scholarly journals Exploring Fruit Tree Species as Multifunctional Greenery: A Case of Its Distribution in Indonesian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7835
Author(s):  
Edi Santosa ◽  
Anas Dinurrohman Susila ◽  
Winarso Drajad Widodo ◽  
Nizar Nasrullah ◽  
Ismi Puji Ruwaida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Tree Distribution ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
New City

Planting multifunctional trees (e.g., fruit species) in cities can promote genetic conservation, economic activity, ecosystem services, and social cohesion. However, in Indonesia, the relationship between the abundance of fruit tree species and different city characteristics, including their involvement in the national smart city project, is still unknown. In this study, published reports and field surveys were used to evaluate the fruit tree distribution and its relationship with the characteristics of 224 of 514 Indonesian cities in order to identify tree species for multifunctional city greenery. This is the first study on the distribution of fruit tree species at the national level. The study identified 151 fruit species of 90 genera and 40 families, including large-sized fruits, such as avocados, breadfruit, coconuts, durians, jackfruit, and mangos. On average, cities contained 54 tree species, of which 21 (38.9%) were fruit trees. These findings indicate that cities are important contributors to the genetic conservation of local fruit trees, which can be further evaluated as new city greenery. However, a city’s involvement in the smart city project bore no relationship (p > 0.05) with the number of identified fruit species. Conversely, non-fruit species tended to be more diverse in smart cities. Since the presence of fruit species is associated with the city population, geographic position, climate, altitude, and attitude towards the fragility of sustainable conservation, introducing and maintaining these species as city greenery requires advocacy to city stakeholders.

Apple SSRs present in coding and noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags show differences in transferability to other fruit species in Rosaceae

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Schuyler S. Korban ◽  
Yuepeng Han
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Noncoding Regions ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Simple Sequence

Zhou, Y., Li, J., Korban, S. S. and Han, Y. 2013. Apple SSRs present in coding and noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags show differences in transferability to other fruit species in Rosaceae. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 183–190. Simple sequence repeat markers derived from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are referred to as eSSRs. To develop molecular markers for non-model plants in Rosaceae, we investigated the transferability of apple eSSRs across seven fruit trees, belonging to four genera and 11 species of the Rosaceae family, including peach, quince, pear, loquat, apricot, cherry, and plum. Of the 98 apple eSSRs tested, 86 successfully amplified PCR products in at least one of the fruit tree species. Five apple eSSRs produced amplicons in more than five fruit tree species, and were deemed as a widely transferable Rosaceae marker set. Frequency of transferability of apple eSSRs across all seven fruit trees of Rosaceae varied widely among genera and species, with an average transferability of 29.0%. Overall, apple eSSRs transferred more easily to peach and pear than to plum and loquat. Interestingly, apple eSSRs present in coding sequences (CDS) showed higher levels of transferability to other fruit trees than those present in noncoding or untranslated regions (UTRs). Interestingly, apple eSSRs present in 5'UTRs showed lower frequencies of transfer than those present in 3'UTRs. The latter finding suggested that 5'UTRs might have diverged more rapidly than 3'UTRs in Rosaceae.

scholarly journals The effect of the limitation of insect pollination period on the fruit set and yield of temperate-zone fruit tree species

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
Z. Erdős ◽  
I. Skola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Compatible Pollen ◽  
Bee Colonies

