn't necessitate the presence of groundwater but rather several parameter should be integrated together to better understand the true nature of the aquifer.

Application of Geoelectrical Survey and Time-Lapse Resistivity with Groundwater Data in Delineating a Groundwater Potential Map: A Case Study from Phuket Island, Thailand

Phuket is well-known around the world as a popular tourist destination. Tourism-related population growth depends more on groundwater as the only available source of potable water in Phuket. The proper precautions must be taken to reduce the risk of spending large sums of money in sinking abortive boreholes, and a groundwater potential map would enhance the success rate of future groundwater exploration and exploitation in the study area. Geoelectrical surveys were carried out in this study to collect electrical properties of the subsurface, and the Dar-Zarrouk parameters (DZP) were calculated using the geoelectrical data. The first thematic groundwater potential map was constructed using the interpretation of DZP, while the second thematic groundwater potential map was created using the basis maps of the depth-of-basement and aquifer thickness parameters. Finally, two thematic maps based on geographic information system (GIS) environments were overlaid on a groundwater potential map of Phuket. However, in order to provide a reliable assessment of groundwater potential, time-lapse electrical resistivity imaging was used to confirm the area of the high-potential zone indicated on the map. The map created by this study is aimed to act as a reference for future groundwater exploration and exploitation, preventing water supplies from becoming unsustainable through botched borehole drilling for groundwater production.

A GIS-based AHP Method for Groundwater Potential Zone Assessment: A Review

Scientific and academic researches and studies trying to present a multi-range of techniques and methods focusing on groundwater pollution, potentials, assessment, and prediction, Groundwater is the most important resource of fresh water now and many researchers trying to cover all about this resource to get sustainable development. This review aims to create an overview of groundwater analysis and forecasting methods. The study is based on the need to select and group research papers into best-defined methodological categories. The article gives an overview of recent advancements in groundwater potential zone analysis approaches, as well as ongoing research objectives based on that overview. This review has overviewed papers and researches been published last decade 2010 -2020 have been done depending on the data sources from the global online database, which could obtain many papers and research studying the groundwater potential zones and other aspects related to groundwater. The aim of reviewing multiple types of research and papers on determining groundwater potential zones by applying the best techniques and selecting the most suitable factors that affect groundwater potential zones.

Demarcation of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Geospatial Technology in Edappadi Block, Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India

Groundwater is one of the world's most valuable resources, which contributes 85% of drinking water supplies. It is imperative to explore ground-water zone for the utilization to the people. Edappadi block in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, is rocky terrain largely depends on groundwater for drinking and irrigation. One of the most useful tools for locating ground water potential zones is remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS). Different types of thematic maps, such as lithology, geomorphology, drainage density, slope, lineament, and land use/land cover, can be easily created by visual interpretation of IRS-1C, LISS-III data and maps are prepared using GIS. The water potential zones are determined using a rank and weightage approach. In order to demarcate the water potential zones, the vector overlay method is used. Lithology is given more weight than geomorphology, followed by lineament density, lineament frequency, lineament intersection, slope and land use/land cover. Based on the overall results, the potential zone of groundwater in the research region is divided into five groups: Excellent, Very Good, Good, Moderate, and Poor.

Integrasi Metode Resistivitas, Seismik Refraksi, Geologi Berbasis Geospasial untuk Identifikasi Potensi Longsor di Srimartani, Yogyakarta

