scholarly journals GROWTH OF DIFFERENT FRUIT TREE SPECIES IN SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT PHASE

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINA DELLA GIUSTINA ◽  
ROBERTA APARECIDA CARNEVALLI ◽  
MARCELO RIBEIRO ROMANO ◽  
DIEGO BARBOSA ALVES ANTONIO ◽  
CAMILA ECKSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Plant Accumulation ◽  
Establishment Phase

ABSTRACT The benefits of integrating agricultural components into silvopastoral systems are widely known, but the limited knowledge about ecological processes in the establishment phase impedes the use of this technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate interactions between fruit tree species and the sward layer under canopies of trees in the establishment phase of silvopastoral systems in Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experiment was implemented in October 2013, with an evaluation period from January to July 2015. The systems were composed of eight fruit trees intercropped with Tifton 85 grass. A completely randomized block design was adopted, with two replications per area per treatment. We evaluated the agronomic performance of the fruit trees, the categories of the light environment, and the plant accumulation under the canopies. The acerola fruit trees of the variety Roxinha had higher Leaf area index (LAI) and Light interception (LI) values, showing a denser canopy with small porosity and the lowest light quality available to the plants beneath the canopy (lower red/far-red ratio), thereby decreasing plant accumulation under trees. The guava fruit trees showed higher growth rates than the other fruit trees, but lower LAI and LI values and a higher red/far-red ratio, allowing higher plant growth under the canopy. Cajá trees showed a similar behavior; however, this species is deciduous, which limits its potential use in integrated systems. Banana and coconut trees were highly dependent on irrigation during the dry season. The remaining species showed an adequate growth and potential to control plant species growth under their canopies.

scholarly journals The effect of spring frosts on the nectar production and the bee visitation of fruit trees

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
I. Amtmann ◽  
F. Bakcsa ◽  
J. Iváncsics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Spring Frosts

Fruit tree species suffered very strong spring frosts in 1997 in Hungary. This caused partial or total damages at buds and flowers depending on site and time of blooming. It was demonstrated at a number of experiments that frost and cold weather also strongly affected the nectar production of surviving flowers. No or very little amount of nectar was measured in flowers first of all of early blooming fruit tree species (apricot) but also of pear and apple in some places. In spite of this fact intensive honeybee visitation was detected in the flowers of fruit trees that suffered partial frost damage only at those sites where honeybee colonies were placed in or at the experimental plantations and the lack of sufficient amount of nectar did not affected bee behaviour seriously on fruit flowers. This means that bad nectar production failed to affect bee visitation of fruit trees definitely. The reason for this was the fact that not only fruit trees but another early bee plants (wild plants, too) suffered frost damage. Accordingly, in lack of forage bees intensively searched for food at blooming fruit trees with some living flowers. Consequently, there was an acceptable yield at those plantations where bud and flower damage was not complete. Accordingly, intensive bee visitation (that is moving additional bee colonies to overpopulate fruit orchards with honeybees) can be an effective tool to decrease or eliminate the detrimental effect of spring frost on the yield of fruit trees where bud or fruit damage is not too high.  

scholarly journals Diversity Of Fruit And Timber Tree Species In The Coastal Homesteads Of Southern Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
SK. Ahiul Islam ◽  
Md. Abdul Quddus Miah ◽  
Md. Ahsan Habib
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Betel Nut ◽  
Timber Tree

In a study conducted in three southern districts (Bhola, Borguna and Patuakhali) of Bangladesh, a total of 69 tree species was recorded from the homegardens, of which 32 were fruit tree and 37 were timber tree species. Among the fruit tree species, coconut, betel nut, mango, jackfruit, guava, velvety apple were found in more than 80% households. The stocking of fruit trees per homestead was found highest for betel nut (265) followed by velvety apple (212), mango (38) coconut (25), jackfruit (20) and guava (9). Among the timber tree species, rain tree, mehogoni, raj koroi were most prevalent and found in more than 65% homesteads. The stocking of timber trees/ homestead was found highest for mehogoni (79) and then for rain tree (57), raj koroi (29) and katbadam (6). J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 83-94, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i1.16037

Apple SSRs present in coding and noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags show differences in transferability to other fruit species in Rosaceae

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Schuyler S. Korban ◽  
Yuepeng Han
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Noncoding Regions ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Simple Sequence