The duration of effective bee pollination period was limited by caging flowering branches for shorter or longer time in blooming fruit trees in a number of experiments during the past decades. In the case of self-sterile fruit species and cultivars (apples, pears, quinces, some plums, some sour cherries) even partial limitation of the effective duration of bee pollination period significantly reduced the fruit set and the yield. In the case of self-fertile apricots the effect of the total and also the influence of partial limitation of bee pollination period was the same as in the case of the mentioned self-sterile fruits. On the other hand, in the case of another self-fertile fruits (some plums, some sour cherries), the effect of partial limitation of bee pollination period was usually small, but complete (or incomplete but strong) limitation of be pollination usually resulted in a strong reduction of yield. This means that not only self-sterile but also self-fertile fruits clearly depend on insect (bee) pollination. This is because pollen dehiscence of anthers and the receptive period of stigmas do not overlap in time within the individual flowers. Stigmas in self-fertile trees, therefore, need pollen carried by bees from another flowers of the same tree (or compatible pollen from another trees). Accordingly, additional bee pollination (moving bee colonies to the orchards in flower) is needed to all kinds of temperate-zone fruit tree species when bee visitation of plantations is not abundant enough for some reasons.

scholarly journals GROWTH OF DIFFERENT FRUIT TREE SPECIES IN SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT PHASE

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINA DELLA GIUSTINA ◽  
ROBERTA APARECIDA CARNEVALLI ◽  
MARCELO RIBEIRO ROMANO ◽  
DIEGO BARBOSA ALVES ANTONIO ◽  
CAMILA ECKSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Plant Accumulation ◽  
Establishment Phase

ABSTRACT The benefits of integrating agricultural components into silvopastoral systems are widely known, but the limited knowledge about ecological processes in the establishment phase impedes the use of this technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate interactions between fruit tree species and the sward layer under canopies of trees in the establishment phase of silvopastoral systems in Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experiment was implemented in October 2013, with an evaluation period from January to July 2015. The systems were composed of eight fruit trees intercropped with Tifton 85 grass. A completely randomized block design was adopted, with two replications per area per treatment. We evaluated the agronomic performance of the fruit trees, the categories of the light environment, and the plant accumulation under the canopies. The acerola fruit trees of the variety Roxinha had higher Leaf area index (LAI) and Light interception (LI) values, showing a denser canopy with small porosity and the lowest light quality available to the plants beneath the canopy (lower red/far-red ratio), thereby decreasing plant accumulation under trees. The guava fruit trees showed higher growth rates than the other fruit trees, but lower LAI and LI values and a higher red/far-red ratio, allowing higher plant growth under the canopy. Cajá trees showed a similar behavior; however, this species is deciduous, which limits its potential use in integrated systems. Banana and coconut trees were highly dependent on irrigation during the dry season. The remaining species showed an adequate growth and potential to control plant species growth under their canopies.

scholarly journals The effect of spring frosts on the nectar production and the bee visitation of fruit trees

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
I. Amtmann ◽  
F. Bakcsa ◽  
J. Iváncsics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Spring Frosts

Fruit tree species suffered very strong spring frosts in 1997 in Hungary. This caused partial or total damages at buds and flowers depending on site and time of blooming. It was demonstrated at a number of experiments that frost and cold weather also strongly affected the nectar production of surviving flowers. No or very little amount of nectar was measured in flowers first of all of early blooming fruit tree species (apricot) but also of pear and apple in some places. In spite of this fact intensive honeybee visitation was detected in the flowers of fruit trees that suffered partial frost damage only at those sites where honeybee colonies were placed in or at the experimental plantations and the lack of sufficient amount of nectar did not affected bee behaviour seriously on fruit flowers. This means that bad nectar production failed to affect bee visitation of fruit trees definitely. The reason for this was the fact that not only fruit trees but another early bee plants (wild plants, too) suffered frost damage. Accordingly, in lack of forage bees intensively searched for food at blooming fruit trees with some living flowers. Consequently, there was an acceptable yield at those plantations where bud and flower damage was not complete. Accordingly, intensive bee visitation (that is moving additional bee colonies to overpopulate fruit orchards with honeybees) can be an effective tool to decrease or eliminate the detrimental effect of spring frost on the yield of fruit trees where bud or fruit damage is not too high.  

scholarly journals Diversity Of Fruit And Timber Tree Species In The Coastal Homesteads Of Southern Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
SK. Ahiul Islam ◽  
Md. Abdul Quddus Miah ◽  
Md. Ahsan Habib
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Betel Nut ◽  
Timber Tree

