scholarly journals Determining the Impact of High Residential Density on Indoor Environment, Energy Use, and Moisture Loads in Swedish Apartments-and Measures for Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5446
Author(s):  
Akram Abdul Hamid ◽  
Jenny von Platten ◽  
Kristina Mjörnell ◽  
Dennis Johansson ◽  
Hans Bagge
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Demand Controlled Ventilation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moisture Buffering

Recently, there has been an increase in apartments with a large number of inhabitants, i.e., high residential density. This is partly due to a housing shortage in general but also increased migration, particularly in suburbs of major cities. This paper specifies issues that might be caused by high residential density by investigating the technical parameters influenced in Swedish apartments that are likely to have high residential density. Interviews with 11 employees at housing companies were conducted to identify issues that might be caused by high residential density. Furthermore, simulations were conducted based on extreme conditions described in the interviews to determine the impact on the energy use, indoor environmental quality, and moisture loads. In addition, the impact of measures to mitigate the identified issues was determined. Measures such as demand-controlled ventilation, increase of a constant ventilation rate, and moisture buffering are shown to reduce the risk for thermal discomfort, mold growth, and diminished indoor air quality; while still achieving a lower energy use than in a normally occupied apartment. The results of this study can be used by authorities to formulate incentives and/or recommendations for housing owners to implement measures to ensure good indoor environmental quality for all, irrespective of residential density conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of high residential density on the building technology, HVAC systems, and indoor environment in Swedish apartments

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 09003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Abdul Hamid ◽  
Jenny von Platten ◽  
Kristina Mjörnell ◽  
Dennis Johansson ◽  
Hans Bagge
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Hvac Systems ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Housing Shortage ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Combat Problems

During the last few years, there has been an increased number of overcrowded apartments, due to increased migration but also housing shortage in general, particularly in the suburbs to major cities. The question is how the indoor environment in these apartments is affected by the high number of persons and how the problems related to high residential density can be overcome. This paper aims to specify the problem by investigating and analysing the technical parameters influenced by residential density in Swedish apartments built between 1965-1974. To map the situation, 11 interviews with employees at housing companies were conducted. Based on extreme conditions described in the interviews, simulations of the indoor climate and moisture risks at some vulnerable parts of constructions were made. Simulations were focused on moisture loads and CO2 concentrations as functions of residential density and ventilation rate. Finally, measures to combat problems associated to overcrowding are suggested. The aim is that the results should be used by authorities to formulate incentives and/or recommendations for housing companies to take actions to ensure a good indoor environment for all, irrespective of residential density conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Typical Faults Occurring in Demand-controlled Ventilation on Energy and Indoor Environment in a Nordic Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 09006
Author(s):  
Kamilla Heimar Andersen ◽  
Sverre B. Holøs ◽  
Aileen Yang ◽  
Kari Thunshelle ◽  
Øystein Fjellheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Local Approach ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Building Performance Simulation ◽  
Controlled Ventilation ◽  
Demand Controlled Ventilation ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluates typical faults occurring in demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) system and the impact on three output results: energy use, thermal comfort, and indoor air quality. The methodologies used in this study were qualitative interviews of selected Norwegian Heating Ventilation Air Condition (HVAC) system experts and numerical modeling using the building performance simulation tool IDA ICE. The faults deduced from the qualitative interviews were modeled as the fault's different consequences to account for a large variety of faults. With a Norwegian school classroom as a case study, a local approach applying a one-at-a-time (OAT) simulation was used to perform an analysis of the extreme fault conditions that can occur. The results from the fault modeling demonstrated that greater attention is needed to avoid faults in the HVAC systems due to its impact on the indoor environment quality and energy efficiency of buildings.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment and Indoor Environmental Quality of Wooden Family Houses

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10557
Author(s):  
Silvia Vilčeková ◽  
Katarína Harčárová ◽  
Andrea Moňoková ◽  
Eva Krídlová Burdová
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes in detail the impact of wooden houses on the environment using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and at the same time evaluates the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in these houses. The investigated detached family houses had a wooden structure. The first one had a bearing system made of a wooden frame; other materials were conventional. The second house was built entirely of log wood. Given the high risk of greenhouse gas emissions, the concentration of which in the atmosphere is causing global climate change, the global warming potential (GWP) indicator is crucial. According to results, the family house built entirely of wood and with a biomass boiler significantly reduces CO2 emissions and is therefore considered from the LCA point of view as a more suitable alternative compared to a house with a wooden frame structure. The building materials with the highest share involved in the creation of GWP include concrete structures (38–48%), ceramic roof tiles (33%) and plasterboard (15%). Plasterboard cladding (55%), concrete structures (17–19%), oriented strand board OSB (9–22%), impregnated wooden structures (31–52%) and plastic windows (9%) are the most involved in acidification potential (AP) and eutrophication potential (EP). Plasterboard structures (21%), impregnated wood materials (47.4%), reinforced concrete structures (12%) and mineral wool and roof tiles significantly contribute to the creation of photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP). The indoor environmental quality was evaluated through short-term measurements of basic physico-chemical parameters. Since both houses have different characteristics, the aim of this monitoring was to evaluate the actual state of IEQ in selected wooden houses under real conditions. Based on the recorded results, it can be stated that neither presented wooden house, in terms of thermal-humidity microclimate, concentration of CO2 and particulate matter, represents an environment with a negative impact on their occupants. With regards to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the increased concentrations of xylenes and tetrachlorethylene in the log house were probably caused by the application of impregnation and protective coatings six months before monitoring. In this case, the concentration of tetrachloroethene, which is considered a potential carcinogen, was six times higher than the legislative limit. For VOCs, such as limonene, isobutylene and n-butylacetate, which were found in the wooden frame house, no limits are set. The legislative limits for xylenes and tetrachlorethylene in this house have not been exceeded, and therefore the IEQ cannot yet be considered harmful for health. The presence of all the mentioned VOCs in the interior air of the wooden frame house is more related to the activities of occupants, as this house has been inhabited for several years.

