scholarly journals Transnational Corporation’s Failure in China: Focus on Tesco

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7170
Author(s):  
Kim Woohyoung ◽  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Jinsoo Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Brand Recognition ◽  
Product Location

Many of the foreign companies operating in China have claimed that they have failed and are constantly deciding on a strategic withdrawal from the Chinese market. We intend to conduct an empirical analysis of Chinese consumers in order to determine the cause of Tesco’s management failure in China. The survey was conducted on those in their 20s or older who had experience shopping at both Tesco and RT-Mart. As a result, a total of 650 copies were distributed to obtain an effective sample of 607 copies, which was used for the analysis. This paper conducted a comparative analysis on Chinese consumers who visited both Tesco and its rival company RT-Mart in China. We found through comparative analysis that Tesco was destined to fail in many areas. It was estimated that RT-Mart was more satisfactory in all factors, including product, location, brand recognition, and employee service.

scholarly journals The Comparative Analysis Of Asking And Traded Price Indices In Different Floor Area Subsegments Of The Residential Property Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kokot ◽  
Marcin Bas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
Price Indices ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Property Price

Abstract There are several acknowledged methods for determining residential property price indices. However, all of them have their drawbacks and advantages and reflect the averaged real movements of prices with varying accuracy. The paper attempts to answer the question: How faithfully do indices based on asking prices reflect the movements of traded prices? As a result we will find out whether, in the situation when property price indices cannot be determined, asking price based indices can be used instead. The paper specifies theoretical and practical aspects of constructing residential property price indices on the basis of asking and traded prices. It also contains an empirical analysis of these two index types.

Comparative analysis of analog parameters signal multi-pliers by differential transistor pairs

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-41
Author(s):  
Aleksander Ulyashin ◽  
◽  
Aleksander Velichko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Internal Noise ◽  
Main Task ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Radio Equipment ◽  
Overload Capacity

This paper is devoted to the comparative analysis of modern integral variables. Today, a number of foreign companies, such as Texas Instruments and Analog Devices, produce analog signal multipliers (APS) in integrated design. Russian industry produces chips of the 525PS and 174HA series. Each manufacturer uses its own method of implementing the device. The main task of such devices is to calculate the current voltage, phase, exponential and transcendental functions. Wide applicability of APS in integrated design was found in devices for analog processing and conversion of signals of communication and radio equipment, in devices for automatic control of onboard and ground radio equipment. A very important characteristic of such equipment is the dynamic range. The dynamic range of the receiver is the range of input signal amplitudes that provide the required quality of reproduction of the received message. The lower limit of the dynamic range is determined by the level of internal noise or external interference in the device, and the upper limit is determined by the device's overload capacity. In this regard, manufacturers of multipliers are faced with the task of maximizing the voltage that can be applied to its inputs. The difficulty is that the upper limit of the dynamic range is set by non-linear distortions. The non-linearity of the multiplier is a component of the multiplication error and characterizes the limiting capabilities of the APS inputs. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the main types of integral multipliers offered on the market is carried out in order to identify the best construction method for achieving the value of the dynamic range of the multiplier in 90 dB with high multiplication accuracy, which will allow using such a multiplier in modern radio equipment.

The right of publicity in Chinese Law? A comment on the Michael Jeffrey Jordan case and comparative analysis with the US, UK, Germany, and the Asia Pacific

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-460
Author(s):  
Chenguo Zhang ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Right Of Publicity ◽  
Unfair Competition Law ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trademark Registration ◽  
The Right

In Michael Jeffery Jordan v Chinese Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, the Supreme People's Court (SPC) set a precedent for foreign companies and celebrities enforcing their rights of publicity against malicious trademark registration in China. This article introduces the legal grounds of the SPC's deliberations on Jordan's claims and responds to the critiques of most Chinese commentators in the field of civil law. Deeply influenced by German law, mainland China's legal system strictly distinguishes between personality rights and property rights. Comparative analysis with the US, Germany, Japan, and Hong Kong indicates that different legal civilizations have developed different approaches to position the right of publicity logically in their legal systems. The Jordan decision indicates that the ‘right of the name’ is a prior right provided in Article 32 of the Trademark Law of the PRC. This article contends that the ‘right of the name’ as provided in the Chinese Anti-Unfair Competition Law differs from the ‘right of the name’ articulated in Article 110 of the General Principles of Civil Law (2017). The former concerns the commercial interest and property aspects of a celebrity's name, which is fairly similar to the right of publicity, while the latter regards the personality right. The further development of the right of publicity protection relies in mainland China on a consistent judicial practice.