In a study conducted in three southern districts (Bhola, Borguna and Patuakhali) of Bangladesh, a total of 69 tree species was recorded from the homegardens, of which 32 were fruit tree and 37 were timber tree species. Among the fruit tree species, coconut, betel nut, mango, jackfruit, guava, velvety apple were found in more than 80% households. The stocking of fruit trees per homestead was found highest for betel nut (265) followed by velvety apple (212), mango (38) coconut (25), jackfruit (20) and guava (9). Among the timber tree species, rain tree, mehogoni, raj koroi were most prevalent and found in more than 65% homesteads. The stocking of timber trees/ homestead was found highest for mehogoni (79) and then for rain tree (57), raj koroi (29) and katbadam (6). J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 83-94, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i1.16037

scholarly journals A Fruit Tree as an Identification Element of Ornamental Gardens Shaping in Croatia- Istria Ornamental Gardens Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Alka TURALIJA ◽  
Anica PERKOVIC ◽  
Jasenka VIZENTANER ◽  
Jasna AVDIC ◽  
Vladimir JUKIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Primary Determinant

A fruit tree has always been a determinant of an ornamental garden shaping in Croatia. From the 13th century onward an organized planting of fruit trees has been recorded. A total of 100 gardens in Istria have been analyzed , 50 of which were examined in the Istria interior, and 50 in the coastal area. Due to the shape and architectural style, 8 different types of gardens were determined and classified, by the location,  into three climatic-relief areas A, B and C. There were 7 types of ornamental gardens with a  fruit tree as a primary determinant of the garden, except one without it. Out of the 23 recorded fruit species, cherry, figs, grapes and olives have been mostly common  in the Istria interior whereas olives, Nespoli, figs and grapes have been known in the Istria coast.

scholarly journals Comparison of honeybee behaviour in blooming fruit plantations

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
C. Konrád-Németh
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Fruit Plantations

Field observations were made on the fl ower visiting behaviour of honeybee foragers in commercial fruit plantations of apricot, Japanese plums, sour cherry, apple and pear. The number of inspected cultivars was 18. The intensity of fl ower visiting by honey bees was markedly different when data of different fruit species are compared. Most intense bee activity was registered on the Japanese plums, somewhat less on apricots, the intensity diminished signifi cantly with apples and pears. Our data presented on the honeybee visitation of Japanese plums can be regarded as new fi nding because no information has been available so far on the relative attractiveness of this fruit species compared to European fruit tree species. Japanese plums were somewhat more attractive to honeybees than apricot and much more attractive than sour cherry, apple and pear. The behaviour of honeybees as visiting the blooming trees displayed specifi c differences according to the fruit species (apricot, sour cherry, pear), which coincide largely with earlier results. It is notable that the fl ower visiting behaviour of honeybees on Japanese plums has been found to be fairly similar to the same on European plums.

scholarly journals A SYNOPSIS OF ROMANIA’S SMART CITIES INNITIATIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (30 (1)) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Darie Gavrilut ◽  
Diana Teodora Trip ◽  
Carmen Florina Fagadar ◽  
Daniel Badulescu
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
National Level ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Smart Governance ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
The City