Zhou, Y., Li, J., Korban, S. S. and Han, Y. 2013. Apple SSRs present in coding and noncoding regions of expressed sequence tags show differences in transferability to other fruit species in Rosaceae. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 183–190. Simple sequence repeat markers derived from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are referred to as eSSRs. To develop molecular markers for non-model plants in Rosaceae, we investigated the transferability of apple eSSRs across seven fruit trees, belonging to four genera and 11 species of the Rosaceae family, including peach, quince, pear, loquat, apricot, cherry, and plum. Of the 98 apple eSSRs tested, 86 successfully amplified PCR products in at least one of the fruit tree species. Five apple eSSRs produced amplicons in more than five fruit tree species, and were deemed as a widely transferable Rosaceae marker set. Frequency of transferability of apple eSSRs across all seven fruit trees of Rosaceae varied widely among genera and species, with an average transferability of 29.0%. Overall, apple eSSRs transferred more easily to peach and pear than to plum and loquat. Interestingly, apple eSSRs present in coding sequences (CDS) showed higher levels of transferability to other fruit trees than those present in noncoding or untranslated regions (UTRs). Interestingly, apple eSSRs present in 5'UTRs showed lower frequencies of transfer than those present in 3'UTRs. The latter finding suggested that 5'UTRs might have diverged more rapidly than 3'UTRs in Rosaceae.

scholarly journals The effect of the limitation of insect pollination period on the fruit set and yield of temperate-zone fruit tree species

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
Z. Erdős ◽  
I. Skola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Compatible Pollen ◽  
Bee Colonies

The duration of effective bee pollination period was limited by caging flowering branches for shorter or longer time in blooming fruit trees in a number of experiments during the past decades. In the case of self-sterile fruit species and cultivars (apples, pears, quinces, some plums, some sour cherries) even partial limitation of the effective duration of bee pollination period significantly reduced the fruit set and the yield. In the case of self-fertile apricots the effect of the total and also the influence of partial limitation of bee pollination period was the same as in the case of the mentioned self-sterile fruits. On the other hand, in the case of another self-fertile fruits (some plums, some sour cherries), the effect of partial limitation of bee pollination period was usually small, but complete (or incomplete but strong) limitation of be pollination usually resulted in a strong reduction of yield. This means that not only self-sterile but also self-fertile fruits clearly depend on insect (bee) pollination. This is because pollen dehiscence of anthers and the receptive period of stigmas do not overlap in time within the individual flowers. Stigmas in self-fertile trees, therefore, need pollen carried by bees from another flowers of the same tree (or compatible pollen from another trees). Accordingly, additional bee pollination (moving bee colonies to the orchards in flower) is needed to all kinds of temperate-zone fruit tree species when bee visitation of plantations is not abundant enough for some reasons.

scholarly journals Profile of geographical variation in marginal land and its relationship with the fruit tree species richness in Jombang District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar ZULFIKAR ◽  
ENDANG ARISOESILANINGSIH ◽  
SERAFINAH INDRIYANI ◽  
ADJI ACHMAD RINALDO FERNANDES4
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Tree Species Richness

Abstract. Zulfikar, Arisoesilaningsih E, Indriyani S, Fernandes AAR. 2021. Profile of geographical variation in marginal land and its relationship with the fruit tree species richness in Jombang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3315-3325. The purpose of this study was to determine the sites of fruit tree species richness, in order to analyze the relationship between the locations with fruit tree diversity, and geographical variations, towards the success of marginal land conservation in Jombang Regency. The study area covered four districts, and was divided into 11 sites with different slopes and altitudes. Multivariate analysis was carried out using the R program. The results showed that the structure and composition of fruit trees were discovered to be 21 species from 14 families. The uniqueness of the fruit trees was shown in Tamarindus indica and Cocos nucifera, which were observed as rare plants on slopes with high and low altitudes, respectively. The results of the geographical variation analysis also showed that the slope and elevation with values of 0.5889 and 0.5077, respectively, were significantly correlated with the site of fruit plant species richness at the (?) 0.05 level, as the response formed was not linear for the three geographical diversities studied. Also, the model built between site, slope, and elevation towards the fruit tree species richness was acceptable, due to the fact that the value (Pr> F) = 0.004 was very significant at the (?) 0.001 level.

Diversity of Indigenous Fruit Tree Species in Selected Local Communities of Echague, Isabela, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HELEN C. RAMOS ◽  
FLORENDA B. TEMANEL
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Indigenous Fruit ◽  
Citrus Maxima

Indigenous fruit trees play a vital role in crop diversification and agroforestrysystem. It is also considered as a source of food and nutrition, and contributesto the income of rural people. However, indigenous fruit trees face deforestationand genetic erosion. Hence, this study determined the diversity of indigenousfruit tree species in selected local communities in Echague, Isabela. Selection ofstudy areas were based on the presence of target fruit tree species, peace and ordersituation, and accessibility. Sampling areas were determined using Point-CenterQuarter Method (PCQM).Identification of fruit tree species present in thedifferent areas was done to its species name. Collected representative plants were brought to the laboratory for identification and preservation. There were 21 fruit tree species identified belonging to the family Annonaceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae,Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Anacardiaceae, Ebenaceae,Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Oxalidaceae. The species common to all thestudy areas are Annonamuricata L., Psidiumguajava L., Artocarpus heterophyllusLam., Citrus maxima (Merr.), Diospyros blancoi A. DC., and Sandoricum koetjape(Burm.f.) Merr. All the species identified occur sparingly in the different studyareas. These areas have distinct dominant and important fruit tree species. Speciesdiversity is high as shown by the different diversity parameters.Keywords: Ecology, indigenous fruit trees, dominant species, important species, speciesrichness, species diversity, abundance, density, frequency, Isabela, Philippines

scholarly journals Parasitoides associated with Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in native fruits:first record of Aganaspis nordlanderi (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) in the state of Santa Catarina

