scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Air Quality Sensors, Guidelines, and Measurement Studies for Indoor Air Quality Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9045 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zhang ◽  
Ravi Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines ◽  
Ambient Air Quality Standards

The existence of indoor air pollutants—such as ozone, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and total volatile organic compounds—is evidently a critical issue for human health. Over the past decade, various international agencies have continually refined and updated the quantitative air quality guidelines and standards in order to meet the requirements for indoor air quality management. This paper first provides a systematic review of the existing air quality guidelines and standards implemented by different agencies, which include the Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS); the World Health Organization (WHO); the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA); the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH); the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE); the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); and the California ambient air quality standards (CAAQS). It then adds to this by providing a state-of-art review of the existing low-cost air quality sensor (LCAQS) technologies, and analyzes the corresponding specifications, such as the typical detection range, measurement tolerance or repeatability, data resolution, response time, supply current, and market price. Finally, it briefly reviews a sequence (array) of field measurement studies, which focuses on the technical measurement characteristics and their data analysis approaches.

NATO's Efforts to Set Indoor Air Quality Guidelines and Standards

AIHAJ ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Maroni ◽  
Robert Axelrad ◽  
Alessandro Bacaloni
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

Performance of Home-Scale Incinerator in Releasing NOx and Hydrocarbon Gaseous

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
M.M. Taha ◽  
Nona Merry M. Mitan ◽  
Juffrizal Karjanto ◽  
M.Y. Nidzamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Yard Waste ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

Treatment of municipal solid waste has been performed by home-scale incinerator (HSI) to identify the gas emission formation and to evaluate the safety level of gases from home scale incinerator (HSI). Incineration of kitchen waste, disposable diapers and yard waste were performed with 1.5 kg for different time of combustion and observed every 5 minutes. These three wastes emitted at different value of NOx due to the composition of waste. The highest value of NOx obtained from kitchen waste was 23 ppm after 25 minutes, disposable diapers was 40 ppm after 20 minutes and yard waste was 56 ppm after 15 minutes. According to Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines, the emitted NOx gas from HSI meet the requirement while HC did not meet the requirement.

NATOʼs Efforts to Set Indoor Air Quality Guidelines and Standards

AIHAJ ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-508
Author(s):  
Marco Maroni ◽  
Robert Axelrad ◽  
Alessandro Bacaloni
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

scholarly journals Opinion: Insights into updating Ambient Air Quality Directive (2008/50EC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Kuula ◽  
Hilkka Timonen ◽  
Jarkko V. Niemi ◽  
Hanna Manninen ◽  
Topi Rönkkö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

Abstract. As the evidence for the adverse health effects of air pollution continues to increase, World Health Organization (WHO) recently published its latest edition of the Global Air Quality Guidelines. Although not legally binding, the guidelines aim to provide a framework in which policymakers can combat air pollution by formulating evidence-based air quality management strategies. In the light of this, European Union has stated its intent to revise the current Ambient Air Quality Directive (2008/50/EC) to resemble closer to that of the newly published WHO guidelines. This article provides an informed opinion on selected features of the air quality directive that we believe would benefit from a reassessment. The selected features include discussion about 1) air quality sensors as a part of hierarchical observation network, 2) number of minimum sampling points and their siting criteria, and 3) new target air pollution parameters for future consideration.

A Simple Tiered Methodology for the Determination of Ambient Air Quality Guidelines

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Pirard ◽  
Jean-Marc Brouhon ◽  
Annick Fourmeaux ◽  
Corinne Charlier
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

Ambient Air Quality in the Vicinity of a Herder Mediated In-Situ Burn Field Test in Alaska

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2017149
Author(s):  
Patrik Sartz ◽  
Srijan Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Smoke Plume ◽  
Safety And Health

In-situ burning (ISB) is an efficient and important response tool in a wide range of conditions from open water and very open drift ice (herders) to consolidated ice (self-contained). Herding agents provide a means to thicken and then burn uncontained slicks that would otherwise be too thin to ignite. In this project we assessed the impacts on ambient air quality in the vicinity of the location following ISB tests on crude oil herded and ignited from the air in a large purpose built test pond outside of Fairbanks Alaska. We measured downwind and in-the-smoke-plume, concentrations of respirable particulate matter sizes (PM2.5) and seven different combustion gases (CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, & VOCs) during five ISB tests, with sampling instruments placed 6–12 m away from the source area. It was also investigated if the herding agent was detectable in the air borne plume. Although in this study we did not use instrument and methods specifically approved by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), to provide a context the study results were compared with exposure limits provided by these agencies. From our results downwind, in the smoke plume, concentrations of particulate matter and SO2 were found to significantly exceed (P <0.01) NIOSH and OSHA exposure limits, while the remaining compounds measured were significantly below (P <0.01) established NIOSH and OSHA exposure limits. In addition, GC/MS Analysis of aerosol samples collected utilizing a flow meter and carbon sorbent tubes in the smoke plume, the silicone based functional group of the applied OP-40 herding agent was not detected in the collected samples. The concentrations measured in this study in the vicinity of the ISB site, lasted for less than ten minutes, before drifting downwind and becoming greatly diluted. These results provide information which might be helpful towards developing guidelines for worker safety in spill response situations.

An indoor air quality and thermal comfort appraisal in a retrofitted university building via low-cost smart sensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110157
Author(s):  
Loubna Qabbal ◽  
Zohir Younsi ◽  
Hassane Naji
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Air Quality Guidelines

Occupant health can be strongly influenced by indoor air quality due to time spent indoors (90%). Such quality can be impacted by indoor atmospheric pollutants present. Therefore, demand-controlled ventilation can be a key to improving indoor air quality. The main aim herein is to scrutinize measurement results of several air pollutants possibly existing inside university building including CO2, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, benzene, CO, PM2.5 during three measurement campaigns (March 2017, May 2017 and October–November 2017) via a smart sensor specially developed. Likewise, some factors to assess comfort such as relative humidity and ambient air temperature were examined. CO2 were found to be higher during periods of occupancy with concentrations exceeding 2000 ppm during the first campaign. As a result, the occupants felt uncomfortable. Analysis of the survey results regarding the indoor air temperature showed that 80% of occupants found the temperature during school periods to be uncomfortable. In addition, the ‘ICONE’ air containment index was extremely high, indicating that the deemed class was confined during occupancy. The outcomes will be useful for the development of future indoor air quality guidelines, ventilation design and occupant satisfaction in buildings.

Application of Electron Optics to Characterization of Particulate Pollutants

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran ◽  
J. L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Fuel Additives ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Air Quality Standards ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Stationary Sources ◽  
Ambient Air Quality Standards

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 provide the basis for a dramatic change in Federal air quality programs. The Act establishes new standards for motor vehicles and requires EPA to establish national ambient air quality standards, standards of performance for new stationary sources of pollution, and standards for stationary sources emitting hazardous substances. Further, it establishes procedures which allow states to set emission standards for existing sources in order to achieve national ambient air quality standards. The Act also permits the Administrator of EPA to register fuels and fuel additives and to regulate the use of motor vehicle fuels or fuel additives which pose a hazard to public health or welfare.National air quality standards for particulate matter have been established. Asbestos, mercury, and beryllium have been designated as hazardous air pollutants for which Federal emission standards have been proposed.

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