scholarly journals Efficiency of Natural Clay Mineral Adsorbent Filtration Systems in Wastewater Treatment for Potential Irrigation Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5738
Author(s):  
ElSayed ElBastamy ◽  
Lubna A. Ibrahim ◽  
Atef Ghandour ◽  
Martina Zelenakova ◽  
Zuzana Vranayova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Treated Effluent

This project investigated the relative efficiencies of three pilot-scale constructed columns for enhancing drainage wastewater treatment processes to ensure compliance with Egyptian and international water quality criteria. In this investigation, basic materials (sand and gravel) and variable natural clay minerals zeolite (Z), diatomite (D) and bentonite (B) were utilized as packing materials to build up a Z column (ZC), D column (DC) and B column (BC), respectively. The three columns’ ability to remove pollutants from waste water for re-use in irrigation was investigated throughout one year (12 trials). The results revealed that the influent water had 211 mg/L total suspended solids, 6.09 mg/L total nitrogen, 36.67 mg/L biochemical oxygen demand, 56 mg/L chemical oxygen demand, 1700 mg/L total dissolved solids, 0.97 mg/L copper (Cu2+), 1.12 mg/L iron (Fe2+), 1.07 mg/L manganese (Mn2+), 1.02 mg/L lead (Pb2+), 1.05 mg/L zinc (Zn2+), and 46 × 103 CFU/mL fecal coliforms. These parameters were higher than the values permitted by Egyptian and international licenses. The range of removal efficiency of these pollutants by ZC was 96–21%, by BC was 99–29.8%, and by DC was 99–19.80%. Regeneration studies for the spent adsorbents demonstrated that the percentages of pollutant removal were sufficiently high. The treated effluent produced by the three columns was suitable for irrigation purposes, especially at a contact time of four hours, with the order for column treatment efficiency being BC ˃ DC ˃ ZC. Treated water was classified for irrigation suitability according to the Agrifood Water Quality Index (AFWQI) as marginal from the ZC, very good from the DC, and excellent from the BC. Treatment of such drainage water using the BC and DC appears feasible, because the process is easily operated and leads to final treated effluent of high quality for agricultural uses. The economic cost also confirms the feasibility of this treatment.

scholarly journals ASSESSING SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN FRESHWATER RESERVOIRS IN AN GIANG PROVINCE, VIET NAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Giao Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Group Water

Water quality is critical for a healthy ecosystem, this study was conducted to evaluate the surface water quality in lakes in An Giang Province from 2017 to 2019. Water quality was assessed using variables of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO3- - N), phosphate (PO3 4- - P ), ammonia (NH+ 4 - N), and coliforms at nine locationsbelonging to seven reservoirs including O Tuk Sa, Thuy Liem, Soai So, Soai Chek, O Thum, O Ta Soc, and Bung Binh Thien. Water quality criteria were assessed according to the National Technical Regulation on Surface Water Quality (QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT). Cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA)were applied to group water quality to identify the main parameters affecting water quality in the reservoirs. The findings indicated that the water quality in the reservoirs were polluted by TSS, organic matters (DO was low, while COD and BOD were high), and microorganisms (coliforms). The PCA analysis showed that the watervariables including temperature, pH, DO, TSS, COD, BOD, NO3- - N, PO3 4- - P , NO3- - N, and coliforms significantly influenced the surface of the water in the reservoirs. It is necessary to investigate pollution sources to propose appropriate solutions to treat and maintain the water quality in the reservoirs of An Giang Province .

scholarly journals Setting water quality criteria for agricultural water reuse purposes

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Müller ◽  
P. Cornel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation is practiced worldwide and will increase in the future. The definition of water quality limits is a useful instrument for the assessment of water quality regarding its suitability for irrigation purposes and the performance of wastewater treatment steps. This study elaborates water quality objectives for a water reuse project in a setting where national guidelines do not exist. Internationally established guidelines are therefore applied to the local context. Additional limits for turbidity, total suspended solids, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and potassium are suggested to meet the requirements of water reuse projects. Emphasis is put on water quality requirements prior to UV disinfection and nutrient requirements of cultivated crops. The presented values can be of assistance when monitoring reclaimed water quality. To facilitate the realization of water reuse projects, comprehensive and more detailed information, in particular on water quality requirements prior to disinfection steps, should be provided as well as regarding the protection of the irrigation infrastructure.

Volume Analysis for Attainability of Water Quality Criteria for Three Loading Constituents

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Lewis Linker ◽  
James Collier ◽  
Gary Shenk ◽  
Robert Koroncai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Volume Analysis

Developing Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Mercury: A Probabilistic Site-Specific Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (0) ◽  
pp. 9781780404028-9781780404028
Author(s):  
D. R. J. Moore ◽  
A. Pawlisz ◽  
R. Scott Teed
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Specific Approach

scholarly journals Geochemical and biological controls on the ecological relevance of total, dissolved, and colloidal forms of trace elements in large boreal rivers: review and case studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-163
Author(s):  
C.W. Cuss ◽  
C.N. Glover ◽  
M.B. Javed ◽  
A. Nagel ◽  
W. Shotyk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Athabasca River ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Boreal Rivers

The concentrations of trace elements (TEs) in large boreal rivers can fluctuate markedly due to changing water levels and flow rates associated with spring melt and variable contributions from tributaries and groundwaters, themselves having different compositions. These fluctuating and frequently high concentrations create regulatory challenges for protecting aquatic life. For example, water quality criteria do not account for changes in flow regimes that can result in TE levels that may exceed regulatory limits, and neither do they account for the markedly different lability and bioaccessibility of suspended solids. This review addresses the geochemical and biological processes that govern the lability and bioaccessibility of TEs in boreal rivers, with an emphasis on the challenges posed by the colloidal behaviour of many TEs, and their relationship to the dissolved fraction (i.e., <0.45 μm in size). After reviewing the processes and dynamics that give rise to the forms and behaviour of TEs in large boreal rivers, their relevance for aquatic organisms and the associated relationships between size and lability and bioaccessibility are discussed. The importance of biological variables and different forms of TEs for limiting lability and bioaccessibility are also addressed. Two case studies emphasize seasonal fluctuations and accompanying changes in the distribution of TE amongst different size fractions and associated colloidal species in large boreal rivers: the Northern Dvina and one of its tributaries, the Pinega River, both in Russia, and the Athabasca River in Alberta, Canada. Water quality in the Athabasca River is briefly discussed with respect to Canadian guidelines.

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