scholarly journals A Countermeasure for Preventing Flexibility Deficit under High-Level Penetration of Renewable Energies: A Robust Optimization Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwoo Jeong ◽  
Heewon Shin ◽  
Hwachang Song ◽  
Byongjun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Robust Optimization ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Flexible Resources ◽  
High Level

An energy paradigm shift has rapidly occurred around the globe. One change has been an increase in the penetration of sustainable energy. However, this can affect the reliability of power systems by increasing variability and uncertainty from the use of renewable resources. To improve the reliability of an energy supply, a power system must have a sufficient amount of flexible resources to prevent a flexibility deficit. This paper proposes a countermeasure for protecting nonnegative flexibility under high-level penetration of renewable energy with robust optimization. The proposed method is divided into three steps: (i) constructing an uncertainty set with the capacity factor of renewable energy, (ii) searching for the initial point of a flexibility deficit, and (iii) calculating the capacity of the energy storage system to avoid such a deficit. In this study, robust optimization is applied to consider the uncertainty of renewable energy, and the results are compared between deterministic and robust approaches. The proposed method is demonstrated on a power system in the Republic of Korea.

scholarly journals BESS Deployment Strategy in Jeju Carbon-Free Islands for Reducing Renewable Energy Curtailment

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6082
Author(s):  
Changgun Lee ◽  
Seunghyuk Im ◽  
Jaeyeop Jung ◽  
Byongjun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Frequency Stability ◽  
System Stability ◽  
High Voltage Direct Current ◽  
Battery Energy

Renewable energy curtailment often occurs to accommodate large amounts of renewable energy sources in power systems while maintaining system stability and reliability. Widely known methods, such as new transmission line construction, the introduction of demand-side resources, and the reduction of conventional generator output, can minimize the occurrence of curtailment; however, there are difficulties in introducing them because of social and economic problems. For these problems, the Jeju power system adopted a battery energy storage system (BESS) resource to mitigate the curtailment and secure frequency stability with the high penetration of renewable energy. The small-size Jeju island power system is operated with reliability must-run (RMR) units and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines connected to the mainland. Since the number of RMR units contributes to frequency stability by providing inertia, reducing the number of operating units for curtailment mitigation is difficult. Therefore, in this paper, based on the current “Carbon-Free island” policy and operation plan of the Jeju power system, we proposed a BESS for reducing the number of RMR units, observe the effect of reducing curtailment using the BESS, and suggest a practical operation plan to reduce the number of RMR units under conditions that secure frequency stability.

scholarly journals The Flexible Operation of Coal Power and Its Renewable Integration Potential in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunning Na ◽  
Huan Pan ◽  
Yuhong Zhu ◽  
Jiahai Yuan ◽  
Lixia Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Integration ◽  
Flexible Resources ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Coal Power ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Flexible Operation

At present time, China’s power systems face significant challenges in integrating large-scale renewable energy and reducing the curtailed renewable energy. In order to avoid the curtailment of renewable energy, the power systems need significant flexibility requirements in China. In regions where coal is still heavily relied upon for generating electricity, the flexible operations of coal power units will be the most feasible option to face these challenges. The study first focused on the reasons why the flexible operation of existing coal power units would potentially promote the integration of renewable energy in China and then reviewed the impacts on the performance levels of the units. A simple flexibility operation model was constructed to estimate the integration potential with the existing coal power units under several different scenarios. This study’s simulation results revealed that the existing retrofitted coal power units could provide flexibility in the promotion of the integration of renewable energy in a certain extent. However, the integration potential increment of 20% of the rated power for the coal power units was found to be lower than that of 30% of the rated power. Therefore, by considering the performance impacts of the coal power units with low performances in load operations, it was considered to not be economical for those units to operate at lower than 30% of the rated power. It was believed that once the capacity share of the renewable energy had achieved a continuously growing trend, the existing coal power units would fail to meet the flexibility requirements. Therefore, it was recommended in this study that other flexible resources should be deployed in the power systems for the purpose of reducing the curtailment of renewable energy. Furthermore, based on this study’s obtained evidence, in order to realize a power system with high proportions of renewable energy, China should strive to establish a power system with adequate flexible resources in the future.

scholarly journals An extensive review of energy storage system for the residential renewable energy system

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
M. S. A. Mustaza ◽  
M. A. M. Ariff ◽  
Sofia Najwa Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Battery Management System

Energy storage system (ESS) plays a prominent role in renewable energy (RE) to overcome the intermittent of RE energy condition and improve energy utilization in the power system. However, ESS for residential applications requires specific and different configuration. Hence, this review paper aims to provide information for system builders to decide the best setup configuration of ESS for residential application. In this paper, the aim is to provide an insight into the critical elements of the energy storage technology for residential application. The update on ESS technology, battery chemistry, battery charging, and monitoring system and power inverter technology are reviewed. Then, the operation, the pro, and cons of each variant of these technologies are comprehensively studied. This paper suggested that the ESS for residential ESS requires NMC battery chemistry because it delivers an all-rounded performance as compared to other battery chemistries. The four-stages constant current (FCC) charging technique is recommended because of the fast charging capability and safer than other charging techniques reviewed. Next, the battery management system (BMS) is recommended to adapt in advance machine learning method to estimate the state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH) and internal temperature (IT) to increase the safety and prolong the lifespan of the batteries. Finally, these recommendations and solutions aimed to improve the utilization of RE energy in power system, especially in residential ESS application and offer the best option that is available on the shelf for the residential ESS application in the future.