The impact of workspace location and indoor environmental quality on employees' satisfaction within office buildings: A case study in Cairo

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2094456
Author(s):  
Ahmed Khaled Aboulfotouh ◽  
Osama Tolba ◽  
Sherif Ezzeldin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction ◽  
Employees Satisfaction ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
The Impact

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) could influences employees' satisfaction and performance in office buildings. Previous research have suggested that factors such as gender, age, proximity from a window could influence employees' perceived satisfaction with IEQ. This study as a part of an ongoing research attempts to investigate the impact of workspace location on employees' satisfaction with IEQ parameters and overall satisfaction with personal workspace within office buildings in Cairo. Employees' subjective evaluation of satisfaction with IEQ parameters were collected using a questionnaire as a post occupancy evaluation survey. Responses were collected and quantitatively analysed using software package used for statistical analysis (SPSS). Diversity in levels of satisfaction among employees within the same building was found highly sensitive to their workspace location. Building orientation and external views could influence employees' satisfaction with IEQ parameters and overall satisfaction with personal workspace. Employees with highest perceived satisfaction with IEQ parameters and overall satisfaction with personal workspace seem to prefer their workspaces to be located on the ground floor, away from a window, either in the middle of the building or on the southern façade and not overlooking the courtyard. The study recommends that Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification criteria should reconsider employees' satisfaction with IEQ parameters in developing IEQ credits and LEED certification process.

scholarly journals Study of impact of increased number of devotees on indoor environmental quality of heritage temples of goddess Mahalaxmi at Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Anjali Jadhav ◽  
Sushma Kulkarni ◽  
Ashish Rege
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Temple

India has a great cultural heritage of temples across the country. There is a wide variety of temples of variety of deities constructed from East to West and North to South of India. Most of the temples are built centuries ago and still are in good condition and the centre of cultural activities. Mahalaxmi temple precinct is a very old precinct in Kolhapur, built in 8th century by Chalukyan rulers. Every year lacs of devotees are visiting this temple of goddess Mahalaxmi from most of the part of India. The temple is constructed of basalt stone with beautiful intricate carving on it. This paper focus on indoor environmental quality of the temple which is deteriorated due to the impact of increased number of devotees. Some of the devotees face the problem of suffocation, fatigue, fainting, irritation, nasal congestion; as provision of vents are absent and natural ventilation is not available inside the shrine of goddess Mahalaxmi. Due to lack of air exchange and natural ventilation the indoor environmental quality is deteriorated. It is observed that the CO2 level is increased, decreased in O2 level, rise in temperature and humidity above the standard level causing discomfort.

Impacts of Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Elements on Residential Property Market: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmma’ Che Kasim ◽  
Megat Mohd Ghazali Megat Abdul Rahman ◽  
Maryanti Mohd Raid
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Property Price ◽  
The Impact

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is among six criteria of Green Building Index (GBI) that need to be achieved by building owner in order to recognize their building as ‘green’ in Malaysia. The benefit of IEQ is to create conducive environment for human health. Besides influenced their overall image, leasing and resale value of the buildings, does indoor environmental quality (IEQ) features will give impact on real estate market in terms of price and rental particularly for residential building property? Therefore, this paper will review the broad literature regarding the impacts of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) for residential building property and its implication to towards property price and rental. The early hypothesis of this paper anticipates that indoor environmental quality (IEQ) features will indirectly increase residential property market price and rental. From this paper, it is hope that the positive impacts of these features will encourage building owners, developers and other main development actors to put these criteria into the same consideration as other criteria in GBI as one of the way to compensate the impact of the building towards economic, environment and social.

scholarly journals The Framework Model for the Implementation of Collaborative and Interactive Learning in the University Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alhaji Mohammed ◽  
Adel A. Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Technology ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Interactive Learning ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Student Learning Outcome ◽  
Framework Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Today, colleges and universities recognize that, to employ and retain good students and highest level of academic  staffing for the best student comprehension, the provision of contemporary and highly equipped instructional facilities is essential. This paper discusses the impact of the indoor environmental quality; the instructional technology; the physical set up of the university classroom; and the emerging teaching/learning pedagogies on students' performance. It is established that, these four factors have a significant effects on student learning outcome. The study also presents a comprehensive and critical review of literature on the nature of the university classroom for collaboraive and interactive learning, with the aim of providing an enabling environment of higher learning in the universities. The research suggests that improving the three influential components i.e. the indoor environmental quality, the instructional technology and the physical set up will help in enhancing student performance and productivity. The study concluded by establishing a systematic framework model for the implementation of the collaboraive and interactive learning in the university classroom.

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