Kabupaten Bantul merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang berpotensi terjadi tanah longsor, tepatnya di daerah Srimartani, Kecamatan Piyungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi mengenai parameter metode geofisika daerah longsor dan mengetahui dugaan zona potensi longsor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei lokasi, akuisisi metode seismik refraksi, akuisisi metode resistivitas, dan pemetaan foto udara (geospasial). Dari penampang bawah permukaan seismik refraksi metode hagiwara didapatkan bahwa lapisan lapuk pada daerah riset berupa soil dan pasir tuffan dikarenakan memiliki sifat permeable dan bidang gelincirnya yang bersifat impermeable. Pada penampang bawah metode seismik refraksi lapisan pertama yaitu soil dengan kecepatan V1 sekitar 313.8 m/s – 461.6 m/s dan lapisan kedua yaitu pasir dengan kecepatan V2 sekitar 459 m/s – 1567 m/s. Sementara penampang bawah permukaan metode resistivitas konfigurasi dipole – dipole didapatkan lapisan lapuk tersebut memiliki nilai resitivitas yang kecil dikarenakan lapisan tersebut bersifat lunak sehingga ada kemungkinan lapisan tersebut dalam kondisi basah. Pada penampang resistivitas memiliki nilai 126 ohm.m hingga lebih dari 301 ohm.m, daerah tersebut diperkirakan terdapat batuan breksi batuapung dari formasi semilir yang diduga sebagai bidang gelincir. Dari segi geologi, daerah penelitian sangat rentan terjadi tanah longsor dikarenakan kondisi lereng searah dengan kondisi struktur regional di daerah penelitian yaitu barat-timur, didukung oleh kondisi batuan yang ada berupa breksi batuapung dan tuff yang sangat rawan terjadi longsor. Dengan adanya penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan mengenai antisipasi masyarakat dalam meminimalisir dampak yang ditimbulkan dari adanya tanah longsor. Bantul Regency is one of the districts that have the potential for landslides to occur, precisely in the Srimartani area, Piyungan District. This research was conducted with the aim of obtaining data and information about the parameters of the geophysical method of landslide areas and knowing the alleged landslide potential zone. The methods used in this research are site survey, seismic refraction acquisition method, resistivity method acquisition, and aerial photography (geospatial) mapping. From the subsurface seismic refraction of the Hagiwara method, it was found that the weathered layer in the research area was soil and sand due to its permeable properties and impermeable slip plane. . In the lower section of the seismic refraction method, the first layer is soil with a V1 velocity of around 313.8 m/s – 461.6 m/s and the second layer is sand with a V2 velocity of about 459 m/s – 1567 m/s. While the subsurface resistivity method of the dipole - dipole configuration found that the weathered layer has a small resistivity value because the layer is soft so there is a possibility that the layer is in a wet conditionIn the cross section resistivity has a value of 126 ohm.m to more than 301 ohm.m, the area is estimated to contain pumice breccia from the breccia formation which is thought to be a slip plane. In terms of geology, the research area is very susceptible to landslides because the slope conditions are in line with the regional structural conditions in the research area, namely west-east, supported by the existing rock conditions in the form of pumice breccia and tuff which are very prone to landslides. With this research, it is hoped that it can increase knowledge about community anticipation in minimizing the impact of landslides.

Analisis Spasial Clustering Zona Potensi Ikan Konsumsi Air Tawar di Kabupaten Bogor

<p><em>Data ikan konsumsi air tawar sangat diperlukan untuk mengetahui zona potensi ikan konsumsi air tawar, dengan tingkat potensi tinggi, sedang dan rendah pada 40 Kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Bogor, namun data yang diperoleh dari Dinas Perikanan dan Peternakan masih disajikan dalam buku yang menggambarkan peta dan data-data tentang perikanan. Serta untuk mengetahui produksi dari Tahun ke Tahun masih kurang optimal karena hanya disajikan dalam bentuk grafik statistik. Hal ini menyebabkan kesulitan dalam mengetahui zona ikan konsumsi air tawar, yang berpotensi memiliki tingkat potensi tinggi, sedang dan rendah, oleh karena itu diperlukanya </em>suatu peta sebaran<em>, untuk memudahkan dalam melihat peta sebaran zona potensi ikan konsumsi air tawar dengan potensi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah dari Tahun 2018-2019, kedalam bentuk peta menggunakan analisis k-means clustering</em> dengan bahasa pemrograman Rstudio<em>. Hasil penelitian analisis dengan k-means clustering menghasilkan 3 cluster dengan kategori tinggi, sedang dan rendah pada jenis ikan konsumsi air tawar. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu peta lokasi sebaran zona potensi ikan konsumsi air tawar di Kabupaten Bogor.</em></p><p> </p><p align="left"><strong>K</strong><strong>a</strong><strong>ta kunci: </strong><em>Analisis Spasial, Potensi Ikan Konsumsi, Metode Clustering, Zona potensi</em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Freshwater fish consumption data is very necessary to determine the potential zones of freshwater consumption fish, with high, medium and low potential levels in 40 sub-districts in Bogor Regency, but data obtained from the Department of Fisheries and Livestock are still presented in books that describe maps and </em><em>fishery data</em><em>. And to find out the production from year to year is still not optimal because it is only presented in the form of statistical graphs. This causes difficulties in knowing the zones of freshwater consumption fish, which have the potential to have high, medium and low potential levels</em> <em>a distribution map is needed, to make it easier to see a map of the distribution of </em><em>potential</em><em>l freshwater fish consumption zones with high, medium, and low potential. low from 2018-2019, into map form using k-means clustering analysis</em><em> with Rstudio programming language</em><em>. The results of the analysis with k-means clustering resulted in 3 clusters with high medium and low categories for freshwater consumption fish The results of this study are a map of the distribution of potential zones for freshwater consumption fish in Bogor</em><em>.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>Spatial Analysis, Potential Fish Consumption, Clustering Method, Potential Zone</em><em></em></p>