The term smart city is often associated with the desire for accelerated modernization of space and urban social interactions, especially based on Information and Communications Technologies. Smart cities are creative and sustainable areas that bring improvements on the quality of life, a friendlier environment and where the prospects of/for economic development are stronger. Such cities are to be considered as the sum of the various improvements in urban infrastructure, the quality of services provided to citizens, the operational costs of public administration. Romania has several key cities that have begun their pivot from regular and only digitized cities, to smart cities. According to information from the Romanian Smart City Association (ARSC), in 2018, at Romanian national level, 24 cities could be considered smart, the following cities being most visible in terms of how many projects have been undertaken so as to develop a smart city: Alba Iulia city has 60 such projects, Cluj-Napoca city has 10, Arad has 9, Sibiu and Oradea each have 8 projects, and Bucharest has started six such projects. At 2020 level, we notice an increase in the number of projects in the following way: Alba-Iulia now has 106 projects, Cluj-Napoca has 54 projects, Timisoara 26, Arad and Iasi have each 19 projects, Brasov and Bucuresti (Sector 4) have 18 projects each, Oradea 17, Sibiu 15, and Piatra Neamț 15 projects. The main areas of interest being Smart Mobility, Smart Governance, Smart Living, Smart Economy, Smart Environment, and Smart People. Having set goals of cutting energy costs by 30% in the field of public transportation and an increase of 45% in terms of innovation products that are to be sourced locally, the city of Oradea has attracted project worth 369 million euros, and this entire sum has been achieved through EU funded grants.

scholarly journals Profile of geographical variation in marginal land and its relationship with the fruit tree species richness in Jombang District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar ZULFIKAR ◽  
ENDANG ARISOESILANINGSIH ◽  
SERAFINAH INDRIYANI ◽  
ADJI ACHMAD RINALDO FERNANDES4
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Tree Species Richness

Abstract. Zulfikar, Arisoesilaningsih E, Indriyani S, Fernandes AAR. 2021. Profile of geographical variation in marginal land and its relationship with the fruit tree species richness in Jombang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3315-3325. The purpose of this study was to determine the sites of fruit tree species richness, in order to analyze the relationship between the locations with fruit tree diversity, and geographical variations, towards the success of marginal land conservation in Jombang Regency. The study area covered four districts, and was divided into 11 sites with different slopes and altitudes. Multivariate analysis was carried out using the R program. The results showed that the structure and composition of fruit trees were discovered to be 21 species from 14 families. The uniqueness of the fruit trees was shown in Tamarindus indica and Cocos nucifera, which were observed as rare plants on slopes with high and low altitudes, respectively. The results of the geographical variation analysis also showed that the slope and elevation with values of 0.5889 and 0.5077, respectively, were significantly correlated with the site of fruit plant species richness at the (?) 0.05 level, as the response formed was not linear for the three geographical diversities studied. Also, the model built between site, slope, and elevation towards the fruit tree species richness was acceptable, due to the fact that the value (Pr> F) = 0.004 was very significant at the (?) 0.001 level.

Diversity of Indigenous Fruit Tree Species in Selected Local Communities of Echague, Isabela, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HELEN C. RAMOS ◽  
FLORENDA B. TEMANEL
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Indigenous Fruit ◽  
Citrus Maxima

Indigenous fruit trees play a vital role in crop diversification and agroforestrysystem. It is also considered as a source of food and nutrition, and contributesto the income of rural people. However, indigenous fruit trees face deforestationand genetic erosion. Hence, this study determined the diversity of indigenousfruit tree species in selected local communities in Echague, Isabela. Selection ofstudy areas were based on the presence of target fruit tree species, peace and ordersituation, and accessibility. Sampling areas were determined using Point-CenterQuarter Method (PCQM).Identification of fruit tree species present in thedifferent areas was done to its species name. Collected representative plants were brought to the laboratory for identification and preservation. There were 21 fruit tree species identified belonging to the family Annonaceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae,Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Anacardiaceae, Ebenaceae,Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Oxalidaceae. The species common to all thestudy areas are Annonamuricata L., Psidiumguajava L., Artocarpus heterophyllusLam., Citrus maxima (Merr.), Diospyros blancoi A. DC., and Sandoricum koetjape(Burm.f.) Merr. All the species identified occur sparingly in the different studyareas. These areas have distinct dominant and important fruit tree species. Speciesdiversity is high as shown by the different diversity parameters.Keywords: Ecology, indigenous fruit trees, dominant species, important species, speciesrichness, species diversity, abundance, density, frequency, Isabela, Philippines

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