scholarly journals Enhancement of Biosensors by Implementing Photoelectrochemical Processes

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa del Barrio ◽  
Gabriel Luna-López ◽  
Marcos Pita
Keyword(s):  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Chemical Signal ◽  
Semiconducting Materials ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Semiconductor Interfaces ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
Semiconductor Electrode

Research on biosensors is growing in relevance, taking benefit from groundbreaking knowledge that allows for new biosensing strategies. Electrochemical biosensors can benefit from research on semiconducting materials for energy applications. This research seeks the optimization of the semiconductor-electrode interfaces including light-harvesting materials, among other improvements. Once that knowledge is acquired, it can be implemented with biological recognition elements, which are able to transfer a chemical signal to the photoelectrochemical system, yielding photo-biosensors. This has been a matter of research as it allows both a superior suppression of background electrochemical signals and the switching ON and OFF upon illumination. Effective electrode-semiconductor interfaces and their coupling with biorecognition units are reviewed in this work.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors Employing Natural and Artificial Heme Peroxidases on Semiconductors

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Neumann ◽  
Ulla Wollenberger
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Semiconducting Materials ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Catalyst Immobilization ◽  
Peroxidase Mimics ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
Heme Peroxidases ◽  
Novel Applications

Heme peroxidases are widely used as biological recognition elements in electrochemical biosensors for hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds. Various nature-derived and fully synthetic heme peroxidase mimics have been designed and their potential for replacing the natural enzymes in biosensors has been investigated. The use of semiconducting materials as transducers can thereby offer new opportunities with respect to catalyst immobilization, reaction stimulation, or read-out. This review focuses on approaches for the construction of electrochemical biosensors employing natural heme peroxidases as well as various mimics immobilized on semiconducting electrode surfaces. It will outline important advances made so far as well as the novel applications resulting thereof.

scholarly journals Advances in emergent biological recognition elements and bioelectronics for diagnosing COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-247
Author(s):  
Praopim Limsakul ◽  
Krit Charupanit ◽  
Chochanon Moonla ◽  
Itthipon Jeerapan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Recognition Elements

scholarly journals Analysis of DDT Isomers with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Optical Immunosensor Based on Rat Monoclonal Antibodies as Biological Recognition Elements

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra M Krämer ◽  
Cristina M Weber ◽  
Stephan Forster ◽  
Peter Rauch ◽  
Elisabeth Kremmer
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lambda Light Chain ◽  
Optical Readout ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Optical Immunosensor ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
Field Excitation ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Abstract New rat monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane], namely DDT 7C12, DDT 1C1, and DDT 1B2, were developed, characterized, and applied in ELISA both in coating antigen and in enzyme-tracer format. The latter used horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or glucose oxidase as enzymes. The lowest concentration of p,p-DDT was determined with mAb DDT 7C12 and DDT-hapten HRP, with a test midpoint (IC50) of 0.5 ± 0.2 µg/L (n = 10) in 40 mM PBS (phosphate-buffered saline). The mouse anti-rat immunoglobulin lambda-light chain mAb LA1B12 was used as capture mAb. The best IC50 for o,p´-DDT in 40 mM PBS was 1.0 ± 0.3 µg/L (n = 12) and was obtained with mAb DDT 1C1 and DDT-hapten HRP, whereas mAb DDT 1B2 was very selective for p,p-DDT with an IC50 of 4.2 ± 1.6 µg/L (in 40 mM PBS, n = 9). An optical immunosensor was optimized and applied for the analysis of DDT (or DDT equivalents). This immunosensor consists of a bench-top optical readout device and disposable sensor chips, which include the fluidic system. Evanescent field excitation and emission of the fluorophore Oyster<sup/>-645 was used. An IC50 for p,p´-DDT [in 5 (v/v) isopropanol in 40 mM PBS] of 4 µg/L was obtained using DDT 7C12-Oyster-645. ELISA and immunosensor were used for the analysis of p,p-DDT in unspiked and spiked surface water samples. Within the working ranges of these immunotechniques, recoveries ranged from 80 to 120.

Self-Assembling Nanostructures: Recognition and Ordered Assembly in Protein-Based Materials

1992 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin P. McGrath ◽  
David L. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Specific Recognition ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
Recombinant Polypeptides

AbstractA new approach to materials design is presented, utilizing specific recognition and assembly at the molecular level. The approach described exploits the control over polymer chain microstructure afforded by biosynthesis to produce proteinbased materials with precisely defined physical properties. Incorporated into these materials are recognition elements that stringently control the placement and organization of each chain within higher order superstructures. The proteins, designated Recognin A2 through Recognin E2, are recombinant polypeptides designed de novo from both natural consensus sequences and an appreciation of the physical principles governing biological recognition. These materials are designed to examine the forces involved in specific recognition and complexation. through control of charge identity and placement, a pattern for specific interaction can be introduced. A subset of these materials are programmed to spontaneously assemble into complex, multicomponent structures and represent the first step in a rational approach to nanometer-scale structural design.

scholarly journals Immobilization of Nanobodies with Vapor-Deposited Polymer Encapsulation for Robust Biosensors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolan Fan ◽  
Jiale Du ◽  
Kwang-Won Park ◽  
Eric Strieter ◽  
Trisha L. Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Polymer Encapsulation ◽  
Ph Tolerance ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Protective Polymer ◽  
Recognition Elements