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaína Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Jorge Anderson Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
First Record ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
The State ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus

Abstract With the objective of studying the entomofauna of microhymenoptera parasitoids associated with A. fraterculus, we collected fruits from native fruit trees in Caçador, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. We evaluated fruit from Eugenia involucrata, E. uniflora, Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Psidium cattleyanum (red and yellow), and Rubus sp. For each fruit tree species, we collected 40 fruits from five plants, for a total of 200 fruits per species. The fruits were maintained in plastic boxes containing sterilized sand to obtain puparia, which subsequently, were maintained in cages until the emergence of flies and/or parasitoids. In the fruits collected, we encountered puparia of A. fraterculus, from which emerged Aganaspis nordlanderi, A. pelleranoi (Figitidae: Eucoilinae), Doryctobracon brasiliensis and D. areolatus (Braconidae: Opiinae). This is the first record of the species A. nordlanderi in the State of Santa Catarina. This study also represents the first record of A. fraterculus as host of A. nordlanderi.

scholarly journals Exploring Fruit Tree Species as Multifunctional Greenery: A Case of Its Distribution in Indonesian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7835
Author(s):  
Edi Santosa ◽  
Anas Dinurrohman Susila ◽  
Winarso Drajad Widodo ◽  
Nizar Nasrullah ◽  
Ismi Puji Ruwaida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Tree Distribution ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
New City

Planting multifunctional trees (e.g., fruit species) in cities can promote genetic conservation, economic activity, ecosystem services, and social cohesion. However, in Indonesia, the relationship between the abundance of fruit tree species and different city characteristics, including their involvement in the national smart city project, is still unknown. In this study, published reports and field surveys were used to evaluate the fruit tree distribution and its relationship with the characteristics of 224 of 514 Indonesian cities in order to identify tree species for multifunctional city greenery. This is the first study on the distribution of fruit tree species at the national level. The study identified 151 fruit species of 90 genera and 40 families, including large-sized fruits, such as avocados, breadfruit, coconuts, durians, jackfruit, and mangos. On average, cities contained 54 tree species, of which 21 (38.9%) were fruit trees. These findings indicate that cities are important contributors to the genetic conservation of local fruit trees, which can be further evaluated as new city greenery. However, a city’s involvement in the smart city project bore no relationship (p > 0.05) with the number of identified fruit species. Conversely, non-fruit species tended to be more diverse in smart cities. Since the presence of fruit species is associated with the city population, geographic position, climate, altitude, and attitude towards the fragility of sustainable conservation, introducing and maintaining these species as city greenery requires advocacy to city stakeholders.

scholarly journals Hyperspectral data in water stress detection

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Riczu ◽  
A. Nagy ◽  
J. Tamás
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Stress Detection ◽  
The Status ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

Remote sensing methods are applied widespread to investigate large land fields. Within these methods the status of certain vegetation can be determined based on the reflectance spectra of the chlorophyll, in order to support agriculture, forestry and the evaluation of soil pollution. The main aims of our study were to determine and validate the reflectance spectra of fruit tree species, in order to facilitate the identification and evaluation of stressed fruit trees in orchards.

scholarly journals SUBSTRATES AND CONTAINER VOLUMES IN THE PRODUCTION OF MANGABEIRA SEEDLINGS (Hancornia speciosa Gomes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Aline Borges Vilela Silva ◽  
Ana Claudia Costa ◽  
Erika Katianne Costa Pinho ◽  
Rodrigo De Góes Esperon Reis
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
State University ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa

Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), a fruit tree native to the Brazilian Cerrado, has great potential for commercial cultivation due to the quality of fruits, which can be consumed fresh or processed. However, it is necessary to expand research in the area of propagation of this fruit tree. The aim of this study was to evaluate different substrates and container volumes in the production of mangabeira seedlings, H. speciose, in Nova Xavantina-MT. The experiment was carried out at the nursery of the Mato Grosso State University (UNEMAT), Campus of Nova Xavantina in a randomized block design, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with two container volumes (0.9 e 1.8 dm3) and four substrates (soil; soil + sand; soil + sand + bovine manure; and commercial substrate), totalizing eight treatments with four replicates and plots composed of 10 plants each. The greatest growth of mangabeira seedlings was observed using soil or soil + sand + bovine manure and 1.8 dm3 container.

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