Consumatori cinesi e cibo: tra tradizione millenaria e influenze culturali occidentali

2012 ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Teresa Del Giudice ◽  
Francesco Caracciolo ◽  
Gianni Cicia ◽  
Klaus G. Grunert ◽  
Athanasios Krystallis
Keyword(s):  
Food Products ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Culinary Culture ◽  
Cultural Openness

China is one of the most dynamic economies of the planet. The dramatic economic development in recent decades has greatly influenced the structure and habits of Chinese society. This although still characterized by strong disparities between the poorer classes and the wealthy, shows a growing middle class and an increasingly high-income segment. These segments of society are, as expected, evolving from a cultural point of view beginning to incorporate into the ancient Chinese tradition elements of other cultures, most notably the Western one. As was the case for other new economies, especially the rich part of the population is showing an increasing inclination towards all aspects of Western culture. This opening is also affecting the food consumption habits, transforming the dynamic and vibrant Chinese market into a major destination for European food products. The following research by submitting a questionnaire to 500 Chinese consumers residents in metropolitan areas had a dual objective. The first involved the analysis of the propensity of consumers to enter into the ancient Chinese culinary culture food products from other countries. The second was represented by the attempt to segment consumers, depending on the degree of cultural openness towards non- Chinese food, using both socio-demographic and psychographic variables.

scholarly journals Main directions of the development of the risk management system in corporations

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 07012
Author(s):  
Natalia Rykhtikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Management System ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
General System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Risk Management System ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
High Level

Actuality and relevance of implementation of the risk management processes in the general system of management in organizations are justified in this article. Three major issues can be pointed out as referred to the implementation of the risk management system in modern organizations, such as 1) a high level of costs combined with relatively long payback period; 2) lack of the universal approach to the implementation of the risk management procedures; and 3) difficulties in identification of perspective directions of the systems under consideration. The basic directions of development of the risk management systems in the corporate structures are defined based on the results of comparative analysis of the experience of Russian and foreign companies. The activity in the field of risk management of such corporations as “Rusgidro”, “NMLK”, the Investment Company “RUSS-INVEST”, “Severstal”, “Gazpromneft”, “Metalloinvest”, “Philips”, “Nestlé”, and “Unilever” became the object of our research. Comparative analysis of practices of implementation of the risk management system has been performed based on the following criteria: organizational structure of management, register and prioritization of risks, structure and methods of risk management, and effectiveness of the risk management systems. The results of the study allowed identifying the following basic directions of development of the risk management systems in the corporations: amending register of prioritization of risks; increasing level of integration of the risk management procedures into the basic business processes of the corporations; expanding of use of the external assessments, credit rankings, etc. in the framework of implementation of the risk management procedures; increasing level of unification of methods of risk assessment and management that finally would be a prerequisite for improving effectiveness of the risk management systems in organizations.

The interaction effect of placement characteristics and emotional experiences on consumers’ brand recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1269-1285
Author(s):  
Sigen Song ◽  
Fanny Fong Yee Chan ◽  
Yanlin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Product Placement ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotional Process ◽  
Brand Recognition

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interaction effect of placement characteristics and emotional experiences on consumers’ recognition of placed brands. Brand recognition is a fundamental step in the consumer’s decision-making journey. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a research model based on emotional process theory and cognitive capacity theory incorporating placement characteristics, emotional experiences and brand recognition. An experimental study of 110 young Chinese consumers was conducted to test the research model. Findings The findings indicated that all three placement characteristics (prominence, serial positions and plot connection) had significant effects on brand recognition, as suggested in previous research. The effect of emotional experiences on brand recognition was comparatively less prominent. Placement characteristics and emotional experiences also interacted to influence the recognition of placed brands. Originality/value This study shows the role of emotional experiences and their interaction with placement characteristics on brand recognition, which has yet to be examined. The conceptual model contributes to the product placement literature by suggesting that both cognitive and emotional processing are important for brand recognition. The findings provide useful insights for marketers in designing effective product placement strategies.

scholarly journals Constructing freshness: the vitality of wet markets in urban China

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuru Zhong ◽  
Mike Crang ◽  
Guojun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Wet Market

Abstract Wet markets, a ‘traditional’ form of food retail, have maintained their popularity in urban China despite the rapid expansion of ‘modern’ supermarket chains. Their continued popularity rests in the freshness of their food. Chinese consumers regard freshness as the most important aspect of food they buy, but what constitutes ‘freshness’ in produce is not simply a given. Freshness is actively produced by a range of actors including wholesalers, vendors as well as consumers. The paper examines what fresh food means to consumers in the Chinese market. It argues that wet markets create a sense of freshness that resonates with this culinary culture through their sensoria, atmosphere, and trust between food vendors and consumers. Together these respond to desires for and reproduce criteria used to evaluate freshness. Within a fragmented food trade system, wet market vendors have an advantage in offering ‘freshness’ through their ability to connect various wholesalers, agencies, and middlemen, and shorten supply chains. The paper is based on participatory observation, a consumer survey and in-depth interviews of various stakeholders in southern China, especially Sanya in Hainan and Guangzhou in Guangdong. This study suggests that this cultural construction of freshness creates a niche for small-scale players and ‘traditional’ markets in an increasingly concentrated global food system.

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