To produce next-generation, shelf-stable biosensors for point-of-care diagnostics, a combination of rugged biomolecular recognition elements, efficient encapsulants and innocuous deposition approaches are needed. Furthermore, to ensure that the sensitivity and specificity that is inherent to biological recognition elements is maintained in solid-state biosensing systems, site-specific immobilization chemistries must be invoked such that the function of the biomolecule remains unperturbed. In this work, we present a widely-applicable strategy to develop robust solid-state biosensors using emergent nanobody (Nb) recognition elements coupled with a vapor-deposited polymer encapsulation layer. As compared to conventional immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, Nbs are smaller (12-15 kDa as opposed to ~150 kDa), have higher thermal stability and pH tolerance, boast greater ease of recombinant production, and are capable of binding antigens with high affinity and specificity. Photoinitiated chemical vapor deposition (piCVD) affords thin, protective polymer barrier layers over immobilized Nb arrays that allow for retention of Nb activity and specificity after both storage under ambient conditions and complete desiccation. Most importantly, we also demonstrate that vapor-deposited polymer encapsulation of nanobody arrays enables specific detection of target proteins in complex heterogenous samples, such as unpurified cell lysate, which is otherwise challenging to achieve with bare Nb arrays.

Dielectric Materials in Organic Thin Film Transistors

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Awomolo ◽  
L. Jiang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
G. Jursich ◽  
C.G. Takoudis
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Organic Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
Semiconducting Materials ◽  
Plastic Substrates ◽  
Semiconductor Interfaces ◽  
Organic Semiconducting Materials ◽  
And Performance

This work focuses on dielectric materials in organic thin film transistors. Silicon oxides whose surfaces are modified with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and octyltriethoxylSilane (OTS) are investigated. Organic semiconducting materials are used in the transistors made within the scope of this work. Although the devices made using our procedures did not exhibit satisfactory performance, we explored and understood some chemical and engineering aspects of the relevant dielectric/semiconductor interfaces in organic thin film transistors. Understanding these systems would help with improvements of the electrical properties and performance of such systems when plastic substrates are used at the next stage of the project.

Nano-Biohybrid Light-Harvesting Systems for Solar Energy Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo-Jin An ◽  
Jessica Co-Reyes ◽  
Vivek B. Shah ◽  
Wei-Ning Wang ◽  
Gregory S. Orf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Reaction Centers ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Layer Adsorption ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Light Harvesting Antenna

ABSTRACTAll photosynthetic organisms contain light-harvesting antenna complexes and electron transfer complexes called reaction centers. Some photosynthetic bacteria contain large (~100 MDa) peripheral antenna complexes known as chlorosomes. Chlorosomes lose their reaction center when they are extracted from organisms. Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) were used for artificial reaction centers. Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) allows different sizes of PbS QDs with different cycles to be easily deposited onto the nanostructured columnar titanium dioxide (TiO2) film with single crystal. Chlorosomes were sequentially deposited onto the PbS QDs surface by electrospray. Compared to the typical PbS QD sensitized solar cells, overall energy conversion efficiency increased with the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect between PbS QDs and chlorosomes.

Light-harvesting effect in photoelectric conversion with dye multilayers on a semiconductor electrode

1988 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 754-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyasu Sato ◽  
Masahiro Kawasaki ◽  
Kazuo Kasatani ◽  
Yuji Higuchi ◽  
Terukazu Azuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Semiconductor Electrode

scholarly journals Immobilization of Nanobodies with Vapor-Deposited Polymer Encapsulation for Robust Biosensors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolan Fan ◽  
Jiale Du ◽  
Kwang-Won Park ◽  
Eric Strieter ◽  
Trisha L. Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Polymer Encapsulation ◽  
Ph Tolerance ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics ◽  
Biological Recognition ◽  
Protective Polymer ◽  
Recognition Elements

To produce next-generation, shelf-stable biosensors for point-of-care diagnostics, a combination of rugged biomolecular recognition elements, efficient encapsulants and innocuous deposition approaches are needed. Furthermore, to ensure that the sensitivity and specificity that is inherent to biological recognition elements is maintained in solid-state biosensing systems, site-specific immobilization chemistries must be invoked such that the function of the biomolecule remains unperturbed. In this work, we present a widely-applicable strategy to develop robust solid-state biosensors using emergent nanobody (Nb) recognition elements coupled with a vapor-deposited polymer encapsulation layer. As compared to conventional immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, Nbs are smaller (12-15 kDa as opposed to ~150 kDa), have higher thermal stability and pH tolerance, boast greater ease of recombinant production, and are capable of binding antigens with high affinity and specificity. Photoinitiated chemical vapor deposition (piCVD) affords thin, protective polymer barrier layers over immobilized Nb arrays that allow for retention of Nb activity and specificity after both storage under ambient conditions and complete desiccation. Most importantly, we also demonstrate that vapor-deposited polymer encapsulation of nanobody arrays enables specific detection of target proteins in complex heterogenous samples, such as unpurified cell lysate, which is otherwise challenging to achieve with bare Nb arrays.

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