A Study on Wind - Energy Storage Hybrid System

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Liang ◽  
Jian Lin Li ◽  
Dong Hui
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Wind Power System

Recently, more and more people realize the importance of environment protection. Electric power generation systems using renewable energy sources have an advantage of no greenhouse effect gas emission. Among all the choices, wind power can offer an economic and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional methods of power supply. As a result, wind energy generation, utilization and its grid penetration in electrical grid is increasing world wide. The wind generated power is always fluctuating due to its time varying nature and causing stability problem. Inserting energy storage system into large scale wind farm to eliminate the fluctuation becomes a solution for developing large scale renewable energy system connected with grid. The topology diagram and control strategy are presented in this paper. According to the simulation result, it could be indicated that embedding energy storage system into wind power system could improve the access friendly and extend system functions. This paper shows that integrating energy storage system into wind power system will build a more reliable and flexible system for power grid.

scholarly journals Modeling Analysis and Improvement of Power Loss in Microgrid

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lan ◽  
S. Wen ◽  
Q. Fu ◽  
D. C. Yu ◽  
L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Distributed Generations

The consumption of conventional energy sources and environmental concerns have resulted in rapid growth in the amount of renewable energy introduced to power systems. With the help of distributed generations (DG), the improvement of power loss and voltage profile can be the salient benefits. However, studies show that improper placement and size of energy storage system (ESS) lead to undesired power loss and the risk of voltage stability, especially in the case of high renewable energy penetration. To solve the problem, this paper sets up a microgrid based on IEEE 34-bus distribution system which consists of wind power generation system, photovoltaic generation system, diesel generation system, and energy storage system associated with various types of load. Furthermore, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed in the paper to minimize the power loss and improve the system voltage profiles by optimally managing the different sorts of distributed generations under consideration of the worst condition of renewable energy production. The established IEEE 34-bus system is adopted to perform case studies. The detailed simulation results for each case clearly demonstrate the necessity of optimal management of the system operation and the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Over-Frequency through Optimal Allocation of BESS in a Low-Inertia Power System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4555
Author(s):  
Nahid-Al Masood ◽  
Md. Nahid Haque Shazon ◽  
Hasin Mussayab Ahmed ◽  
Shohana Rahman Deeba
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Storage System ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Battery Energy

The primary objective of this paper is to alleviate the over-frequency problem in low-inertia power systems through optimal allocation of a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). With prolific integration of wind power, conventional fossil-fuel driven synchronous generators are being replaced in the generation fleet. Variable speed wind machines are connected to the grid via power electronics converters. As such, these machines usually do not participate in frequency regulation. During high wind penetration, a generation-rich zone of an interconnected power system may face significant over-frequency following the loss of interconnection. If the frequency goes above a certain threshold, an Over-Frequency Generator Shedding (OFGS) scheme is activated. This may cause considerable amount of generation cut in a low-inertia power system. To address this challenge, this paper develops a siting and sizing methodology of frequency-responsive BESS to simultaneously maintain frequency and voltage stabilities. As such, BESS is placed at the most voltage-sensitive bus, determined by an index called reactive power margin. Furthermore, an optimization model is formulated to determine the BESS size to avoid generation shedding. The proposed technique is applied to a low-inertia power system, which resembles the equivalent high-voltage transmission network of South Australia. The simulation results reveal that the developed methodology successfully mitigates the over-frequency phenomenon. In addition, the proposed technique is found to be more effective than its counterpart (i.e., without BESS) to enhance the frequency resilience of a low-inertia grid.

scholarly journals Field Test of Wind Power Output Fluctuation Control Using an Energy Storage System on Jeju Island

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5760
Author(s):  
Sang Heon Chae ◽  
Chul Uoong Kang ◽  
Eel-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Jeju Island ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Output Stabilization

At present, renewable energy installations are expanding to solve both environmental problems and expensive energy fuel import prices in isolated areas. However, in a small-scale power system, rapid output fluctuations of renewable energy may cause power quality problems such as voltage and frequency fluctuations in the power system. To solve this problem, the local government of Jeju Island in South Korea implemented a megawatt (MW)-class pilot project to stabilize the output power of wind turbines using an energy storage system (ESS). In this project, a 0.5 MWh lithium-ion battery was connected to a 3 MW wind turbine via 1 MW power conversion system (PCS). In this paper, the field test results were divided into four categories as follows. First, the performance of stabilizing the output of the wind turbine using ESS was confirmed. Second, the control performance of the ESS was confirmed when the wind turbine suddenly stopped due to an accident. Third, it was confirmed that the ESS discharged energy into the power system after the stabilization of the wind turbine output. Fourth, the reasons for the failure of the ESS to control output stabilization of the wind turbine were analyzed through MATLAB simulation.

scholarly journals Integration of Photovoltaic Plants and Supercapacitors in Tramway Power Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Ciccarelli ◽  
Luigi Pio Di Noia ◽  
Renato Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Electric System ◽  
Supercapacitor Energy Storage ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

The growing interest in the use of energy storage systems to improve the performance of tramways has prompted the development of control techniques and optimal storage devices, displacement, and sizing to obtain the maximum profit and reduce the total installation cost. Recently, the rapid diffusion of renewable energy generation from photovoltaic panels has also created a large interest in coupling renewable energy and storage units. This study analyzed the integration of a photovoltaic power plant, supercapacitor energy storage system, and railway power system. Random optimization was used to verify the feasibility of this integration in a real tramway electric system operating in the city of Naples, and the benefits and total cost of this integration were evaluated.

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