scholarly journals Does the Order of Submaximal Lactate Threshold and Maximal Oxygen Uptake Testing Influence Test Outcomes?

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Per-Øyvind Torvik ◽  
Roland van den Tillaar ◽  
Gaute Iversen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Uptake Test ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Test Outcomes

The aim of this study was to investigate if the order of submaximal lactate threshold and maximal oxygen uptake testing would influence test outcomes. Twelve well-trained male cross-country skiers (mean age 19.6 years) performed two test sessions within a week in a within-subjects repeated measures with cross-over design study. A maximal oxygen uptake test (VO2max) followed by a lactate threshold (LT) test and vice versa, were performed. The test data included VO2, blood lactate (La-b), heart rate (HR), performance speed, Borg scale (RPE) at all stages and lactate accumulation throughout the whole test protocol including the breaks. No significant effect of testing order was found for: VO2max (74.23 vs. 73.91 mL∙min−1∙kg−1), maximal HR (190.7 vs. 189.9 bpm) and speed at LT during uphill running. Three out of four common definitions of LT resulted in the same La-b at the last two steps, 11 and 12 km/h respectively, in the two protocols. It is worth noting that VO2, HR and La-b were higher in the first two stages of the LT test when VO2max was tested first in the protocol. Well-trained cross-country skiers conclusively attained a similar VO2max and LT in both protocols, and the two tests did not seem to influence each other in terms of the degree of exhaustion that occurs in a single VO2max or an incremental LT test. However, when using a curvilinear function to define the LT, it is important to know that the VO2max test can influence levels of VO2, HR and La-b at the first two stages of the LT test.

scholarly journals Maximal Oxygen Uptake Validation in Children With Expiratory Flow Limitation

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Robben ◽  
David C. Poole ◽  
Craig A. Harms
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Flow Limitation ◽  
Expiratory Flow Limitation ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rate Relationship ◽  
Expiratory Flow

A two-test protocol (incremental/ramp (IWT) + supramaximal constant-load (CWR)) to affirm max and obviate reliance on secondary criteria has only been validated in highly fit children. In girls (n = 15) and boys (n = 12) with a wide range of VO2max (17–47 ml/kg/min), we hypothesized that this procedure would evince a VO2-WR plateau and unambiguous VO2max even in the presence of expiratory flow limitation (EFL). A plateau in the VO2-work rate relationship occurred in 75% of subjects irrespective of EFL There was a range in RER at max exercise for girls (0.97–1.14; mean 1.06 ± 0.04) and boys (0.98−1.09; mean 1.03 ± 0.03) such that 3/15 girls and 2/12 boys did not achieve the criterion RER. Moreover, in girls with RER > 1.0 it would have been possible to achieve this criterion at 78% VO2max. Boys achieved 92% VO2max at RER = 1.0. This was true also for HRmax where 8/15 girls’ and 6/12 boys’ VO2max would have been rejected based on HRmax being < 90% of age-predicted HRmax. In those who achieved the HRmax criterion, it represented a VO2 of 86% (girls) and 87% (boys) VO2max. We conclude that this two-test protocol confirms VO2max in children across a threefold range of VO2max irrespective of EFL and circumvents reliance on secondary criteria.

A maximal oxygen uptake test during ice skating

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 207???211 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. FERGUSON ◽  
G. G. MARCOTTE ◽  
R. R. MONTPETIT
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ice Skating ◽  
Uptake Test

Acute effects of chocolate milk and a commercial recovery beverage on postexercise recovery indices and endurance cycling performance

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Pritchett ◽  
Philip Bishop ◽  
Robert Pritchett ◽  
Matt Green ◽  
Charlie Katica
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Significant Difference

To maximize training quality, athletes have sought nutritional supplements that optimize recovery. This study compared chocolate milk (CHOC) with a carbohydrate replacement beverage (CRB) as a recovery aid after intense exercise, regarding performance and muscle damage markers in trained cyclists. Ten regional-level cyclists and triathletes (maximal oxygen uptake 55.2 ± 7.2 mL·kg–1·min–1) completed a high-intensity intermittent exercise protocol, then 15–18 h later performed a performance trial at 85% of maximal oxygen uptake to exhaustion. Participants consumed 1.0 g carbohydrate·kg–1·h–1 of a randomly assigned isocaloric beverage (CHOC or CRB) after the first high-intensity intermittent exercise session. The same protocol was repeated 1 week later with the other beverage. A 1-way repeated measures analysis of variance revealed no significant difference (p = 0.91) between trials for time to exhaustion at 85% of maximal oxygen uptake (CHOC 13 ± 10.2 min, CRB 13.5 ± 8.9 min). The change in creatine kinase (CK) was significantly (p < 0.05) greater in the CRB trial than in the CHOC trial (increase CHOC 27.9 ± 134.8 U·L–1, CRB 211.9 ± 192.5 U·L–1), with differences not significant for CK levels before the second exercise session (CHOC 394.8 ± 166.1 U·L–1, CRB 489.1 ± 264.4 U·L–1) between the 2 trials. These findings indicate no difference between CHOC and this commercial beverage as potential recovery aids for cyclists between intense workouts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of true maximal oxygen uptake based on a novel set of standardized criteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian W. Midgley ◽  
Sean Carroll ◽  
David Marchant ◽  
Lars R. McNaughton ◽  
Jason Siegler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Uptake Test ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Individual

In this study, criteria are used to identify whether a subject has elicited maximal oxygen uptake. We evaluated the validity of traditional maximal oxygen uptake criteria and propose a novel set of criteria. Twenty athletes completed a maximal oxygen uptake test, consisting of an incremental phase and a subsequent supramaximal phase to exhaustion (verification phase). Traditional and novel maximal oxygen uptake criteria were evaluated. Novel criteria were: oxygen uptake plateau defined as the difference between modelled and actual maximal oxygen uptake >50% of the regression slope of the individual oxygen uptake–workrate relationship; as in the first criterion, but for maximal verification oxygen uptake; and a difference of ≤4 beats·min–1 between maximal heart rate values in the 2 phases. Satisfying the traditional oxygen uptake plateau criterion was largely an artefact of the between-subject variation in the oxygen uptake–workrate relationship. Secondary criteria, supposedly an indicator of maximal effort, were often satisfied long before volitional exhaustion, even at intensities as low as 61% maximal oxygen uptake. No significant mean differences were observed between the incremental and verification phases for oxygen uptake (t = 0.4; p = 0.7) or heart rate (t = 0.8; p = 0.5). The novel oxygen uptake plateau criterion, maximal oxygen uptake verification criterion, and maximal heart rate verification criterion were satisfied by 17, 18, and 18 subjects, respectively. The small individual absolute differences in oxygen uptake between incremental and verification phases observed in most subjects provided additional confidence that maximal oxygen uptake was elicited. Current maximal oxygen uptake criteria were not valid and novel criteria should be further explored.

Scaling maximal oxygen uptake to predict performance in elite-standard men cross-country skiers

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 1753-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Carlsson ◽  
Magnus Carlsson ◽  
Majbritt Felleki ◽  
Daniel Hammarström ◽  
Daniel Heil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cross Country

scholarly journals Interaction of test protocol and horizontal run training on maximal oxygen uptake

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 581???587 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS ALLEN ◽  
BEAU J. FREUND ◽  
JACK H. WILMORE
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Test Protocol
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