scholarly journals Fabrication of a Urea Biosensor for Real-Time Dynamic Fluid Measurement

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyunghee Kim ◽  
Jeongeun Lee ◽  
Bo Moon ◽  
Ye Seo ◽  
Chan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Constant Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Constant Flow Rate ◽  
Linear Current ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Significant Concentration

In this study, a portable urea sensor that monitors the urea concentration in flow conditions was fabricated. We propose an electrochemical sensor that continually measures the urea concentration of samples flowing through it at a constant flow rate in real time. For the electrochemical sensing, a porous silk fibroin membrane with immobilized urease was mounted in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sensor housing. The fabricated urea sensor elicited linear current–concentration characteristics in the clinically significant concentration range (0.1–20 mM) based on peritoneal dialysis. The sensor maintained the linear current–concentration characteristics during operation in flow conditions.

scholarly journals Nanostructured P3HT as a Promising Sensing Element for Real-Time, Dynamic Detection of Gaseous Acetone

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Bertoni ◽  
Pasquale Naclerio ◽  
Emanuele Viviani ◽  
Simone Dal Zilio ◽  
Sergio Carrato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Flow ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Acetone Concentration ◽  
Electronic Noses ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Decay Times ◽  
Response To Water

The dynamic response of gas sensors based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers(NFs) to gaseous acetone was assessed using a setup based on flow-injection analysis, aimed atemulating actual breath exhalation. The setup was validated by using a commercially available sensor.The P3HT NFs sensors tested in dynamic flow conditions showed satisfactory reproducibility down toabout 3.5 ppm acetone concentration, a linear response over a clinically relevant concentration range(3.5-35 ppm), excellent baseline recovery and reversibility upon repeated exposures to the analyte,short pulse rise and fall times (less than 1 s and about 2 s, respectively) and low power consumption(few nW), with no relevant response to water. Comparable responses' decay times under eithernitrogen or dry air suggest that the mechanisms at work is mainly attributable to specific analytesemiconductingpolymer interactions. These results open the way to the use of P3HT NFs-basedsensing elements for the realization of portable, real-time electronic noses for on-the-fly exhaledbreath analysis.

Control Model Constructing on Real-Time Dynamic Reversible Lane in Condition of Connected Vehicle

CICTP 2020 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Mao ◽  
Wenquan Li ◽  
Pengsen Hu ◽  
Guiliang Zhou ◽  
Huiting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Time Dynamic

scholarly journals Dynamic Gesture Recognition System with Gesture Spotting Based on Self-Organizing Maps

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1933
Author(s):  
Hiroomi Hikawa ◽  
Yuta Ichikawa ◽  
Hidetaka Ito ◽  
Yutaka Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gesture Recognition ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
System Input ◽  
Self Organizing ◽  
Gesture Spotting

In this paper, a real-time dynamic hand gesture recognition system with gesture spotting function is proposed. In the proposed system, input video frames are converted to feature vectors, and they are used to form a posture sequence vector that represents the input gesture. Then, gesture identification and gesture spotting are carried out in the self-organizing map (SOM)-Hebb classifier. The gesture spotting function detects the end of the gesture by using the vector distance between the posture sequence vector and the winner neuron’s weight vector. The proposed gesture recognition method was tested by simulation and real-time gesture recognition experiment. Results revealed that the system could recognize nine types of gesture with an accuracy of 96.6%, and it successfully outputted the recognition result at the end of gesture using the spotting result.

Investigation on dynamic holographic display in liquid crystal film doped with carbon dots

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 780-787
Author(s):  
Hongyue Gao ◽  
Suna Li ◽  
Jicheng Liu ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Fan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Diffraction Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Light Polarization ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Holographic Display

In this paper, we studied the holographic properties of liquid crystal (LC) thin film doped with carbon dots (CDs) which can be used as real-time holographic display screen. The maximum value of diffraction efficiency can reach up to 30% by using a low applied electric field 0.2 V/μm. Holograms in the LC film can be dynamically formed and self-erased. The hologram build-up time and the hologram self-erasure time in the material is fast enough to realize video refresh rate. In addition, the forming process of hologram was studied. The holographic diffraction efficiency was measured depending on the intensity of recording light, applied electric field, the intensity of readout light, and readout light polarization direction. Triple enhancement of the diffraction efficiency value by the modulation of voltage under the condition of low recording energy is presented. Therefore, we develop an easy way to obtain real-time dynamic holographic red, green and blue displays with high diffraction efficiency, which allow the LC film doped with CDs to be used as a holographic 3D display screen.

An anti-settling sample delivery instrument for serial femtosecond crystallography

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Lomb ◽  
Jan Steinbrener ◽  
Sadia Bari ◽  
Daniel Beisel ◽  
Daniel Berndt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constant Flow ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Constant Flow Rate ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
After Hours ◽  
Serial Femtosecond Crystallography

Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) sources has the potential to determine the structures of macromolecules beyond the limitation of radiation damage and without the need for crystals of sufficient size for conventional crystallography. In SFX, a liquid microjet is used to inject randomly oriented crystals suspended in their storage solution into the FEL beam. Settling of crystals in the reservoir prior to the injection has been found to complicate the data collection. This article details the development of an anti-settling sample delivery instrument based on a rotating syringe pump, capable of producing flow rates and liquid pressures necessary for the operation of the injector. The device has been used successfully with crystals of different proteins, with crystal sizes smaller than 20 µm. Even after hours of continuous operation, no significant impairment of the experiments due to sample settling was observed. This article describes the working principle of the instrument and sets it in context with regard to the experimental conditions used for SFX. Hit rates for longer measuring periods are compared with and without the instrument operating. Two versions of the instrument have been developed, which both deliver sample at a constant flow rate but which differ in their minimum liquid flow rates and maximum pressures.

scholarly journals First Demonstration of Combined kV/MV Image-Guided Real-Time Dynamic Multileaf-Collimator Target Tracking

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungchul Cho ◽  
Per R. Poulsen ◽  
Alex Sloutsky ◽  
Amit Sawant ◽  
Paul J. Keall
Keyword(s):  
Target Tracking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Multileaf Collimator ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Image Guided
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