Multi-Criteria Decision Making and Dempster-Shafer Model Based Delineation of Groundwater Prospect Zones From A Semi-Arid Environment

The present study illustrates the delineation of the groundwater potential zones in one of the most critical and drought affected areas under Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. Hydrological evaluations were carried out in district Mahoba using GIS tools and remote sensing data which ultimately yielded several thematic maps, such as lineament density, land use/land cover, drainage density, lithology, slope, geomorphology, wetness index (WTI), altitude and soil. CartoDEM data which have spatial resolution of 30m i.e. equivalent to one arc second were used to create digital elevation model, drainage density, altitude, WTI and slope. The thematic layers were assigned relative weightages as per their groundwater potential prospects under multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method through analytical hierarchy process (AHP). To recognize the groundwater potential zone, weighted overlay analysis was performed using ArcMap software. Additionally, for testing of the Dempster-Shafer model, 16 borewells in high potential areas have been selected. Based on the probability of the groundwater occurrence, the belief factor was equated. Further combining the weighted layers, groundwater potential zones were obtained. The groundwater potential maps illustrate five zones having different potential in the Mahoba district. According to the AHP model the north-west side of the study area is characterized with very good potential zones whereas the north-east and south-east region constitute medium and poor groundwater potential zones respectively. It reflects that more than 50% of the area is having medium groundwater potential while 30 percent of the area falls under low potential zone. 10% of the study area falls under very good groundwater potential zones. According to the DS model, very high groundwater zones constitute only 7% and the remaining area falls under poor potential. Overall accuracy of the DS model was higher than AHP model.

Exploration of groundwater potential zones using analytical hierarchical process (AHP) approach in the Godavari river basin of Maharashtra in India

Total natural and groundwater resources play the most crucial role in developing ecological, biological and socioeconomic doings. Various parameters like land use, geology, elevation, slope, lineament, lineament density, drainage density and geomorphology affect the groundwater development of recharge and its accessibility. In this research, geographical information system (GIS), remote sensing, weighted overlay analysis and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods have been used for groundwater prospects mapping, and identifying suitable solutions site for soil and water conservation structures. To calculate the weights were assigned to every layers component in the determination of affecting factors. The weighted overlay analysis (WOA) tool is applied to give the sub-parameter ratings based on the scientific literature. The final map of potential groundwater zone map has prepared using Arc GIS 10.1 software and AHP methods. About 49.71% of the areas fall under the 'good potential zone, 41.05% falls under the 'moderate potential zone', and 9.22% falls under the 'poor zone by using AHP technique. Groundwater potential zone map is depend on the weighted overlay analysis and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods. The highest GWP is located in the lower part of the basin due to the best surface runoff gathering, infiltration situations and subsurface storage volume. The present study procedure, methods and outcomes can be valuable to estimate the suitable groundwater zones parallel to improve the dry land area in the semi-arid and arid regions of India.